大功率雾状水消防装备--涡喷消防车

利用喷射功率达4000kW的航空涡轮喷气发动机产生的大流量、高流速气体射流,与大流量的水射流混合,形成高流速“气体一水雾两相射流”的涡喷消防车,使雾状水的喷射距离大幅度增加,将大流量水雾射流或轻水泡沫微珠射流沿水平方向快速射入火焰中。分析了涡喷消防车的工作原理及雾状水消防车喷射功率大、控制火势能力强、灭火速度快的特点。     

基于热气机分布式冷热电三联供效益分析

以上海地区一幢典型五层住宅建筑热、电、冷负荷需求为计算基础,分别计算了基于热气机的冷热电三联供系统和传统冷热电分供系统的一次能耗率、全年净收益以及投资回收期,验证了三联供系统的节能性和经济性。分析表明热气机余热利用率和能源价格是影响该三联供系统节能效益和经济效益的主要因素。     

Effect of intake air oxygen enrichment for improving engine performance and emissions control in diesel engine

Stringent emission regulations and health awareness about air pollution have led researchers to find alternative means of minimising emissions in diesel engines. In this article, the influence of oxygen enrichment is discussed to determine the effect on diesel engine performance, emission characteristics and combustion characteristics. Normal diesel and oxygen-enriched diesel are used in this experiment. The increase in oxygen concentration led to complete combustion, producing higher thermal efficiency and low harmful emissions. From the results, it is noted that oxygen-enriched diesel fuel showed reduction of CO, HC and smoke emissions, while NOx emission increased.

Abbreviations/Nomenclature DI: direct injection; NOx: oxides of nitrogen; O₂: oxygen; HC: hydrocarbon; PM: particulate matters; CO: carbon monoxide; CO₂: carbon dioxide     

Effect of diethyl ether blended with neem oil methyl esters in CI engine

Vegetable oils are now considered to be a potential alternative that can be used in place of partial or total substitution of diesel fuels. In this study, we used diethyl ether as an oxygenated additive to investigate the possible use of higher percentages of biodiesel in an unmodified diesel engine. Neem oil was selected for biodiesel production. The tests were performed at a steady-state condition in a single-cylinder constant speed DI diesel engine. The combustion process involved in diesel engine would be improved and the particulate matter would be reduced if these biodiesels are blended. An experimental investigation is carried out to establish the emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine using diethyl ether as additive in Neat Neem oil Biodiesel. Emissions of hydro carbon oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide significantly reduced by adding diethyl ether into neem oil biodiesel at 10% and 20% on volume basis.     

Numerical investigations on the Dish–Stirling engine system

The Stirling engine is an environmentally friendly external combustion heat engine and reduces the complexities of the combustion process, and indirectly helps in reduction of CO₂ emission. Modelling based on cyclic analysis is performed for a Beta configuration Stirling engine of 1.5?kW_e capacity using a rhombic drive for the solar-dish-supported Stirling engine. The analysis helps in estimating the overall efficiency of the system using the experimental correlation of the solar concentrator ARUN160 at the engine operating temperature. The analysis shows that the system will have overall efficiency around 25% in the range of 750–1050?K at the expansion space. The degradation of performance compared to that at an operating temperature of 1025?K is only marginal and makes 750?K a more preferred temperature. The present study evaluates a range of possible design goals and provides suitable alternatives and thus provides a clear understanding of the system design considerations.     

Effect of TiO2 and nozzle geometry on diesel emissions fuelled with biodiesel blends

In this present study, the compression ignition engine was designed to run on CIME (Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester) biodiesel with nanoparticles. The TiO₂ nanoparticle is added to the biodiesel in the form of nanofluid at concentration levels of 100?ppm whereas ethanox is added at levels of 100, 200 and 500?ppm. The nanoparticle and the ethanox are dispersed by the ultrasonication process. The addition of nanofluid reduces the particulate emission like nitrogen oxide (NO_x) at 100% load. The efficiency is better and emission is reduced owing to the influence of explosion of water molecules present in the biodiesel. We found ethanox to be a superlative nanofluid to reduce the emission of toxic gas at appreciable levels. We have witnessed a 20% reduction in emission of NO_x and 10% reduction of other particulate emission. In addition, the exit geometry of exhaust is modified from a circular shape to an elliptical one and the consequence of the geometry is calculated.     

Experimental analysis of the effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on a single-cylinder diesel engine using biofuel blended with diesel as fuel

Energy demand is the hot topic of all developing and developed countries. Energy demand has been increasing day by day at a high rate. So, it is necessary to find an alternative solution that is eco-friendly. Biodiesel can be the alternative solution for this problem. The main purpose of this paper is to test the engine performance and emission parameters of a diesel engine using pure cinnamon oil blended with diesel and using cerium oxide as a catalyst. The parameters measured are brake power, brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel conception, CO₂, CO, NO_x and HC.     

Impact analysis of compressor rotor blades of an aircraft engine

Frequent failures due to foreign particle impacts are observed in compressor blades of the interceptor fighter MIG-23 aircraft engines in the Ethiopian air force, supplied by the Dejen Aviation Industry. In this paper, we made an attempt to identify the causes of failure and hence recommend the suitable materials to withstand the foreign particle impacts. Modal and stress analysis of one of the recently failed MIG-23 gas turbine compressor blades made up of the following Aluminum based alloys: 6061-T6, 7075-T6, and 2024-T4, has been performed, apart from the impact analysis of the rotor blades hit by a granite stone. The numerical results are correlated to the practical observations. Based on the modal, stress and impact analysis and the material properties of the three considered alloys, alloy 7075-T6 has been recommended as the blade material.     

航空发动机磨损在线监测的能谱数据处理方法研究

对用于航空发动机磨损在线监测的能谱数据处理方法进行了研究。介绍了基于同位素Ｘ射线荧光法的滑油磨损在线监测系统的组成及工作原理,通过对所获得能谱数据进行平滑、剥谱、寻峰、峰净面积计算、浓度插值计算等处理,就可以实现杂质浓度的自动检测。文中担子一种函数拟合寻峰方法,实现结果表明,这种方法具有算法简单、运算速度快等优点,特别适合于在线监测的能谱数据处理。     

汽车发动机瞬时转速测量中的噪声分析及补偿方法

对汽车发动机的瞬时转速信号中的量测噪声进行补偿。试验测量结果表明,由飞轮齿圈的齿形误差引起的噪声是瞬时转速信号中的主要噪声源。并且该噪声的幅值与发动机的平均转速成正比。由于这种噪声的频带与飞轮瞬时转速信号物频带可能重叠,因此采用传统的滤波等方法无法完全肖除齿形误差引起的噪声,提出采用２个传感器的补偿新方法,可将齿形误差引起的噪声从瞬时转速信号中消除,试验结果验证了该方法的可行性,训利用瞬时转速检测