Charge Transfer Variability in Misfit Layer Compounds: Comparison of SnS-SnS2 and LaS-TaS2

The present paper compares and discusses two selected misfit (layer) compounds exemplarily, namely SnS-SnS₂ and LaS-TaS₂. We have employed a density-functional theory-based approach to calculate structural, energetic, and electronic properties of these structures. We have put emphasis on the difference between single layers, combined double-layer systems and periodically stacked bulk structures. Especially the varying magnitudes of charge transfer between the sublayers were studied. We demonstrate how the chemical constitution of the sublayers affects the interlayer interactions: these may be a weak non-bonding van-der-Waals dominated interlayer interaction as in SnS-SnS₂ and many other layered structures or a strong interaction related to a remarkable charge transfer between the layers as in LaS-TaS₂.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Formation Mechanisms of Lanthanum Tin Pyrochlore Oxide

Well-defined La₂Sn₂O₇ with a phase-pure pyrochlore structure was produced by hydrothermal synthesis at temperatures as low as 200°C. Production of phase-pure La₂Sn₂O₇ requires a pH above 10, and higher pH accelerates the crystallization process. The synthesis produced spherical particles of average particle size ∼0.59 μm (±0.12) and surface area ∼14.1 m²/g. SEM and TEM observation for morphologic evolution and kinetic analysis during crystallization indicated that La₂Sn₂O₇ formation probably proceeds via a two-step reaction. First a transient dissolution–precipitation occurs. Then the primary crystallites aggregate because of their colloidal instability, and heterocoagulation with the lanthanum hydrous oxide precursor particles also occurs. The sluggish reaction rate at the later stage of reaction is characterized by an in situ transformation, where the soluble tin species is diffused through the porous La₂Sn₂O₇ aggregates to react with entrapped lanthanum precursors.     

Short Crack R-Curves in Ferroelectric and Electrostrictive PLZT

This work describes the measurement of R -curve behavior in ferroelectric ceramics using four-point bend specimens with controlled semielliptical surface cracks. The results are compared for two compositions of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate. One exhibits ferroelastic behavior, the other electrostrictive linear elastic behavior. R -curves are measured in the crack length regime of 0.1 to 0.8 mm. The ferroelastic composition displays a toughness increase from 0.5 to 1.2 MPa·m^1/2. The linear elastic composition displays a flat R -curve. The R -curve behavior is attributed to ferroelastic toughening.     

磁控溅射LaB6薄膜光学性能研究

采用磁控溅射法在玻璃基片上沉积LaB6薄膜。通过改变溅射功率参数,获得最佳制备工艺条件。采用XPS、X射线衍射仪和分光光度计研究薄膜的成分、结构、晶向以及透过率。当溅射功率为44 W,氩气气压为1.5 Pa,氩气流量为27 sccm时制备的LaB6薄膜表面相对平整,结构致密。 XRD数据也表明,此时LaB6薄膜结晶度最高且(110)晶面发生明显的择优生长。同时分光光度计结果显示：薄膜的透过率随溅射时间的增加而降低,并且最高透过率对应的波长没有发生变化。     

Simultaneous oxidation of aromatic compounds using Sr-doped lanthanum manganites as catalysts

Strontium-doped lanthanum manganites, La_1-xSr_xMnO₃ (LSMO), are promising and affordable catalysts for oxidative degradation of volatile organic compounds. LSMO catalysts (x = 0, .1, .2, and .3) were prepared by the citrate-nitrate autocombustion (CNA) and coprecipitation synthesis. The phase composition was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement analysis, while the oxygen content was determined by Mohr's salt permanganate titration. Morphology and porosity of prepared catalysts was correlated to catalytic oxidation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene. It was observed that both synthesis methods yielded catalysts of similar average pore size diameter and specific surface area, but the pore size distribution differed: CNA-prepared catalysts had a multimodal pore size distribution, while the coprecipitated ones had a single maximum at 4 nm. Catalysts prepared by the CNA method have shown a higher catalytic activity in the temperature range 373–723 K, as the presence of Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ mixed valences increased their reducibility.     

