The effect of α phase on the deformation mechanisms of β titanium alloys

The effects of α and β phase interactions on the tensile and creep deformation behavior of β titanium alloys was studied using Ti-6.0wt.% Mn and Ti-8.1wt.%V as the model two-phase alloys, and Ti-13.0wt.%Mn and Ti-14.8wt.%V as the single-phase β alloys. The β phase of α-βTi-8.1V deforms by stress-induced hexagonal martensite (α′), while slip and twinning occurs in the single-phase β alloy with the same chemistry as the β phase. No stress-induced martensite was observed in the β or α-βTi-Mn alloys. This behavior is modeled in terms of a number of factors, including elastic interaction stresses between the α and β phases, coherency between the α phase and hexagonal martensite, and β phase stability. This paper was presented at the Beta Titanium Alloys of the 00’s Symposium sponsored by the Titanium Committee of TMS, held during the 2005 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition, February 13–16, 2005 in San Francisco, CA.     

节能降碳的蓄热式加热炉烟气反吹关键技术

摘要：蓄热式加热工艺是大型钢铁企业轧钢工序普遍采用的加热技术,但该工艺高频率换向蓄热燃烧导致公共管道内的燃气交替排入大气造成环境污染和能源浪费,使其成为钢铁生产流程中少有未进行污染物治理的生产工序。基于消除蓄热式加热炉热工制度缺陷,系统介绍了蓄热式加热炉烟气反吹扫技术及与之匹配的加热炉烟气反吹安全联锁与防爆技术、烟气反吹工艺设计与时序调控技术。该成果应用于某钢铁企业蓄热式加热炉（160t/h）建设国内首套换向残留燃气反吹技术示范线,该加热炉燃气放散体积分数由9.0%降低至0.208%,CO放散减排率达92%以上,轧钢燃气耗量节约4.38%。其后承建多家钢铁企业19条蓄热式轧钢加热炉烟气反吹改造工程,均取得较好效果,节能、环保及社会效益显著,同时减少碳氧化物的排放量,助力国家实现双碳目标。     

Microstructures and Plastic Anisotropy of As—Cast Low Carbon Steel Strips

对比研究了低碳钢带铸材不同处理状态钢带和薄板铸坯中不同位置切片的组织特征、晶体学织构和15％工程应变条件下的塑性异向性．结果表明，带铸材试样中存在{111}与{114}特征织构，织构强度均较弱；铸坯切片中存在{111}与{001}特征织构，并且因局部凝固冷速不同存在明显的织构强度差异．两组低碳钢的法向异向性与平均晶粒尺寸的对数之间尽管均存在线性关系，但斜率明显不同．分析表明法向异向性的晶粒尺寸依存性与钢带中织构的强弱有关，由此提出了“有效织构强度比”的概念，从塑性变形理论的角度解释了微观组织对塑性异向性的影响．     

SOLUTION BEHAVIOUR OF VARIOUS ALLOYING ELEMENTS IN Ni_3Si

The solid solubilities of 15 common alloying elements added to the Ll_2-type intermetalliccompound Ni_3Si at 900°C have been estimated,and their substitution modes have been de-duced from the direction of solubility lobe of the compound.It is shown that the alloyingbehaviours in Ni_3Si are determined by both size and electronic factors,i.e.,the substitutionmode is governed by electronic configuration and solubility by the both.An interactionparameter is presented to describe quantitatively the influence of electronic configuration onsubstitution mode and the solubility limit can be successfully explained together with atom radius.     

复合材料凝固过程中的颗粒/界面行为数学模型

根据颗粒增强金属基复合材料凝固过程中的颗粒 /界面作用微观机理 ,导出颗粒附近温度场 ,液 /固界面形状 ,颗粒受力情况及颗粒吞并 /推移临界条件数学模型。分析了热导率、颗粒尺寸和凝固速度不同对颗粒 /界面行为的影响。     

