THIN LAYER SOLAR DRYING OF SOME VEGETABLES

In this study, a solar cabinet dryer consisting of a solar air heater and a drying cabinet, was used in drying experiments. Pumpkin, green pepper, stuffed pepper, green bean, and onion were dried in thin layers. Three different drying air velocities were applied to the process of drying to determine their effects on drying time. Fresh materials were dried by a natural sun drying method. In order to explain drying curves of these products different moisture ratio models were performed and evaluated based on their determination coefficients (R²). Our results revealed that drying air temperature could increase up to about 46°C. Drying air velocity had an important effect on drying process. Drying time changed between 30.29 and 90.43 hours for different vegetables by the solar drying. This drying time was between 48.59 and 121.81 hours for the natural sun drying. Drying curves could be explained by determined thin layer drying models satisfactorily with very high determination coeffcients.     

常规及创新高压凝液回收流程对比

塔里木盆地地区的英买、迪那等大型高压凝析气田目前仅对原料天然气进行了烃水露点控制,重烃回收率低,经济效益没有实现最大化,对此类气田进行凝液回收可显著提升气田的经济效益。现今适用于高压天然气凝液回收的流程主要为HPA（high pressure absorber）流程,本文在HPA流程基础上提出两种改进流程,即改进Ⅰ型流程和改进Ⅱ型流程。并通过SQP（sequential quadratic programming）算法以单位能耗最低为目标函数对3种流程进行操作参数优化, 并通过能耗分析表明：3种流程具有不同原料气贫富和压力适应范围,在贫气条件下,原料气压力在7000~8000kPa范围内,改进Ⅰ型比HPA流程更节能,而当原料气压力高于7500kPa时,改进Ⅱ型流程能耗开始低于前两者,且随原料气压力增加,节能效果更加明显。而对于富气,改进Ⅱ型流程能耗最高,改进Ⅰ型与HPA流程区别不明显。     

浅谈太阳能热水器行业用聚氨酯发泡剂的发展方向

对太阳能热水器聚氨酯保温材料所用发泡剂的替代方向作了详细介绍,并对各类发泡剂的性能及其在太阳能热水器发泡体系中的应用进行了对比分析.     

中国防水涂料机械化施工势在必行

分析了中国防水行业材料应用市场的发展现状;通过对JS防水涂料采用高压无气喷涂方式在上海3 000 m2实际项目的应用试验,分析了我国防水涂料采用机械化施工在工艺设备上具备的条件,以及给企业带来的利益;指出防水行业应更新理念、创造条件,推动防水涂料机械化施工在我国的发展进程。     

Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental evaluation of power plants including CO2 capture

CO₂ capture from power plants, combined with CO₂ storage, is a potential means for limiting the impact of fossil fuel use on the climate. In this paper, three oxy-fuel plants with incorporated CO₂ capture are evaluated from an economic and environmental perspective. The oxy-fuel plants, a plant with chemical looping combustion with near 100% CO₂ capture and two advanced zero emission plants with 100% and 85% CO₂ capture are evaluated and compared to a similarly structured reference plant without CO₂ capture. To complete the comparison, the reference plant is also considered with CO₂ capture incorporating chemical absorption with monoethanolamine. Two exergy-based methods, the exergoeconomic and the exergoenvironmental analyses, are used to determine the cost-related and the environmental impacts of the plants, respectively, and to reveal options for improving their overall effectiveness.For the considered oxy-fuel plants, the investment cost is estimated to be almost double that of the reference plant, mainly due to the equipment used for oxygen production and CO₂ compression. Furthermore, the exergoeconomic analysis reveals an increase in the cost of electricity with respect to the reference plant by more than 20%, with the advanced zero emission plant with 85% CO₂ capture being the most economical choice. On the other hand, a life cycle assessment reveals a decrease in the environmental impact of the plants with CO₂ capture, due to the CO₂ and NO_x emission control. This leads to a reduction in the overall environmental impact of the plants by more than 20% with respect to the reference plant. The most environmentally friendly concept is the plant with chemical looping combustion.     

基于Petri网的电加热炉温度控制系统

针对工业生产中常规的电加热炉温度控制的强非线性及大惯性等特性,应用混杂控制系统的思想,设计了基于Petri网的电加热炉温度控制系统.利用Petri网的监控功能,提出了基于控制Petri网的混杂控制方法,进而给出基于控制Petri网的过程混杂控制器的设计,最终实现电加热炉温度控制的快速性和稳定性.     

高压法三聚氰胺装置OAT浓缩技术分析研究

中国石油乌鲁木齐石化分公司化工厂高压法三胺装置为欧技公司引进技术,OAT浓缩系统(OAT结晶系统和超滤系统)为第三代改良工艺,OAT浓缩工艺为新设计工艺,目前还处在试验阶段,国内同类厂都存在OAT浓缩系统频繁出现堵塞的问题,我厂对此进行了研究并处理,目前装置可长周期平稳运行.     

高压蒸梗对中性香味成分和感官质量的影响

在压力0.15 MPa温度110℃时间为5 min的条件下,对烟梗进行了高压蒸梗处理,并采用同时蒸馏萃取、气相色谱-质谱/选择离子法（GC-MS/SIM）和内标法,对高压蒸梗膨胀处理前后中性香味成分进行了定性、定量对比分析,并进行感官质量评价。结果表明：高压蒸梗处理的烟梗中性香味成分总量、醛类、醇类和酯类均比常规处理烟梗中要高,尤其是2-甲基-四氢呋喃-3-酮、糠醛、糠醇、2-环戊烯-1,4-二酮、2-乙酰呋喃物质的含量显著增加。高压蒸梗处理对于改善烟梗的感官吸味品质具有明显的作用。     

窄通道内小传热面的混合与受迫对流换热研究

通过实验研究了垂直矩形窄通道内小尺寸加热元件在助流和反流条件下对流体的热传过程,详细探讨了混合对流的换热特性,并给出一系列实验关联式,用以计算混合对流条件下的换热率。当Re_L>2500时,无论助流或反流均不受Ra_L~*的影响;当Re_L<350时,对于助流,其换热率与Ra_L~(*0.065)成正比;在350相似文献   

聚酯热媒炉盘管裂纹失效应力分析及故障处理对策

运用相关弹塑性力学理论．对聚酯热媒炉盘管在弯曲制造和生产运行过程中所产生的应力作定性分析，从力学角度找出导致裂纹失效的潜在原因，并对故障发生时的判断方法及处理对策，作经验性阐述．