一种面向RDSM系统的基于遗传算法优化色散矩阵的方法

矩形差分空间调制（rectangular differential spatial modulation,RDSM）是一种多天线非相干调制技术,该技术频谱效率高,低功耗且无信道估计开销,特别适用于信道快速变化的车联网、物联网、6G蜂窝网络等未来通信系统。然而发射端的稀疏酉矩形空时色散矩阵（dispersion matrix,DM）的构造问题一直是个难点,而当前使用的随机搜索优化方法具有极高的计算复杂度,对此,提出了一种低复杂度遗传算法（genetic algorithm, GA）。根据秩与行列式标准最大化准则（rank and determinant criterion,RDC）的方法计算适应度值,可避免差分系统中所需的分类讨论。根据星座旋转对称性的特点,降低 GA 单次迭代的计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,优化得到的DMs（DM set）显著改善了RDSM系统误比特率（bit error rate,BER）性能,对比随机搜索,低复杂度遗传算法有效提高了RDSMS的DMs优化效率,优化DMs所需的计算复杂度约为随机搜索的0.1%。     

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with fixed and adaptive modulation

Activating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in Radio-Frequency (RF) to provide on-demand energy supply to widely deployed Internet of Everything devices is a key to the next-generation energy self-sustainable 6G network. However, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in the same RF bands is challenging. The majority of previous studies compared SWIPT performance to Gaussian signaling with an infinite alphabet, which is impossible to implement in any realistic communication system. In contrast, we study the SWIPT system in a well-known Nakagami-m wireless fading channel using practical modulation techniques with finite alphabet. The attainable rate-energy-reliability tradeoff and the corresponding rationale are revealed for fixed modulation schemes. Furthermore, an adaptive modulation-based transceiver is provided for further expanding the attainable rate-energy-reliability region based on various SWIPT performances of different modulation schemes. The modulation switching thresholds and transmit power allocation at the SWIPT transmitter and the power splitting ratios at the SWIPT receiver are jointly optimized to maximize the attainable spectrum efficiency of wireless information transfer while satisfying the WPT requirement and the instantaneous and average BER constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the SWIPT performance of various fixed modulation schemes in different fading conditions. The advantage of the adaptive modulation-based SWIPT transceiver is validated.     

双有源桥钳位变换器的简单PWM移相控制策略

针对传统移相控制方法下双有源桥变换器会产生较大电流应力和在宽电压范围下低效率运行的问题,提出一种面向双有源桥钳位变换器的简单PWM移相控制策略。首先,利用钳位开关的运行周期和占空比取代变换器内移相比,以简化原边H桥工作过程并提高控制自由度。然后,计算了副边H桥开关管的占空比。通过分析所提出的移相控制策略的工作原理和软开关特性,推导出以传输功率标幺值为控制量的线性大信号模型。最后,采用基于TMS320F2808为控制器的实验平台进行验证。实验结果展示了简单PWM移相控制降低了变换器的电压应力和电流应力,显著提升了变换器的传输效率。     

多台电力电子变压器云-边脉宽调制同步控制策略

为提升多台电力电子变压器(Power Electronic Transformer)的高频开关谐波协同控制能力,需实现高精度、高可靠的脉宽调试同步控制。本文提出一种基于“云-边”双重信息的多PET脉宽调制同步策略：在通讯系统正常运行时,PET利用“云”端发送的同步信号实现高精度的脉宽调试同步;当通讯系统故障时,PET可利用“边”端计算结果实现高可靠的脉宽调制同步。因硬件要求低,该策略易于应用。实验证明,该策略能兼顾脉宽调制同步的精度与可靠性,保证高频率开关谐波协同控制。     

一种SVPWM简化算法的设计与实现

针对传统空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）算法需要进行求反正切、求正弦、求余弦等三角运算,造成其在嵌入式MCU中实现较为复杂、计算量大的问题,介绍了一种简化的SVPWM算法。设计了一种和（a,b,c）三相参考系成逆时针90°夹角的（a'',b'',c''）参考系,使新的三相参考系和SVPWM扇区边界垂直,将（α,β）正交坐标系下的合成电压空间矢量U_s映射到（a'',b'',c''）参考系,根据a''、b''、c''轴分量的正负号直接判断矢量所在扇区。将PWM模块设置为中心对齐模式,跳过基本矢量维持时间的计算,根据标幺化的a''、b''、c''轴分量和U_s所在扇区直接计算PWM模块的占空比,采用七段式SVPWM方法实现对a、b、c三相相电压的SVPWM。所提算法简化了SVPWM中的空间矢量扇区判断和占空比计算,缩短了SVPWM的运算时间,为进一步提升逆变器的开关频率提供了空间。     

