On the probability theory on MV algebras

 The paper contains a review of some results concerning probability theory on MV algebras (laws of large numbers, central limit theorem, martingale convergence theorem). Also some algebraic and methodical aspects are discussed.     

A national cross-sectional study in the Danish wood and furniture industry on working postures and manual materials handling

Musculoskeletal disorders constitute a major problem in the wood and furniture industry and identification of risk factors is needed urgently. Therefore, exposures to different work tasks and variation in the job were recorded based on an observation survey in combination with an interview among 281 employees working in wood working and painting departments. A questionnaire survey confirmed high frequencies of symptoms from the musculoskeletal system: The one-year prevalence of symptoms from the low back was 42% and symptoms from the neck/shoulder was 40%. The exposure was evaluated based on: (1) classification of work tasks, (2) work cycle time, (3) manual materials handling, (4) working postures, and (5) variation in die job. Among the employees 47% performed feeding or clearing of machines, 35% performed wood working or painting materials, and 18% performed various other operations. Among the employees 20% had no variation in their job while 44% had little variation. Manual materials handling of 375 different burdens was observed, which most often occurred during feeding or clearing of machines. The weight of burdens lifted was 0·5-87·0 kg, where 2% had a weight of more than 50 kg. Among the lifting conditions 30% were evaluated as implying a risk of injury. An additional risk factor was the high total tonnage lifted per day, which was estimated to range from 132 kg to 58 800 kg. Working postures implied a risk of injury due to prolonged forward and lateral flexions of the neck, which was seen most frequently during wood working or painting materials. These data substantiate the finding that work tasks mainly during feeding or clearing of machines imply a risk of injury to the low back and a risk of injury to the neck and shoulder area mainly during wood working or painting materials. Optimal strategies for job redesign may be worked out by using these data in order to prevent occupational musculoskeletal disorders.     

小导管注浆粘土隧道破坏机制的试验与理论研究

运用Acutronic 661型离心机研究超前小导管注浆加固圆形隧道的塑性变形机制,试验隧道在平面应变条件下的超固结粘土中开挖,小导管采用具有一定硬度的合成树脂模拟,管间相互重叠形成拱形加固区,设置在圆形隧道拱顶。模型地表沉降采用位移传感器进行测量,地下位移则通过一种连续的图形采样分析系统获取。目的在于研究隧道建设过程中小导管注浆“拱顶加固”工艺对地表沉降和隧道稳定性的影响。在此基础上,从塑性极限分析上限法的基本原理出发,构建小导管注浆粘土隧道的垮落机制,采用解析法导出稳定率上限方程,通过该方程进一步讨论隧道埋深、土体强度、小导管注浆体对单圆形隧道稳定率上限解的影响。最后,由离心模型试验结果证实其上限解的正确性。     

建筑材料中放射性核素限量标准的探讨

《建筑材料放射性核素限量》（GB6566—2001）结束了我国建材标准长期不统一的局面，规定了对建材中放射性实现强制检定的要求，但在装修材料分类、空心材料、废渣利用、测量方法等方面存在着一些不合理的规定。与以往的国家标准相比。对建材中的放射性控制明显放宽，甚至比原来的建材行业标准对石材的控制还要宽，影响了公众的辐射防护安全。对此进行了详细的分析和讨论。     

建设项目的投资工期和质量控制

根据监理工作实践，论述了投资、工期和质量的控制，提出控制工期是保证投资效益的重要途径，控制质量是保证工程投资的有效手段；设计阶段是投资控制的重要环节。     

两个更一般的求极限公式

推广了文献[1～3]的结果，给出了两个更为一般的求极限公式。     

浅论拱坝坝肩抗震稳定

本文从拱坝震害,分析了拱坝抗震的特点、薄弱部位和坝肩动力失稳的过程,指出了拱坝坝肩抗震稳定分析与边坡稳定分析的不同之处,探讨了失稳安全系数的定义和意义,最后,回顾了基于现行抗震规范要求的刚体极限平衡方法并指出了其局限性,以及“九五”攻关期间所采取的改进措施,提出了更切近实际,能反应拱坝抗震稳定诸特点,从概念和方法上都有别于传统的刚体极根平衡法的新的拱坝坝肩抗震稳定分析方法,以及与之相配套的以坝体为主体的坝肩岩体稳定的工程安全准则。     

Axial offset control of PWR nuclear reactor core using intelligent techniques

Improved load following capability is one of the main technical performances of advanced PWR (APWR). Controlling the nuclear reactor core during load following operation encounters some difficulties. These difficulties mainly arise from nuclear reactor core limitations in local power peaking, while the core is subject to large and sharp variation of local power density during transients. Axial offset (AO) is the parameter usually used to represent of core power peaking, in form of a practical parameter. This paper, proposes a new intelligent approach to AO control of PWR nuclear reactors core during load following operation. This method uses a neural network model of the core to predict the dynamic behavior of the core and a fuzzy critic based on the operator knowledge and experience for the purpose of decision-making during load following operations. Simulation results show that this method can use optimum control rod groups maneuver with variable overlapping and may improve the reactor load following capability.     

考虑动作误差的低励限制与失磁保护定值配合方法研究

关于低励限制与失磁保护定值匹配的研究多聚焦于将其转换到同一功率平面或阻抗平面进行校核的方法,鲜有文献考虑实际装置动作特性对定值匹配结果的影响。该文从理论上详细分析各参数变化对失磁保护和低励限制的影响,提出基于装置动作误差的低励限制与失磁保护定值匹配校核原则,并论述定值失配时的定值调整方法,为当前各发电厂开展低励限制与失磁保护定值校核及整定提供了有效指导原则。     

相依随机序列滑动平均的若干极限定理

基于服从指数分布的独立随机变量序列,构造带参数的滑动似然比,给出任意随机序列的用不等式表示的强极限定理,即小偏差定理。所得结果推广了已有结论。