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71.
开发有线电视收费管理系统需注意的问题 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析有线电视业务及用户管理中出现的问题与解决办法,为系统的开发建立数据模型,以确保有线电视网络公司和用户的利益。 相似文献
72.
In the past few years many systems for learning decision rules from examples were developed. As different systems allow different types of answers when classifying new instances, it is difficult to appropriately evaluate the systems' classification power in comparison with other classification systems or in comparison with human experts. Classification accuracy is usually used as a measure of classification performance. This measure is, however, known to have several defects. A fair evaluation criterion should exclude the influence of the class probabilities which may enable a completely uninformed classifier to trivially achieve high classification accuracy. In this paper a method for evaluating the information score of a classifier's answers is proposed. It excludes the influence of prior probabilities, deals with various types of imperfect or probabilistic answers and can be used also for comparing the performance in different domains. 相似文献
73.
Memory loss in retrograde amnesia has long been held to be larger for recent periods than for remote periods, a pattern usually referred to as the Ribot gradient. One explanation for this gradient is consolidation of long-term memories. Several computational models of such a process have shown how consolidation can explain characteristics of amnesia, but they have not elucidated how consolidation must be envisaged. Here findings are reviewed that shed light on how consolidation may be implemented in the brain. Moreover, consolidation is contrasted with alternative theories of the Ribot gradient. Consolidation theory, multiple trace theory, and semantization can all handle some findings well but not others. Conclusive evidence for or against consolidation thus remains to be found. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
74.
An Interval Fuzzy Multiobjective Watershed Management Model for the Lake Qionghai Watershed, China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Lijing Wang Wei Meng Huaicheng Guo Zhenxing Zhang Yong Liu Yingying Fan 《Water Resources Management》2006,20(5):701-721
Integrated watershed management is required to ensure the reasonable use of resources and reconcile interactions among natural and human systems. In the present study, an interval fuzzy multiobjective programming (IFMOP) method was used to solve an integrated watershed management problem. Based on system analysis, an IFMOP model suitable for a lake watershed system {IFMOPLWS} was developed and applied to the Lake Qionghai watershed in China. Scenario analysis and an interactive approach were used in the solution process. In this manner, various system components were incorporated into one framework for holistic consideration and optimization. Integrality and uncertainty, as well as the multiobjective and dynamic characteristics of the watershed system, were well addressed. Using two scenarios, two planning schemes were generated. Agriculture, tourism, macroeconomics, cropland use, water supply, forest coverage, soil erosion, and water pollution were fully interpreted and compared to identify a preferable planning alternative for local agencies. This study showed that the IFMOPLWS is a powerful tool for integrated watershed management planning and can provide a solid base for sustainable watershed management. 相似文献
75.
76.
This study examines the links between antecedents and consequences of Gabonese teachers' (N= 152) work motivation. The theoretical underpinnings are based on the Motivational Model of Job Burnout (MMJB) which is grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and states that the more supervisors satisfy an employee's need for self-determination, competence, and relatedness, the more self-determined is the latter's work motivation. The level of self-determined motivation has an impact on job satisfaction, which in turn determines life satisfaction. Higher levels of self-determined motivation also buffer emotional exhaustion and psychological distress. The model was confirmed via structural equation modeling and provides support for the validity and generalizability of the MMJB and SDT. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
77.
Moshe Eisenberger 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,57(11):1603-1614
This work presents the derivation of the exact dynamic stiffness matrix for a high‐order beam element. The terms are found directly from the solutions of the differential equations that describe the deformations of the cross‐section according to the high‐order theory, which include cubic variation of the axial displacements over the cross‐section of the beam. The model has six degrees of freedom at the two ends, one transverse displacement and two rotations, and the end forces are a shear force and two end moments. Using the dynamic stiffness matrix exact vibration frequencies for beams with various combinations of boundary conditions are tabulated and compared with results from the Bernoulli–Euler and Timoshenko beam models. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Many-Body Terms in van der Waals Cohesion Energy of Nanotubes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We have developed a model for the calculation of van der Waals force for layered systems with axial symmetry. Our result can be applied to compute the cohesion of a carbon nanotube to a substrate, the cohesion between nanotubes, and between shells of multiwall nanotubes. We have obtained unusal power laws for the distance dependence of the many-body van der Waals potential. 相似文献
79.
This paper reports the findings of a detailed study of Web-based systems design (WBSD) practices in Ireland based on data
collected over a 3-year period (2002–2005), the objectives of which were to (1) contribute towards a richer understanding
of the current “real-world” context of WBSD by characterising the profile of a typical project (team size, timeframe, nature
of requirements, etc.) and identifying the key challenges, constraints, and imperatives (i.e. “mediating factors”) faced by
Web-based system designers, and (2) understand how those contextual parameters and mediating factors influence the activity
of WBSD as regards the selection and enactment of whatever design practices are therefore engaged (i.e. the use of methods,
procedures, etc.). Data was gathered through a survey which yielded 165 usable responses, and later through a series of semi-structured
qualitative interviews. Using grounded theory, an explanatory conceptual framework is derived, based on an extension of the
“method-in-action” model, the application of which to WBSD has not been previously investigated in depth. It is proposed that
this framework of WBSD issues is valuable in a number of ways to educators, researchers, practitioners, and method engineers. 相似文献
80.
Michael Bowling 《Artificial Intelligence》2002,136(2):215-250
Learning to act in a multiagent environment is a difficult problem since the normal definition of an optimal policy no longer applies. The optimal policy at any moment depends on the policies of the other agents. This creates a situation of learning a moving target. Previous learning algorithms have one of two shortcomings depending on their approach. They either converge to a policy that may not be optimal against the specific opponents' policies, or they may not converge at all. In this article we examine this learning problem in the framework of stochastic games. We look at a number of previous learning algorithms showing how they fail at one of the above criteria. We then contribute a new reinforcement learning technique using a variable learning rate to overcome these shortcomings. Specifically, we introduce the WoLF principle, “Win or Learn Fast”, for varying the learning rate. We examine this technique theoretically, proving convergence in self-play on a restricted class of iterated matrix games. We also present empirical results on a variety of more general stochastic games, in situations of self-play and otherwise, demonstrating the wide applicability of this method. 相似文献