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91.
为了实现CAD与CAIP(计算机辅助测量规划)的集成,提出了一种基于产品三维模型的CMM(三坐标测量机)测量点采样方法。该方法从产品的IGES文件中有效识别型面形状与边界定义,采用均匀采样与依曲率变化二次采样相结合的策略,针对各个型面类型制定专门的信息处理机制,实现测量点的自动采样,并通过转换在参数平面中判断采样点与裁剪区域的隶属关系,以有效剔除无效采样点;通过典型飞机部件外形曲面的采样点生成结果表明,该方法能有效应用于飞机的测量规划中。 相似文献
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Dušan N Šormaz Jaikumar Arumugam Ramachandra S Harihara Chintankumar Patel Narender Neerukonda 《Robotics and Computer》2010
An efficient model for communications between CAD, CAPP, and CAM applications in distributed manufacturing planning environment has been seen as key ingredient for CIM. Integration of design model with process and scheduling information in real-time is necessary in order to increase product quality, reduce the cost, and shorten the product manufacturing cycle. This paper describes an approach to integrate key product realization activities using neutral data representation. The representation is based on established standards for product data exchange and serves as a prototype implementation of these standards. The product and process models are based on object-oriented representation of geometry, features, and resulting manufacturing processes. Relationships between objects are explicitly represented in the model (for example, feature precedence relations, process sequences, etc.). The product model is developed using XML-based representation for product data required for process planning and the process model also uses XML representation of data required for scheduling and FMS control. The procedures for writing and parsing XML representations have been developed in object-oriented approach, in such a way that each object from object-oriented model is responsible for storing its own data into XML format. Similar approach is adopted for reading and parsing of the XML model. Parsing is performed by a stack of XML handlers, each corresponding to a particular object in XML hierarchical model. This approach allows for very flexible representation, in such a way that only a portion of the model (for example, only feature data, or only the part of process plan for a single machine) may be stored and successfully parsed into another application. This is very useful approach for direct distributed applications, in which data are passed in the form of XML streams to allow real-time on-line communication. The feasibility of the proposed model is verified in a couple of scenarios for distributed manufacturing planning that involves feature mapping from CAD file, process selection for several part designs integrated with scheduling and simulation of the FMS model using alternative routings. 相似文献
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PowerPoint是教师制做课件最常用的软件之一,该软件的控件工具箱功能十分强大。该文列举出控件工具箱在制做课件时的三个典型应用,分别是嵌入FLASH动画,导入视频文件,插入滚动文本。 相似文献
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壮族干栏建筑是一种具有鲜明地方民族特色的民居类型,壮族干栏建筑以其独特的空间规划和结构独树一帜,现代的许多设计案例从中深受其启发,展示设计也不例外。空间规划是展示设计中的重要要素之一,壮族干栏建筑的空间结构形式对于展示空间规划很有启发作用。本文从壮族干栏建筑中的空间规划和结构特点分析,结合现代展示设计对空间的处理中强调空间层次的体验感,进行探讨干栏建筑对展示设计空间规划的可行性启示。 相似文献
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The problem of transporting patients or elderly people has been widely studied in literature and is usually modeled as a dial-a-ride problem (DARP). In this paper we analyze the corresponding problem arising in the daily operation of the Austrian Red Cross. This nongovernmental organization is the largest organization performing patient transportation in Austria. The aim is to design vehicle routes to serve partially dynamic transportation requests using a fixed vehicle fleet. Each request requires transportation from a patient's home location to a hospital (outbound request) or back home from the hospital (inbound request). Some of these requests are known in advance. Some requests are dynamic in the sense that they appear during the day without any prior information. Finally, some inbound requests are stochastic. More precisely, with a certain probability each outbound request causes a corresponding inbound request on the same day. Some stochastic information about these return transports is available from historical data. The purpose of this study is to investigate, whether using this information in designing the routes has a significant positive effect on the solution quality. The problem is modeled as a dynamic stochastic dial-a-ride problem with expected return transports. We propose four different modifications of metaheuristic solution approaches for this problem. In detail, we test dynamic versions of variable neighborhood search (VNS) and stochastic VNS (S-VNS) as well as modified versions of the multiple plan approach (MPA) and the multiple scenario approach (MSA). Tests are performed using 12 sets of test instances based on a real road network. Various demand scenarios are generated based on the available real data. Results show that using the stochastic information on return transports leads to average improvements of around 15%. Moreover, improvements of up to 41% can be achieved for some test instances. 相似文献