泡沫夹克管的防水与保温

针对辽河油田应用泡沫夹克管道的情况，从泡沫夹克管的制作和敷设施工直到设计等环节，结合泡沫夹克管防腐保温的机理，并从理论与实践相结合角度出发，提出导致泡沫夹克管腐蚀损坏的最主要原因是管道保温层漏水，进而提出了在设计和施工过程中提高泡沫夹克管质量的措施。     

遥感在水面薄层研究中应用的可行性分析及其验证

从遥感测温的基本原理出发，结合发生在水面热力薄层内热结构变化的物理特征，分析了遥感技术用于监测水面薄层热结构垂直温度廊线与变化的可行性。据此，在气一水热力薄层的实验室模拟研究中得到了应用与验证，经实验证实这种新技术与常规手段结合可为水面热力边界层研究提供可靠的数据来源。由此认为，这一方法的研究将在微尺度海面过程、全球气候变化和水一气间能量通量研究中有着广阔的推广应用前景。     

A new monitoring system for piping systems in fossil fired power plants

A CEC-funded project has been performed to tackle the problem of producing an advanced Life Monitoring System (LMS) which would calculate the creep and fatigue damage experienced by high temperature pipework components. Four areas were identified where existing Life Monitoring System technology could be improved:

1. 1. the inclusion of creep relaxation

2. 2. the inclusion of external loads on components

3. 3. a more accurate method of calculating thermal stresses due to temperature transients

4. 4. the inclusion of high cycle fatigue terms.

The creep relaxation problem was solved using stress reduction factors in an analytical in-elastic stress calculation. The stress reduction factors were produced for a number of common geometries and materials by means of non-linear finite element analysis. External loads were catered for by producing influence coefficients from in-elastic analysis of the particular piping system and using them to calculate bending moments at critical positions on the pipework from load and displacement measurements made at the convenient points at the pipework. The thermal stress problem was solved by producing a completely new solution based on Green's Function and Fast Fourier transforms. This allowed the thermal stress in a complex component to be calculated from simple non-intrusive thermocouple measurements made on the outside of the component. The high-cycle fatigue problem was dealt with precalculating the fatigue damage associated with standard transients and adding this damage to cumulative total when a transient occurred.

The site testing provided good practical experience and showed up problems which would not otherwise have been detected.     

压型钢板组合楼板承载力的有限元分析

压型钢板组合楼板是 2 0世纪发展起来的一种新型结构形式。它具有显著的优势 ,如轻质、高强 ,施工快捷等 ,将在未来的建筑领域中大有作为。组合楼板的承载力主要取决于钢板 -混凝土界面处的抗剪强度。建立了一个二维有限元模型来研究单向组合板的性能。并将计算结果与试验数据进行对比 ,验证了模型的有效性     

渣油中硫化物类型分布与化学转化性能

用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）定量研究了Athabasca渣油及其加氢裂化渣油，流化焦化渣油中的硫化物类型，用超临界流体萃取分馏将3种渣油分别分离成9－14个窄馏分及残渣，测定其中的硫醚，噻吩，亚砜和砜类硫原子的分布，讨论了加氢裂化和热裂化反应脱除硫化物的反应性能。     

Energy use in controlled temperature marine aquaculture

Temperature control offers benefits in land‐based marine aquaculture: stock growth rates may be enhanced by heating in winter; mortality rates in summer may be reduced by cooling. However, if the plant is not well designed, temperature control may create very large energy demands. This paper describes the application of temperature control in abalone aquaculture in New Zealand, with a focus on energy considerations in plant design. An abalone farm using a semi‐closed water conditioning system is used as a case study for which an energy model, based on a heat pump system, is developed. The model is used to determine the impact of plant design and tank conditions on the economics of the operation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The influence of the fabrication process on the buckling of thin-walled steel box sections

Steel box sections are usually fabricated from flat plates which are welded at the corners. The welding process can introduce residual stresses and geometric imperfections into the sections which can influence their strength. For some thin-walled sections, large periodic geometric imperfections have been observed in manufactured sections. Subsequent investigations have indicated that the imperfections are in fact buckling deformations i.e. the box section has buckled due to welding residual stresses prior to any application of external load. The welding procedure and the behaviour of the box sections under load has been modelled using a finite element analysis that accounts for both geometric and material non-linearities. Tests have been carried out on box sections with a range of width to thickness ratios for the plate elements. Modelling has been shown to give good correlation with the test results. The conditions for buckling to take place as a result of the welding process have been established. A design method has been proposed.     

Measurement of Thermal Diffusivity at Low Temperatures Using an Optical Reflectivity Technique

An experimental arrangement has been developed for measuring the transient temperature responses and the thermal diffusivities of foil materials in the range of 10 to 300K by using the optical reflectivity technique. The cryogenic system with optical windows is designed to provide temperatures from 10 to 300 K. The front surface of a foil specimen is heated by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. In situ measurement of the reflectivity of a continuous-wave He–Ne laser at the rear surface is conducted on the microsecond time scale. Using the temperature dependence of reflectivity, the transient temperature response is deduced. The thermal diffusivity is obtained by fitting Parker's formulae to the experimental data on temperature rise. Stainless-steel foils are chosen as samples and are studied in the region from 10 to 300 K. The accuracy is examined by comparing the present results with the theoretical temperature responses and thermal diffusivity data from the literature. Good agreement is observed.     

Si基膜片型气敏传感器微结构单元的热学性能

微结构气敏传感器由于其微型化、低功耗、易阵列化和易批量生产等优点而受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。利用微机电系统（MEMS）加工技术，制备Si基膜片型微结构单元，并分析其热学性能。这种单元工作区温度为-300℃时，加热功率约75mW；并且膜片工作区的热质量很小，温度可以于毫秒量级的时间内，在室温和450℃之间调制。利用这种微结构单元，可以在温度调制方式下，研究气敏薄膜的电学特性和敏感机理。     

Si衬底上Ta-N/Cu薄膜性能研究

对Si衬底上Ta-N/Cu薄膜进行了电学和热学分析，结果发现500℃以下薄膜电随几乎不变，600-690℃下的退火引起的电阻率降低是由于Ta-N电阻的热氧化和Cu熔化扩散引起的，而690℃以上的电阻率增加是由于Cu引线传输能力减弱所致，为0.18μm以下的超大规模集成电路中的Cu引线和电阻薄膜的制作提供了有益的借鉴。