Kosha: A Peer-to-Peer Enhancement for the Network File System

The storage needs of modern scientific applications are growing exponentially, and designing economical storage solutions for such applications – especially in Grid environments – is an important research topic. This work presents Kosha, a system that aims to harvest redundant storage space on cluster nodes and user desktops to provide a reliable, shared file system that acts as a large distributed storage. Kosha utilizes peer-to-peer (p2p) mechanisms to enhance the widely-used Network File System (NFS). P2P storage systems provide location transparency, mobility transparency, load balancing, and file replication – features that are not available in NFS. On the other hand, NFS provides hierarchical file organization, directory listings, and file permissions, which are missing from p2p storage systems. By blending the strengths of NFS and p2p storage systems, Kosha provides a low overhead storage solution. Our experiments show that compared to unmodified NFS, Kosha introduces a 3.3% fixed overhead and 4.5% additional overhead as nodes are increased from two to sixteen. For larger number of nodes, the additional overhead increases slowly. Kosha achieves load balancing in distributed directories, and guarantees or better file availability.*This work was supported in part by an NSF CAREER award (ACI-0238379).Troy A. Johnson was supported by a U.S. Department of Education GAANN doctoral fellowship.     

无线传感器网络中基于树的动态多路径容错路由协议

多路径路由对无线传感器网络的负载均衡和容错能力等方面都有一定改善作用。在研究一些多路径路由算法的基础上,对分层的无线传感器网络路由进行探索,提出了一种基于树的动态多路径路由的生成方法,快速获得当前节点的主路径与备用路径。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效地均衡网络负载、减少时延、提高网络的可靠性。     

Effect of automatic image realignment on visuomotor coordination in simulated laparoscopic surgery

During laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon's hand-eye coordination is often disrupted by the incongruent mapping between the orientation of the endoscopic view and the actual operative field. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of automatic image realignment on the performance of laparoscopic surgery. The first experiment investigated how visual-motor misalignment impacted laparoscopic surgery performance. Novice subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two paired viewing conditions in a simulated laparoscopic surgery environment: 1) the endoscope was either at the center of the modeled workspace with an optical axis of 90°, or at -45° from the midline of the subjects with an optical axis 45°; 2) the endoscope was either at 0°, or at 180° from the midline of the subjects, both with an optical axis of 45°. Each group of twelve subjects performed a dynamic point-and-touch task under the assigned pair of viewing conditions, each with eight image orientations, in a repeated-measures mixed design. The second experiment examined whether the automatic realigning mechanism that was activated mid-task (such that a congruent mapping between display and control was re-established if the mapping at the beginning of the task had been misaligned) was helpful to improve performance. Twelve novice subjects performed the same task as in the first experiment in a repeated-measures design. Performance was examined under three misaligned visuomotor mappings, each followed by the realigned mapping activated by the automatic realigning mechanism. Results showed that performance was best when the endoscopic image was perfectly aligned with the actual task space (0° image orientation), but degraded progressively as a function of deviation from perfect alignment. Subjects' performance maintained a consistent pattern across 8 image orientations regardless of optical axis orientation and endoscope location. Performance was improved with the automatic realigning mechanism. It is recommended that any solution to restore the visuomotor congruency in laparoscopic surgery should first align the image with the task space. This work has implications for the design of visualization systems in laparoscopic surgery.     

基于损伤容限设计的冶金桥式起重机疲劳寿命研究

以180t×24．85m冶金桥式起重机为研究对象,通过无损探伤发现桥架北主梁的下盖板上有裂纹,应用有限元分析和损伤容限设计方：去对起重机裂纹的疲劳寿命进行计算。结果表明,起重机裂纹扩展到临界尺寸需要大约5年的时间。     

容错的网络声明式程序

介绍了基于递归规则的网络声明式语言Netlog的语法和分布式不动点语义,定义了强良好的程序,并证明了强良好的程序的计算结果对有限的消息丢失不敏感.     

大功率硅整流电能计量装置的改造

分析了造成大功率硅整流交流电能计量装置计量误差大的原因，介绍了具体的改造内容。通过改造减小了电能计量装置综合误差，节省了费用。     

基于特征的三维装配尺寸／公差链生成研究

针对目前基于特征的尺寸／公差链生成主要集中于二维的情况，本文进行了三维装配尺寸／公差链生成的研究。基于特征的尺寸工程语义的表达以及基于特征自由度变动的三维公差信息的表示，给出了三维尺寸／公差信息的公差图存储结构；在分析零件配合关系及建立装配特征关联矩阵的基础上，提出了根据产品装配特征和指定封闭环信息的装配尺寸／公差链自动生成算法，该算法考虑到零件特征配合的方向性，可以简化装配尺寸／公差链自动生成的复杂度；通过实例验证了所提出的算法，证明有效。     

基于容忍技术的入侵检测系统研究

基于入侵容忍技术（Intrusion Tolerant）的入侵检测系统可以实现在网络系统受到攻击时仍能够为合法用户提供连续的服务。系统中，安全状态的确定及相互之间的转换是容忍技术实现的前提。介绍在入侵检测系统中引入容忍技术，并给出了系统模型和工作原理。     

热电偶测温中的误差校正方法

通常,温度参数的测量，一般只能根据某些物质的物理特性与温度之间的函数关系．通过对这些特殊参数的间接测量而获得。换句话说，温度测量是一种非电量的电测技术。在多种多样的测温方法中,用热电偶测温是最常用的。热电偶是基于物体的热电效应．把温度信号转换成电压信号。这种测温不仅可远距离传递和记录，也可集中测量和控制,但在实际使用时，特别是在高精度多点测温系统中。参比端温度的补偿、非线性样正和整个系统零位的变化等许多因素都会直接影响其精度。对于这些问题的正确分析和合理解决,对进一步减少测量误差、提高热电偶的测温性能和对现代智能测温仪的设计将至关重要。     

弹性文件系统在电力信息系统的应用研究

信息技术和网络技术在电力工业中得到广泛应用的同时也带来了负面影响。文章介绍了电力信息系统安全的现状,在总结现有网络安全措施的基础上提出采用基于分片–冗余–分散(Fragmentation-Redundancy-Scattering,FRS)技术的弹性文件保护模型实现电力信息网络的容入侵,论述了相关技术及各个功能模块。最后将弹性文件模型应用于电力调度自动化系统中,并对该模型进行了分析和评价。