Novel Pt/La1−xBixOF/SBA-16 catalysts for liquid-phase phenol oxidation

Novel catalysts of Pt/La_1−xBi_xOF/SBA-16 (SBA-16: Santa Barbara Amorphous No. 16) were synthesized, and their catalytic activities for phenol decomposition in the liquid phase were investigated. Lanthanum oxyfluoride (LaOF) was selected as the promoter due to its contribution to the smooth migration of oxygen species in the lattice and the acceleration of phenol adsorption on the catalyst surface. Reducible Bi³⁺ ions were introduced in the LaOF lattice to provide oxygen supply ability to LaOF. Among the prepared catalysts, the highest activity was obtained for the 7 wt% Pt/16 wt% La_0.99Bi_0.01OF/SBA-16 catalyst, which could remove 97% of phenol after 5 h of reaction at 80°C in an open-air atmosphere.     

La2O3改性树脂基制动材料的摩擦学性能

通过定速摩擦试验、CHASE摩擦试验及磨损表面形貌观察等方法探讨La₂O₃含量对稀土La₂O₃改性树脂基制动材料的摩擦磨损性能、抗热衰退性能与恢复性能的影响。定速摩擦试验结果表明,制动材料中添加适量La₂O₃可有效提高其摩擦因数,降低其磨损率,同时还可增加其摩擦因数的稳定性;其中,添加20% La₂O₃试样的综合摩擦学性能为最优。CHASE摩擦试验结果表明,La₂O₃的加入可有效提高复合材料的抗热衰退性能与恢复性能。     

A study of the influence of lanthanum fluoride on the tribological properties of bonded solid film lubricants and its mechanism of function

The influence of lanthanum fluoride (LaF₃) on the characteristics of phenolepoxy-bonded MoS₂ dry films was investigated. The functional mechanism was specifically studied using several analytical means. The results showed that the wear life of dry films containing a certain amount of LaF₃ was considerably increased over that of the films without LaF₃. However, the effect of LaF₃ on the friction coefficient of the dry films was shown to be negligible. It was found that the addition of LaF₃ is effective in reducing the oxidation tendency of MoS₂ in the films during the friction process. The reason for this is investigated by the authors.     

Effect of lanthanum doping on water content and diffusion properties of corundum for producing transparent ceramics

The effect of doping corundum with lanthanum on the content of water and other gas impurities, on the diffusion characteristics, on the unit cell size and static strength of fine-crystalline corundum synthesized under thermovapours conditions in a supercritical water fluid was studied.Content, release and diffusion coefficients of water and other volatile impurities in corundum were measured by kinetic thermodesorption mass spectrometry. Water is the main volatile impurity in fine-crystalline corundum. It was found that the introduction of lanthanum into the structure of corundum reduces several times the content of water and other gas-liquid impurities. An increase in the diffusion coefficient of water during the doping of corundum with lanthanum leads to an increase in the degassing rate of fine-crystalline raw materials. When doping corundum, lanthanum, being localized in structural defects, not only displaces structural hydroxyl groups with the formation of strong aluminate-like bonds, but also decreases in the unit cell and increases in the average static strength of the crystals. La-doped corundum, due to the reduced content of water and other gas impurities, is a promising raw material for the production of transparent ceramics.     

用2－（5－溴－2－吡啶偶氮）－5－二乙氨基苯光度法测定镍合金镀层中的镧

叙述镧（Ⅲ）－２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯酚（在ＰＶＡ和ＣＰＢ存在下）胶束增溶配合物的特性。ｐＨ＝１０．１时，Ｌａ３＋与２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯酚（在ＰＶＡ、ＣＰＢ存在下）生成１：４的紫红色配合物。配合物最大吸收峰在６０５ｎｍ，其摩尔吸光系数ε为１．０×１０５Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ。该配合物形成稳定常数（ＬＯｇβ）为１５．９。０～８０μｇＬａ３＋／５０ｍＬ，服从朗伯－比尔定律。此法用于测定镍基合金镀层中的镧，结果令人满意。