Experimental procedure for measuring and comparing head–neck–trunk posture and movements caused by different progressive addition lens designs

This study demonstrates that appropriate measurement procedures can detect differences in head movement in a near reading task when using three different progressive addition lenses (PALs). The movements were measured using an anatomical reference system with a biomechanical rationale. This reference system was capable of representing rotations for comparing head flexion relative to trunk, head flexion relative to neck, head rotation relative to trunk and trunk flexion. The subject sample comprised 31 volunteers and three PAL designs with different viewing zones were selected. Significant differences were found between the lenses for three of the seven movement parameters examined. The differences occurred for both vertical and horizontal head movements and could be attributed to aspects of the PAL design. The measurement of the complete kinematic trunk–neck–head chain improved the number of differences that were found over those in previous studies.

Statement of Relevance: The study proposes a methodology based on a biomechanical rationale able to differentiate head–neck–trunk posture and movements caused by different progressive addition lens designs with minimum invasiveness. This methodology could also be applied to analyse the ergonomics of other devices that restrict the user's field of view, such as helmets, personal protective equipment or helmet-mounted displays for pilots. This analysis will allow designers to optimise designs offering higher comfort and performance.     

Modeling of large-scale social network services based on mechanisms of information diffusion: Sina Weibo as a case study

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of the dissemination of information in the community. A variety of possible factors that affect the dissemination of information in Sina Weibo have been discussed. By analyzing the process of the information dissemination in the community of Sina Weibo, we found the information dissemination of Weibo community and the dynamic model are very similar. With the aid of data intensive computing theory, the various features have been mined and modeled. The dynamic model is improved and redefined to characterize the community. Then the SEINR model is proposed. The basic reproductive number, the existence of equilibrium point and the stability of the network are analyzed and proved in detail. By comparing with real data in Weibo community, we show that the SEINR model accurately reflects the dissemination of information community. Furthermore, we investigate the SEINR model in detail to show the influences of different parameters on information dissemination by simulations.     

Lung Cancer Assistant: a hybrid clinical decision support application for lung cancer care

Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are becoming the model of care for cancer patients worldwide. While MDTs have improved the quality of cancer care, the meetings impose substantial time pressure on the members, who generally attend several such MDTs. We describe Lung Cancer Assistant (LCA), a clinical decision support (CDS) prototype designed to assist the experts in the treatment selection decisions in the lung cancer MDTs. A novel feature of LCA is its ability to provide rule-based and probabilistic decision support within a single platform. The guideline-based CDS is based on clinical guideline rules, while the probabilistic CDS is based on a Bayesian network trained on the English Lung Cancer Audit Database (LUCADA). We assess rule-based and probabilistic recommendations based on their concordances with the treatments recorded in LUCADA. Our results reveal that the guideline rule-based recommendations perform well in simulating the recorded treatments with exact and partial concordance rates of 0.57 and 0.79, respectively. On the other hand, the exact and partial concordance rates achieved with probabilistic results are relatively poorer with 0.27 and 0.76. However, probabilistic decision support fulfils a complementary role in providing accurate survival estimations. Compared to recorded treatments, both CDS approaches promote higher resection rates and multimodality treatments.     

浅析住宅小区景观的人性化设计——以海口耀江花园为例

本文通过分析住宅小区景观的人性化设计现状及当前所存在的问题，以海南海口耀江花园为例。从审关需求和人文关怀两个方面进行分析，强调人性化设计在住宅小区景观规划中的重要作用，以期为未来小区景观的人性化设计提供参考。     

Pattern analysis in daily physical activity data for personal health management

Purpose: sedentary lifestyles have resulted in an increasing number of people who are at increased risk of various conditions and diseases, including overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndromes. Our objective was to systematically record the daily life journal on a platform to increase the self-awareness and improve the sedentary lifestyle and to assist clinicians in understanding and facilitating patients’ daily physical activity.Method: we developed a portable activity pattern recognition system designed to automatically recognize the daily activity habits of users, and provide visualized life logs on the wellness self-management platform for patients and clinicians. Based on the participants’ and the clinician’s comments, appropriate modifications were made.Results: persuading people to improve their activities during non-working hours can enhance the general physical activity. Since users’ smartphones automatically monitor their energy expenditure, healthcare professionals can use these data to assist their patients in addressing health problems stemming from the obesity or metabolic syndromes, thus empowering users to avert or delay the progression of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other complications.Discussion and conclusions: the clinical pilot study showed the feasibility of applying this persuasive technology to improve the physical activity of overweight people. The limitation of the study is the need for Wi-Fi and 3G environments and a smartphone.     