正交多载波降噪差分混沌键控通信系统

为解决多载波差分混沌移位键控(MC-DCSK)系统传输速率低和误码性能差的缺点,该文提出一种正交多载波降噪差分混沌移位键控(QMC-NR-DCSK)系统。在发送端,预定义载波用于发送参考信号,剩余M-1个不同中心频率的载波及其经正交调制技术后得到的频率相同但相位正交的载波都用于传输信息信号,此外,通过进一步引入Hilbert变换,将系统的频带利用率和传输速率提升为MC-DCSK系统的4倍。在接收端引入滑动平均滤波器的降噪操作降低了噪声的方差,从而改善了系统误码性能。推导了QMC-NR-DCSK系统在加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道和多径瑞利衰落(RFC)信道下的比特误码率公式并进行了仿真。仿真结果和理论分析表明：QMC-NR-DCSK系统能有效提升传输速率、带宽效率和误码性能,为该系统应用于多载波无线通信提供理论参考。     

带谐波补偿的T型三电平并网逆变器控制研究

为了提高光伏逆变器并网电流质量,鉴于有源滤波器的控制算法,提出了一种新型的带谐波补偿的T型三电平并网逆变器控制策略。首先,采用锁相环分析电网电压矢量相位角,并根据光伏阵列输出的功率计算光伏并网逆变器的基波输出电流。然后,通过自校正滤波器技术提取网侧负载谐波电流。最后,根据基波输出电流与负载谐波电流确定T型三电平光伏并网逆变器的开关导通序列。为验证该控制策略,搭建了基于Matlab/Simulink的仿真模型。仿真试验结果表明:该控制策略可有效改善网侧谐波电流,提高并网电流质量,在不增加设备的前提下实现光伏并网与有源滤波双重功能。该研究对于T型三电平逆变器在光伏并网及电能质量治理领域的推广应用具有重要价值。     

Single particle tracking of fluorescent nanodiamonds in cells and organisms

Ever since the discovery of fullerenes in 1985, nanocarbon has demonstrated a wide range of applications in various areas of science and engineering. Compared with metal, oxide, and semiconductor nanoparticles, the carbon-based nanomaterials have distinct advantages in both biotechnological and biomedical applications due to their inherent biocompatibility. Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) joined the nanocarbon family in 2005. It was initially developed as a contrast agent for bioimaging because it can emit bright red photoluminescence from negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers built in the diamond matrix. A notable application of this technology is to study the cytoplasmic dynamics of living cells by tracking single bioconjugated FNDs in intracellular medium. This article provides a critical review on recent advances and developments of such single particle tracking (SPT) research. It summarizes SPT and related studies of FNDs in cells (such as cancer cell lines) and organisms (including zebrafish embryos, fruit fly embryos, whole nematodes, and mice) using assorted imaging techniques.     

Excited State Modulation for Organic Afterglow: Materials and Applications

Organic afterglow materials, developed recently by breaking through the difficulties in modulating ultrafast‐decayed excited states, exhibit ultralong‐lived emission for persistent luminescence with lifetimes of several orders of magnitude longer than traditional fluorescent and phosphorescent emissions at room temperature. Their exceptional properties, namely ultralong luminescent lifetime, large Stokes shifts, facile excited state transformation, and environmentally sensitive emission, have led to a diverse range of advanced optoelectronic applications. Here, the organic afterglow is reviewed from the perspective of fundamental concepts on both phenomenon and mechanism, examining the technical challenges in relation to excited state tuning and lifetime elongation. In particular, the advances in material design strategies that afford a large variety of organic afterglow materials for a broad utility in optoelectronics including lighting and displays, anti‐counterfeiting, optical recording, chemical sensors and bio‐imaging are highlighted.