碳钢与不锈钢在腐蚀浆料中冲刷腐蚀交互作用的定量研究

用失重法和电化学法系统地研究了碳钢与不锈钢在腐蚀浆料中冲刷与腐蚀的交互作用及其电化学行为。试验表明：①冲刷腐蚀和动态纯腐蚀极化曲线与静态纯腐蚀极化曲线截然不同，两者的腐蚀机理存在本质的差异；②T8钢以腐蚀失重为主，18—8不锈钢以冲刷失重为主，两者的冲刷腐蚀交互作用失重率占其总失重率的60%以上，表明耐蚀不耐磨的18—8不锈钢和耐磨不耐蚀的T8钢在冲刷腐蚀工况中均难以胜任；③T8钢的冲刷腐蚀失重率和交互作用失重平均是18—8不锈钢的6倍以上，表明在液固两相流冲刷腐蚀工况中，材料必须首先具有一定的耐蚀性，然后再考虑提高材料的硬度和耐磨性，这样才能有效地提高材料的耐冲刷腐蚀性能。     

Unsteady extinction mechanism of nonpremixed flame interacting with a vortex

The extinction mechanism of a CH₄/N₂-air counterflow nonpremixed flame interacting with a single vortex was numerically studied. An augmented reduced mechanism was used to treat the CH₄ oxidation reactions. The contribution of each term in the energy and the OH species equations were evaluated to investigate the unsteady extinction mechanism of nonpremixed flame. The flame temperature began to decrease due to the convection heat loss when the flame interacted with a vortex. The investigation of the radical behavior during the flame-vortex interaction process also provided useful information on the unsteady extinction mechanism. The OH radical concentration could be used as a good tracer of the state of the unsteady extinction of nonpremixed flame. The reduction mechanism of OH concentration was confirmed by analyzing the contribution of each term in the OH species equation. At initial stage of flame-vortex interaction, the OH production and consumption rates increased gradually, while the OH concentration was kept nearly constant. Near the extinction limit, the OH production rate decreased rapidly due to the low flame temperature, and the balance between the OH production and OH consumption by diffusion could not be maintained. The unsteady nonpremixed flame interacting with a vortex under the conditions of regime (V) shown in the spectral combustion diagram [Thévenin, D., Renard, P.H., Fiechtner, G.J., Gord, J.R., Rolon, J.C., 2000. Regimes of non-premixed flame-vortex interactions. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 28, 2101-2108.] was finally extinguished due to low reactivity, which was induced by the low flame temperature.     

Metallochemical Analysis of the Reaction in a Mixture of Nickel and Aluminum Powders

Phaseformation processes are considered at the level of a mesocell of a mixture with the use of the state diagram for a binary system. Consecutive schemes of metallochemical reactions of formation and decomposition of intermetallide compounds in a mixture of nickel and aluminum powders are suggested. The problem of diffusion annealing of this mixture is numerically solved for two different conditions: at a constant temperature and at a temperature slowly increasing by a linear law.     

用兰纳-琼斯位能和单参数Wilson方程预测汽液平衡

根据兰纳-琼斯位能提出计算Wilson方程中同类分子间能量参数gii的一个简便方法,用于单参数Wilson方程可成功地预测二元体系气液平衡,预测精度与已有方法相当,且仅需要纯物质的Tc,Pc,Zc数据。     

正负离子表面活性剂相互作用的理论和实验研究

Typical cationic and anionic surfactants were chosen and their interactions were calculated by quantumchemical method. Interaction energies are -0.2378kJ·mol~(-1),-3.3394kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.1204kJ·mol~(-1) for the molec-ular pairs with fluocarbon and hydrocarbon chain: C_4H_(10)/C_5H_(12), C_4F_(10)/C_5H_(12), and C_4F_(10)/C_5F_(12), respectively.When hydrophilic group with cationic and anionicions is introduced, interaction energies are -287.40kJ·mol~(-1),-311.18kJ·mol~(-1) and -345.83kJ·mol~(-1). The results show that there is strong static interaction between cationicand anionic surfactants. It has been predicted that mixed monolayer may be formed and surface activity is en-hanced favorably, especially for mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants with fluocarbon and hydrocarbonchains. The anionic surfactants, sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate perfluopolyetherbenzenesulonate(ANF-Ⅰ)wassynthesized, mixture effects of ANF-Ⅰ with sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate or dodecyldimethyl benzylammonium