黄河下游高含沙洪水河床形态及调控指标

利用水库调控高含沙洪水是维持黄河下游主槽不萎缩的重要途径。基于黄河下游实测高含沙洪水冲淤特性的分析,按流量大小对高含沙洪水进行了分类,提出了黄河下游高含沙洪水的分类调控思路及相应的调控指标。大漫滩高含沙洪水,在满足黄河下游防洪要求的前提下,控制洪峰流量大于1.5倍的平滩流量,来沙系数在0.012~0.04 kg·s/m~6范围内。一般高含沙洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量接近平滩流量,并尽可能控制来沙系数在临界值附近。高含沙小洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量在2 500 m~3/s以下,洪水沙量小于2亿t。高含沙洪水经过分类调控后,可较大限度地利用滩地淤沙、主槽输沙能力排沙及花园口以上较大的主槽库容滞沙,维持或提高黄河下游主槽过流能力。     

高分子破乳剂及其在大庆油田的应用实验

本文文综述了中老油田采出液性质的变化和高含水采出液的油水分离特性，探讨了聚醚型破乳剂和高分子破乳剂在高含水采出液状况下的适应性。通过理论分析和大庆两个联合站的现场实验证明，高分子破乳剂特别适用于高含水采出液的事实，并指出了其适应性和提出了其质量与适应性的评价方法。     

表面改性活性炭对饮用水中THMs吸附性能研究

通过对活性炭的表面改性，并对氯化消毒后的高色度水进行吸附处理，可使其三氯甲烷（THMs)的含量降低到44μg/dm^3，达到国家生活饮用水质标准。     

焦炉集气管压力专家协调控制

针对压力对象相互耦合的实际特点，提出了基于专家系统的集成管压力协调控制方法，使系统在PID控制的基础上，按实际运行状况智能选择控制策略。     

纤维素科学与技术研究进展

本文综述纤维素科学与技术的研究进展。阐述了纤维素结构、纤维素的合成、纤维素液晶、功能纤维素、纤维素溶剂、纤维素裂解和纤维素的废物利用等的最新动态。     

The composition of hydrogenated fats by high-resolution13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

The high-resolution¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of twelve hydrogenated fats have been examined. Each spectrum contains 50–100 signals and reveals much about the nature of the acyl chains of both double-bond position and configuration. The signals for the ω1, ω2 and ω3 carbon atoms give information on thecis andtrans isomers of the Δ15, Δ14, Δ13 and Δ12 18:1 esters, respectively. Allylic signals distinguish betweencis andtrans esters, and the proportion of totalcis to totaltrans isomers can be obtained from these. Olefinic signals are the most informative, and most of these have been assigned. This leads to a semi-quantitative estimate of the various 18:1 isomers present. Assignments are based mainly on information already in the literature, but some were confirmed after urea fractionation of the acids from a hydrogenated oil in whichcis andtrans monoene acids were separately concentrated.     

Mechanism for the reduction of NOx on Rh/sulfated titanias

Titanias of different surface areas have been sulfated and used as supports of Rh oxide for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. Only the sulfation of TiO₂ of large surface areas gives strong Br?nsted acid sites, retaining pyridine up to 773 K. Low surface area anatase is unable to retain sulfates. The catalytic activities measured at 523 K, increase with the number of acid sites, and then reach a plateau, showing the intervention of acidity in the SCR. This is true only for Rh but not for Pt. The investigation of the elemental steps on Rh/sulfated TiO₂ by in situ diffuse reflectance spectroscopy permits to clarify a few points: the oxidation of propene, presumably to acetaldehyde, occurs by the reaction with nitrates adsorbed on the support. The further oxidation of this intermediate by NO₂ yields an isocyanate, which can be hydrolysed to ammonia.     

环氧树脂微胶囊的制备研究

以脲醛树脂为壁材,E-51环氧树脂为囊芯,通过原位聚合法制备了环氧树脂微胶囊。探讨了反应过程中脲醛量比及反应温度、体系pH值、搅拌速度等实验条件对微胶囊表面形貌、结构、粒径及其分布和包封率的影响。并通过多种方法对微胶囊进行了检测和表征,在此基础上提出了制备环氧树脂微胶囊的最佳反应条件:n(尿素):n(甲醛)=1:2．0,以NH4Cl为酸性催化剂,催化剂分批加入,酸化3h,终点pH为2．0,反应温度70℃,搅拌转速450r／min,固化2h。     

熟料槽式输送机系统远程巡检的设计与应用

远程巡检是依托图像采集、网络通信、自动化、智能化等技术的持续进步，将视频监控、在线监测、智能巡检设备、智能化平台等多项技术，融入巡检作业流程中，实现对现场设备全方位、多维度远程监测。文章以南方某水泥厂熟料槽式输送机系统远程巡检为试点开展实践，利用远程巡检平台对现场设备精细掌控，现场巡检人员辅助监测核实，两种巡检模式互相印证、充分融合，初步形成了熟料槽式输送机系统远程巡检的新方法，也为水泥行业巡检工作提供了新的技术平台和管理思路。     

基于多目标优化的黔中区水资源配置研究

以黔中水利枢纽一期工程为研究对象,开展水资源优化配置研究。在分析黔中水利枢纽工程概况及水资源优化配置原则的基础上,建立了黔中水利枢纽工程水资源优化配置模型,采用多目标规划对模型进行求解,得出了2007,2015年和2020年水平年黔中灌区、贵阳市区以及安顺市区的水资源优化配置结果;同时,对供需平衡、经济效益和污水排放量3个指标进行了对比分析。该模型分析结果为黔中区水资源的配置提供了科学合理的依据。