热处理对Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-X系合金性能的影响

研究了热处理对3种Ti-Al-Sn-zr-Mo-Si-X（X为ⅤB，ⅥB族一种或几种元素）系合金（A、B、C）室温拉伸性能的影响，对优化合金的热处理制度及优选热处理制度下3种合金的疲劳裂纹扩展行为也进行了探讨。结果表明，优选热处理制度下A、C合金的裂纹扩展速率差别不大，B合金560℃时效处理后，裂纹扩展速率比540℃时效处理的小。在相同热处理制度下，比较3种合金裂纹扩展速率的结果表明，IgΔK在1．2～1．5范围内B合金的抗疲劳裂纹扩展性能较优。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of welded Fe-12Cr-20Mn austenitic stainless steel

The effects of welding on the tensile and fatigue properties of fully annealed and cold-worked Fe-12Cr-20Mn austenitic stainless steel were evaluated. Room temperature and 500 °C tensile tests and room temperature cantilever beam fatigue tests were accomplished on specimens that contained autogenous bead-on-plate welds. The tensile and fatigue properties of the fully annealed material were not significantly influenced by welding. The tensile properties of the welded cold-worked material were also not significantly affected by the presence of a weldment. However, welding caused a large reduction of the fatigue life of the cold-worked material. Fatigue cracks preferentially initiated at large Mn-Si inclusions that formed in the fusion zones of the weldments.     

1.4%C超高碳钢显微组织与疲劳性能的研究

对1．4％C超高碳钢试样热处理后的疲劳极限与断裂韧性进行测定，观察了显微组织与试样断口。结果表明，经950℃淬火700℃回火热处理后，又经860℃正火处理，试验用钢的组织结构超细化且碳化物弥散均匀分布，获得良好的综合强度与韧性及较高的疲劳极限，断裂强度较40CrNiMo调质态提高48％，屈服强度提高15％，延性指标相当，是一种优良的结构钢材料。     

STUDY ON THE TENSILE FATIGUE DAMAGE OF QUASI—ISOTROPIC COMPOSITE LAMINATES

Quasi-isotropic. laminates have isotropic elastic properties in all in-plane directions. Therefore, this kind of laminate is widely used for structural elements. The simplest stacking sequence of quasi-isotropic laminates is [0/-60/60]s. When the direction of applied axial load to [0/-60/60]s laminate is inclined at a 30-degree angle, we have the other quasi-isotropic laminate [30/-30/90]s under axial load. The failure mechanisms of these two laminates are, however, entirely different from each other because these two laminates have different distribution of the interlaminar stresses. It was confirmed by tensile fatigue tests that the [0/-60/60]s laminate does not show any visible fatigue damage, but the [30/-30/90]s laminate develops edge-delamination during cyclic loading. The analytical results were in good agreement with the experimental results.     

300M钢腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生的超载特性

本文对３００Ｍ钢在空气与３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中疲劳裂纹萌生的周期超载和单次超载特性进行了试验研究与理论分析。试验结果表明，３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中，单次超载所致腐蚀疲劳裂纹迟滞萌生的迟滞强度远小于周期超载的对应值。３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液与空气中，超载迟滞强度均随超载比增大或等效应力幅水平的提高而增大，在腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生寿命估算中，只考虑单次超载的迟滞规律，会得出大大保守的寿命估计，只有将单次超载和周期     

THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT ON FATIGUE AND FRACTURE OF IRON ALUMINIDES

ＴＨＥＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＯＦＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＯＮＦＡＴＩＧＵＥＡＮＤＦＲＡＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＩＲＯＮＡＬＵＭＩＮＩＤＥＳＳＴＯＬＯＦＦ，Ｎ．Ｓ．ａｎｄＡＬＶＥＮ，Ｄ．Ａ．（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＲｅｎｓｓｅ...     

A fatigue-life prediction methodology for notched aluminum-magnesium alloy in gulf seawater environment

Local-strain and linear-elastic fracture-mechanics (LEFM) methodologies have been investigated for prediction of the corrosion-fatigue life of notched components of specially developed Al-2.5Mg alloys exposed to Arabian Gulf seawater environment. Corrosion-fatigue crack initiation life estimates were obtained using strain-life relationships; corrosion-fatigue crack propagation life estimates were obtained using LEFM relationships. The total corrosion-fatigue life was considered to be the sum of the crack initiation and crack propagation lives. Estimated corrosion-fatigue lives were compared with experimentally obtained corrosion-fatigue life data using center-notched specimens of three types of Al-2.5Mg alloys (containing different amounts of chromium) exposed to Arabian Gulf seawater environment. Two notch geometries, a circular notch (K _t= 2.42) and an elliptical notch (K _t= 4.2), were investigated. Good corrosion-fatigue life predictions can be obtained using local-strain and LEFM methodologies by determining the relevant material constants via a few simple fatigue tests on smooth specimens and a few crack-growth-rate tests in the environment at the frequency of interest.     

表面微观屈服强度与疲劳极限的关系SCIEI

本文利用X射线对不同碳含量钢的表面微观屈服强度进行了研究。试验结果表明,表面微观屈服强度σ_(ms)远低于整体材料的屈服限,是一个反映表面抵抗塑性变形能力大小的参量。材料光滑疲劳极限往往是由裂纹荫生所控制的,与表面抵抗塑性变形的能力有关。本试验表明不同材料的σ_(ms)与存活率为50％疲劳极限的关系为:σ_(ms)=(0.81—1.02)σ_(-1);40Cr不同热处理状态的σ_(ms)与存活率为99.9％疲劳极限的关系为:σ_(ms)=(0.98—1.10)σ_(-1)。σ_(ms)的测定要比疲劳极限σ_(-1)的测定省时得多,有可能在工程上获得应用。     

弹簧表层优化喷丸残余应力场的工程计算方法

以往多是依靠疲劳试验或经验来选择弹簧的喷丸强化工艺参数，这种传统作法不仅人力和物力耗费大，而且所确定的工艺参数也不一定具有最佳的强化效果。依据作者提出的并已获得试验验证的“内部疲劳极限理论”，提出一种通过工程计算获得达到预先规定疲劳强度应具备的“优化残余应力场”。这样便有可能把喷丸强化工艺技术在制造业中的应用由以往单纯依靠试验和经验而步入到以工程计算为基础与少量典型试验相结合的更科学的途径。     

盐浴硫氮碳共渗45钢的接触疲劳性能

对４５钢经盐浴硫氮碳共渗处理的大批试样，进行了滚子接触疲劳性能试验，绘出了Ｐ－Ｓ－Ｎ曲线，分析了接触疲劳断口形貌及破坏机理。