Salicin regulates the expression of functional 'youth gene clusters' to reflect a more youthful gene expression profile

There are a variety of biological mechanisms that contribute to specific characteristics of ageing skin; for example, the loss of skin structure proteins, increased susceptibility to UV-induced pigmentation and/or loss of hydration. Each of these biological processes is influenced by specific groups of genes. In this research, we have identified groups of genes associated with specific clinical signs of skin ageing and refer to these as functional 'youth gene clusters'. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to investigate the effects of topical application of salicin in regulating the expression of functional 'youth gene clusters' to reflect a more youthful skin profile and reduce the appearance of attributes associated with skin ageing. Results showed that salicin significantly influences the gene expression profiles of treated human equivalent full-thickness skin, by regulating the expression of genes associated with various biological processes involving skin structure, skin hydration, pigmentation and cellular differentiation. Based on the findings from this experiment, salicin was identified as a key ingredient that may regulate functional 'youth gene clusters' to reflect a more youthful gene expression profile by increasing the expression of genes responsible for youthful skin and decreasing the expression of genes responsible for the appearance of aged skin.     

基于温控负荷的孤岛微电网建模与控制

针对风能的随机性和不确定性,在综合考虑需求侧作用机理和储能系统的协调作用下,纳入需求侧响应,建立孤岛微电网的模型。储能系统采用电压-频率控制实现孤岛微电网的电压和频率稳定,采用功率-无功功率控制实现风电机组的最大功率跟踪控制;考虑用户的选择意愿,以冰箱为例,提出一种适用于温控负荷的变参与度控制策略,协同储能系统进行孤岛微电网的功率控制。基于MATLAB/Simulink环境,建立了含有风电电源、储能系统及冰箱的孤岛微电网模型。仿真结果验证了控制策略的可行性,并在保证用户用能舒适的同时,有效减小对储能装置的容量需求。     

光伏微网系统的混合逻辑动态建模

将混杂系统理论及混合逻辑动态(MLD)模型的建模方法引入到光伏微网的研究中。光伏微网在运行过程中存在储能单元充电和放电这两个连续状态,而这两个状态的切换又属于离散事件,因此可以看作一个混杂系统。分析了光伏微网系统的混杂特性,根据系统能量平衡原理及状态转换关系,建立了其MLD模型。仿真及试验分析验证了所建模型的正确性和有效性。     

基于Benders分解的微电网联网运行优化

针对联网运行的微电网,对其优化潮流(OPF)问题进行扩展,同时考虑机组组合(UC),建立微电网优化运行模型。针对模型中含有大量混合0/1决策变量和连续运行变量的求解,采用Benders分解方法将变量分离,在无网络约束UC主问题和网络约束OPF子问题之间迭代求解。在改造后的IEEE 13节点系统上进行了算例分析,表明所提方法可以快速可靠地优化微电网系统的运行。     

微电网CPS物理端融合模型设计

基于微电网信息物理融合系统(CPS)的架构体系,分析了微电网CPS的信息资源环境特征,提出了针对微电网CPS中电气物理设备端节点的融合模型,其本质为一种依附于电气物理设备工作状态的微电网CPS云端计算融合模型;模型充分挖掘物理设备终端节点所被赋予的信息资源,各层次的任务有序地分配到核心服务器节点、集群服务器节点和物理设备端节点上,以达到所有信息资源高效利用的目的;为了满足能够在微电网"即插即用"控制策略下灵活调度和管理大量物理设备端节点的信息资源,提出一种新颖的环形协同管理机制,该机制能够有效地增加物理设备端节点的工作稳定性,减轻上层节点的计算负担;最后给出了具有参考意义的基于融合模型的设计方案。     

Neuronal classification and distribution in the central nervous system of the female mud crab,Scylla olivacea

The mud crab, Scylla olivacea, is one of the most economically valuable marine species in Southeast Asian countries. However, commercial cultivation is disadvantaged by reduced reproductive capacity in captivity. Therefore, an understanding of the general and detailed anatomy of central nervous system (CNS) is required before investigating the distribution and functions of neurotransmitters, neurohormones, and other biomolecules, involved with reproduction. We found that the anatomical structure of the brain is similar to other crabs. However, the ventral nerve cord (VNC) is unlike other caridian and dendrobrachiate decapods, as the subesophageal (SEG), thoracic and abdominal ganglia are fused, due to the reduction of abdominal segments and the tail. Neurons in clusters within the CNS varied in sizes, and we found that there were five distinct size classes (i.e., very small globuli, small, medium, large, and giant). Clusters in the brain and SEG contained mainly very small globuli and small‐sized neurons, whereas, the VNC contained small‐, medium‐, large‐, and giant‐sized neurons. We postulate that the different sized neurons are involved in different functions. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:189–200, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

OPNET在微网通信系统仿真中的应用

针对微网通信系统存在的实时性问题,将变电站自动化系统的全球通信标准IEC61850应用到微网通信系统中。建立了基于IEC61850标准的3层微网通信结构,并对微网中的通信业务进行了分析和建模,提出了利用网络仿真软件OPNET对微网通信系统的实时性进行仿真的方法。在OPNET网络仿真平台上,以系统的整体通信延时、保护和控制业务延时和不同节点的延时为研究对象,对采用两种不同链路速率(10 Mbit/s、100 Mbit/s)的微网通信延时进行了试验。研究结果表明,10 Mbit/s的链路带宽基本能满足微网通信系统的整体实时性能要求,但在网络业务流增多时某些业务易出现延时发散,而采用100 Mbit/s的通信链路能较好地全面满足微网通信系统的实时性要求,为微网通信系统带宽的选择以及其他业务的建模提供了一定的参考。     

天然气价格对热电联产微网系统运行影响的研究

分布式热电联产技术可以极大地提高能源利用效率,优化能源供应结构,服务节能减排,是高效利用天然气的有效手段。在分析热电联产的优点、总结在浙江发展分布式热电联产项目的有利条件后,对含分布式热电联产的微网系统进行了建模,并通过仿真算例分析了天然气价格对含热电联产微网系统运行的影响。     

微电网在我国电网的应用前景

分析了我国电网建设的现状及美国、欧洲和日本微电网的发展现状,探讨了微电网概念以及微电网的结构,并给出了微电网的经典示意图,展望了微电网对于中国电网发展的重要意义,提出了国内微电网研究的思考和应考虑的一些问题。     

以AMI为核心的智能配用电技术体系研究

在分析各国智能电网的内涵、目标的基础上,结合实际,提出涵盖配用电环节的4个技术体系;并对高级计量体系(AMI)在各国的应用情况进行分析总结,提出以AMI为核心的配用电技术体系,认为我国需要首先建设AMI体系,利用智能电表实现配电自动化和用电互动.