Modeling and control of Wiener-type processes

We develop a simple relay feedback method to identify Wiener-type nonlinear processes. It separates the identification problem of the nonlinear static function from that of the linear dynamic subsystem to simplify the identification procedure significantly. Owing to the separation, the unmeasurable output of the linear dynamic subsystem can be obtained in a straightforward manner. Then, determining the model structure of the nonlinear static function becomes very simple and the estimates are robust to additive output noises. We can identify the whole activated region of the nonlinear static function as well as the ultimate information of the linear dynamic subsystem from only one relay feedback test. More information on the linear dynamic subsystem can be estimated by well-established linear system identification methods from additional tests. We use a nonlinear control strategy to compensate the nonlinear dynamics of the Wiener process so that the design parameters can be determined by usual tuning rules developed for linear processes and a high control performance can be achievable as in linear processes.     

以用户反馈为基础的数据库关键字检索技术分析

在当前的信息社会环境中,各领域所集结的数据资源日趋丰富,因此,提升信息检索的效率与质量就显得较为重要。从实践来看,根据检索用户的反馈信息,凭借更先进的技术手段来重新调整数据库关键字的检索设置,从而提升数据检索的精准度。本文就从用户反馈的角度为切入点来分析数据库关键字检索技术及其应用状况,以期为该领域实践提供有益的借鉴。     

Decentralized output feedback stabilization for a class of large‐scale feedforward nonlinear time‐delay systems

This paper is concerned with the decentralized stabilization problem for a class of large‐scale feedforward nonlinear time‐delay systems. The uncertain nonlinearities involved in the systems are assumed to be bounded by continuous functions of the inputs and delayed inputs multiplied by unmeasured states and delayed states. An observer‐based decentralized output feedback control scheme is proposed by using the dynamic gain control design approach. On the basis of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory, the global asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop control system is proved. Contrary to many existing control designs for feedforward nonlinear systems, the celebrated forwarding design and saturation design are not utilized here. An example is finally given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design procedure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and properties of an alkoxysilane dye containing three electronic donor groups for nonlinear optical applications

In order to obtain an efficient hybrid inorganic–organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, an azo-dye containing three electronic donor groups 2,5-dimethyl-4-(4′-nitrophenylazo)phenol (DMNPAP) was synthesized and reacted with 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane (ICTES) to give an alkoxysilane dye (ICTES–DMNPAP). Molecular structural characterizations for DMNPAP and ICTES–DMNPAP were investigated by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, FTIR, UV–visible spectra and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The alkoxysilane dye could be hydrolyzed and polymerized in the presence of water, and then transparent hybrid films could be fabricated by spin coating on the indium–tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrates. Compared with the dye 4-nitro-4′-hydroxy-azobenzene (NHA) containing only one hydroxyl as donor group, DMNPAP exhibited larger β_CTμ_g value measured by solvatochromic method, and second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement of the hybrid films was in agreement with the result.     

基于图像反馈的标靶面与光轴垂直调节系统

介绍了摄像机标定的内部参数,阐述了标靶面与光轴垂直可以简化标定的过程.当标靶面与光轴垂直时,利用标靶面上特征圆在CCD成像面上成像也是圆的特点,提出了基于图像反馈的标靶面与光轴垂直的调节方法.一般情况下,标靶面与光轴不垂直,标靶面上特征圆在CCD成像面上成像为椭圆.通过图像处理和最小二乘椭圆拟合法计算出成像椭圆的长短轴及偏角,设计了调整控制策略.实验结果表明,该方法是有效可行的.     

复杂电磁暂态下变压器差动保护异常动作行为分析及对策

随着电力系统结构与组成的复杂性增加,变压器差动保护发生原因不明的误、拒动作几率明显上升,给电网安全带来隐患,也影响工业生产的正常运行.分析变压器经历外部故障切除、有载合闸、非线性负荷投入、换流变合闸等复杂电磁暂态过程时基于二次谐波制动的差动保护误动的机理,指出TA局部暂态饱和、非线性特性元件的相互作用是造成上述保护误动的根本原因.并对换流变压器差动保护在故障情况下长延时动作的原因进行分析,基于相电压突变量和差流突变量的时差,提出一种能有效解决上述问题的变压器差动保护判据。在任何非故障的异常情况下,该时差总是存在,而内部故障时该时差很小,可以将变压器故障和其经历的异常运行状态相区分.通过大量的试验对该判据的可行性和有效性进行验证.     

基于N次谐波法的供油凸轮型线的拟合

采用N次谐波法反求电控单体集成泵的凹弧凸轮型线,利用MATLAB软件对凸轮型线进行曲线拟合,并根据拟合结果对供油凸轮性能进行分析。结果表明,在拟合过程中N的取值受限是造成截断误差的主要原因,因此可以通过增大N值来获得较高的拟合精度,在等速区段较大时,循环喷油量稳定,速度上升平稳。     

基于可控电抗器的单调谐滤波器的两种控制方法比较

可控电抗器作为电力设备中常用的一种非线性装置,其控制方式直接影响设备的整体性能.本文从可控电抗器的控制特性出发,阐述了基于可控电抗器的单调谐滤波器的两种控制方法,即相位跟踪控制法和自寻最优控制法.比较了两种方法在110V工作电压下的控制效果及各自的应用环境.     

基于矩阵分解的唯一稳态消谐法在消除中性点接地电力系统铁磁谐振中的应用

唯一稳态消谐法是近年出现的消除非线性系统谐振新的分析方法.将这一方法应用在消除中性点接地电力系统的铁磁谐振的分析中,以矩阵分解为工具,利用向量比较原理,得到了相应的消谐条件.用数值模拟方法验证了该法的有效性.     

电量测量抗混叠滤波器设计与研究

在电力谐波分析中,为了最大程度地抑制或消除频谱混叠对动态测控系统的影响,必须采用抗混叠滤波器。分析基于DSP电力谐波分析系统中产生频谱混叠的原因,介绍单一采样频率下模拟滤波器设计过程,为了降低对单一采样频率下模拟滤波器技术要求,又介绍采用过采样技术与∑-△式A/D转换器设计的模拟滤波器以及数字滤波器,取得了较好的抗混叠滤波效果。最后,从实际应用出发,给出由RC-运放和集成滤波实现高阶巴特沃斯抗混叠滤波器电路及其参数选择,具有一定实际应用价值.