一例血凝酶制剂致低纤维蛋白原血症患者的药学监护

目的: 探讨蛇毒血凝酶制剂在肝硬化患者应用中的药学监护。方法: 临床药师参与一例肝硬化伴低纤维蛋白原血症患者的治疗，根据国家药品不良反应监测中心的评价标准进行药学评价，判断为蛇毒血凝酶制剂所致不良反应，建议避免使用相关药物并对该患者进行药学监护。结果: 临床药师利用专业知识提供合理化用药建议，被临床医生接纳，及时有效地处理药物不良反应，使患者得到有效治疗后顺利出院。结论: 临床药师参与肝硬化患者的治疗过程，开展药学服务，可提供合理、有效的用药建议以确保患者用药安全。     

基本公共服务均等化背景下吉林市社区养老问题研究

近年来，以推进基本公共服务均等化为依托而促进养老等社会服务的发展已成为各省市的重点工作之一，立足于吉林市市情，通过调查研究、定量分析等方式探索本地社区养老存在的问题以及对策。     

Automatic heart sound detection in pediatric patients without electrocardiogram reference via pseudo-affine Wigner–Ville distribution and Haar wavelet lifting

Having in mind the availability of electronic stethoscopes, phonocardiograms (PCGs) have become popular for cardiovascular functionality monitoring and signal processing applications. Detection of fundamental heart sounds (HSs), S1s and S2s, is considered to be a crucial step in PCG analysis. Electrocardiogram (ECG), noted as a reference signal, is often synchronously recorded in order to simplify the S1/S2 detection process. Nevertheless, electronic stethoscopes are frequently used without additional ECG equipment. We propose a new algorithm for automatic fundamental HSs detection via: joint time-frequency representation based on pseudo affine Wigner–Ville distribution (PAWVD), Haar wavelet lifting scheme (Haar-LS), normalized average Shannon energy (NASE) and autocorrelation. The performance of the proposed algorithm was calculated on both normal (50) and pathological (75) PCG recordings, eight seconds long each, contributed by 125 different pediatric patients. The algorithm showed relatively high recall (90.41%) and precision (96.39%) rates of S1/S2 detection procedure in a variety of PCG signals, without ECG as a reference. Furthermore, it indicated the ability to overcome splitting within the S1/S2 heart sounds.     

基于集约策略的城市高铁综合交通枢纽地区规划模式探析——以三明南站枢纽地区规划为例

本文以对高铁枢纽地区的特征分析为基础，对于土地资源紧缺的城市，提出集约模式开发策略来开展交通枢纽地区的规划建设，以解决在多层次空间利用、功能定位、交通组织等方面面临的问题。具体对策包括TOD模式、功能复合、交通一体化、门户景观营造等。以福建三明南站地区为例，从功能、空间、交通和景观等方面探讨了集约开发策略在高铁交通枢纽地区的实际应用。     

Broadening the lens for the governance of emerging technologies: Care ethics and agricultural biotechnology

In this paper we argue that insights from feminist perspectives, particularly in the form of an ethics of care, have a number of advantages when used as a lens through which to consider questions relevant to the governance of emerging technologies. We highlight how an emphasis on central themes of importance in feminist theory and care ethics such as relationality, contextuality, dependence, power, affect, and narrative can shine a light on a number of salient issues that are typically missed by the dominant and largely consequentialist risk assessment frame. We argue that the care ethics lens is a better fit when technologies are understood not simply as devices designed to create a certain end experience for a user but as transformative systems that smuggle in numerous social and political interests. The advantages of these care ethics themes for emerging technologies are illustrated through a detailed consideration of agricultural biotechnology. We show how the feminist care ethics lens might have anticipated the very questions that have proved themselves to be the sticking points for this technology. We therefore suggest that applying a care ethics lens can significantly broaden the frame of appraisal processes used for the governance of emerging technologies and usefully grant legitimacy to questions and concerns that are prominent in public discourse but typically left out of practices of risk assessment.