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61.
LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE UNDER NON-PROPORTIONAL LOADING 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
X. Chen Q. Gao X.-F. Sun 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》1996,19(7):839-854
A series of strain-controlled, low-cycle fatigue experiments have been conducted on 42CrMo steel under various loading paths including circular, square, cruciform, and rectangular paths. Present experiments have shown that there is additional hardening under non-proportional cyclic loading. Non-proportional cyclic additional hardening also results in a shorter life for multiaxial low cycle fatigue. A non-proportionality measure of strain path based on both a physical basis and macromechanical phenomena is proposed. The loading path effect on additional hardening is also described well. Low-cycle fatigue damage accumulation and the evolution process under non-proportional loading is analysed via the Continuum Damage Mechanics Model of Chaboche. A non-proportinality measure is introduced in the damage evolution equation and a modified Coffin-Manson type formula is derived. A novel fatigue life prediction approach based on the critical-plane concept of Brown and Miller is proposed. 相似文献
62.
63.
Chaosuan Kanchanomai Yukio Miyashita Yoshiharu Mutoh 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2002,31(5):456-465
Low-cycle fatigue (LCF) tests on as-cast Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu, Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-1Bi, and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-3Bi solders was carried
out using a noncontact strain-controlled system at 20°C with a constant frequency of 0.1 Hz. The addition of Cu does not significantly
affect the fatigue life of eutectic Sn-Ag solder. However, the fatigue life was significantly reduced with the addition of
Bi. The LCF behavior of all solders followed the Coffin-Manson relationship. The fatigue life of the present solders is dominated
by the fracture ductility and can be described by the ductility-modified Coffin-Manson’s relationship. Steps at the boundaries
of dendrite phases were the initiation sites for microcracks for Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu, and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-1Bi solders, while
for Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-3Bi solder, cracks initiated along both the dendrite boundaries and subgrain boundaries in the dendrite phases.
The linking of these cracks and the propagation of cracks inside the specimen occurred both transgranularly through eutectic
phases and intergranularly along dendrite boundaries or subgrain boundaries. 相似文献
64.
Exact solution of elasto-plastic stresses in a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to transverse loads 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An analytical elasto-plastic stress analysis is presented for a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to a single transverse force applied to the free end of the beam and a uniformly distributed load. The material is assumed to be perfectly plastic in the elasto-plastic solution. A composite consisting of stainless-steel-reinforced aluminum was produced for this work. Sample problems are given for various orientation angles. Elastic, elastoplastic and residual normal and shear stresses are calculated. The location of the elasto-plastic boundary of the beam is obtained according to the x coordinates of the beam. 相似文献
65.
J. Yu R. Brook I. Cole D. Morabito G. Demofonti 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》1996,19(8):1019-1029
Abstract— Duplicate tests have been performed to determine the effect of cathodic protection potential on corrosion fatigue crack growth rate of a modern offshore structural steel, produced by thermo-mechanically controlled processes. The experiments were carried out using compact tension specimens exposed to artificial seawater at 10°C and subjected to constant amplitude loading at 0.35 Hz. Reproducible results showed that the merits of cathodic protection potentials are strongly dependent on stress intensity ratio R and stress intensity range Δ K . It appears that a specific value of cathodic potential may not give comprehensive protection against corrosion fatigue within the spectrum of variable amplitude loading experienced in service. Fractography showed the initiation of secondary cracks on the fracture surface to be associated with the dissolution of calcium sulphide inclusions, regardless of imposed cathodic potential. 相似文献
66.
C.Y. Tang C.P. Tsui B. Stojanovic M. Kojic 《International Journal of Mechanical Sciences》2007,49(10):1179-1191
In this study, Hill's muscle theory coupled with fatigue was proposed to describe mechanical behaviours of skeletal muscles. The force developed by a fatigued muscle was described by a muscle fatigue formula which was a time function of the activation αa and the stretch λ. The modified Hill's muscle theory was hence incorporated into a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model using the PAK finite element code. In this paper, the theoretical derivation of the 3D muscle model was firstly described. After presenting the method of establishing the finite element programme, a case example of studying the mechanical response of a frog gastrocnemius muscle was used to illustrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. The effects of the muscle fatigue on the deformation as well as the stress and strain distribution of the frog muscle subject to a cyclic activation function have been determined. An experiment capturing the real-time shape change of a frog muscle was also conducted to assess the applicability of the proposed method. A comparison between the deformed shapes of the predictive model and the frog muscles was also made. It was shown that the method is capable of providing a reasonable model for describing the mechanical behaviour of skeletal muscles. 相似文献
67.
The proposed mode of consideration of the steel-concrete interaction (Part I) is applied to real-life engineering structures. Two structures recently investigated numerically at Vienna University of Technology are considered: (1) the reinforced concrete (RC) cooling tower III Ptolema?s SES (Greece) and (2) a part of the shotcrete tunnel lining installed at the Lainzer tunnel (Austria). In both examples, the uniaxial fracture criterion used in Part I is replaced by the maximum stress (Rankine) criterion. Together with the Drucker-Prager criterion, which is used for the simulation of compressive failure of concrete/shotcrete, it defines the space of admissible stress states in the framework of multisurface plasticity. For the simulation of early-age fracture of shotcrete, consideration of the steel-concrete interaction presented in Part I of this paper is extended towards young shotcrete. Similar to the benchmark problem investigated in Part I of this paper, several analyses with different degrees of consideration of the steel-concrete interaction are performed. The obtained results give insight into the influence of the steel-concrete interaction on the load-carrying behavior of the investigated structures. 相似文献
68.
Fatigue at high temperature is a complex phenomenon as it is influenced by a number of time-dependent processes which become
important at elevated temperatures. These processes include creep, oxidation, phase instabilities and dynamic strain ageing
(DSA), acting either independently or synergistically influence fatigue behaviour, often lowering the fatigue life. Current
design approaches employ linear summation of fatigue and creep damage with suitable factors on permissible damage to take
care of uncertainties in interaction between cyclic and time-dependent processes. It is, therefore, important to develop a
deeper understanding of the processes that occur during high temperature fatigue so that realistic life predictions could
be made.
Results on the high temperature fatigue behaviour of austenitic stainless steels, ferritic steels and nickel base alloys are
presented here. The important mechanisms of interaction of high temperature time-dependent processes with fatigue under various
conditions are discussed in detail. Emphasis is placed on cyclic stress response, fatigue life, deformation substructure and
fracture behaviour. This is followed by a review of important life prediction techniques under combined creep-fatigue loading
conditions. Life prediction techniques considered here include linear damage summation, strain range partitioning, ductility
exhaustion approach, frequency modified and frequency separation methods, techniques based on hysteresis energy and damage
rate models, and methods based on crack-cavitation interation models. 相似文献
69.
Michael E. Kassner Andre W. Sleeswyk Charles J. Echer 《Microscopy research and technique》1987,5(2):189-198
There has been, in the past, only limited success with in situ cyclic or reversed plastic deformation tests in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). This is probably partly due to problems associated with buckling of the foil when an applied tensile or shear stress is reversed. Mechanical analysis shows that dislocation movement can be reversed by tensile stressing in alternating perpendicular directions (i.e., 90° rotations of a tensile stress); thus buckling of the foil can be avoided. A design for performing such X-Y in situ TEM tests is presented, with observations that demonstrate its feasibility. 相似文献
70.
Ti_3AlPHASEPRECIPITATIONDURINGVIBRATIONFATIGUINGFORATITANIUMALLOY¥TaoChunhu;ZhangShaoqing;YanMinggao(InstituteofAeronauticalM?.. 相似文献