250℃下时间效应对PAN纤维热氧稳定化反应的影响及关联

借用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、元素分析(EA)、X射线衍射(XRD)和示差扫描量热分析(DSC)等手段,对比研究了热氧稳定化过程中250℃下时间效应与两种聚丙烯腈(PAN)共聚纤维及其炭纤维结构和性能之间的关联。研究结果表明,PAN纤维在250℃温区内停留超过9min时,最终热氧稳定化纤维的环化度(RCI)、体密度和芳构化指数(AI)的增加速率开始变小;炭纤维的孔含量(Vp)值与内部微晶的d002值开始增大,微晶排列的规整程度变差,缺陷增多,拉伸强度开始降低。     

A changing society and problems of method: a politically committed research type

This essay examines a politically engaged research genre, which follows the biography of the author who founded two journals: one on mathematical models published in English (Quality and Quantity) and one on politically committed social and economic research published in Italian (Inchiesta). The research considered focuses on Italy in the 1950s, the research by Lazarsfeld in Vienna in the 1920s and in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, and post-1968 politically committed research in Italy. The analysis of such politically committed types of research (all very different from one another in terms of the interpretative model of reality, the methods used and the relations with the tendering party and the people observed) allows one to understand how this kind of research can be performed with very different methods—all of which do, however, seek to modify reality on the grounds of the research results. The metaphor of the crystal and the flame presented by Italo Calvino in order to classify facts and ideas and styles and feelings can also be used to visualise the polarity (and the difficulty/impossibility of contact) that has always been present in sociology between two different tendencies: towards a discipline that offers the most abstract and objective interpretative model of reality possible with the use of mathematical models (the crystal), and, instead, towards a discipline in which an interpretative model of reality is central, one that produces a social change and in which the qualitative and quantitative methods utilised are at the service of this change (the flame). This polarity thus allows us to separate first and foremost all the politically committed research performed by others for different purposes (market research, research to verify some theoretical hypotheses, etc.) but the same polarity also lies within the politically committed research. We can, indeed, identify a type of politically committed research in an area that has, at one extreme, research tending towards the utmost objectivity and scientific quality of the results and where the co-ordinators try to have all the information on the subjects maintaining the greatest possible distance (the subjects must not know they are being observed); at the other extreme, there is a type of research in which the coordinator completely involves the subjects in the gathering of information that will serve to realise a piece of research whose political aims are explicitly shared. For the identification of a sufficiently articulated typology it has been important to consider five dimensions of politically committed research: (a) the characteristics of the research coordinator (his/her belonging to the type and the academic/non-academic professional status) and his/her interpretative model of reality (b) some general characteristics of the research (the tender and funding, the topic choice, the aims, the contributions to the sociological theory, the duration); (c) the research coordinators relations with the political actors (the intensity of the relations, the political use of the research); (d) the relations of the research co-ordinator with the research subjects; (e) the methodological choices (the basic strategies, the methods used, the use of mathematical procedures). The research that exemplifies this typology is all politically committed to the left and was realised in different times and contexts. I start by considering a kind of politically engaged research (co-research) that appeared in Italy in the 1950s; I then analyse two types of politically engaged research realised in Austria at the end of the 1920s and one in the United States in the 1950s; there then follow two kinds of research realised in the 1960s and 1970s in the United States and a further two kinds realised in Italy in the 1970s and early 1980s. In order to have other kinds of research please refer to the two Journals of which I am the editor: one is an English language journal of mathematical models (Quality and Quantity, International Journal of Methodology, founded in 1966 and published today by Kluwer of Amsterdam), and a politically engaged review (Inchiesta, founded in 1971 and still published today by Dedalo of Bari).     

高速轧机润滑油品含水率实时检测系统的设计与应用

本文简要介绍了高速轧机润滑油品含水率实时检测系统的设计内容与应用情况,本系统使用效果明显,在国内本专业领域处于领先地位。     

双波段彩色融合图像色彩和谐性客观评价

针对现有的图像质量评价方法较少利用人眼视网膜和视觉皮层的颜色编码机制,并且未能充分考虑图像色彩信息对图像质量的影响,提出了一种基于多视觉特征的可见光(微光)与红外彩色融合图像色彩和谐性客观评价模型.该模型在图像质量评估中融入了更多的颜色信息,综合考虑多种人眼视觉特征包括视觉对立色彩特征、色彩信息波动特征和高级视觉内容特征,经过特征融合和支持向量回归训练,实现彩色融合图像的色彩和谐性客观评价.采用3种典型场景融合图像数据库进行实验比较与分析.实验结果表明,与现有的8种图像质量客观评价方法相比,所提出的方法与人眼主观感受更加一致,具有较高的预测准确度.     

Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis of Major Regulatory Genes of Soluble Solids Content in Wax Gourd (Benincasa hispida)

Soluble solids content (SSC) is an important quality trait of wax gourd, but reports about its regulatory genes are scarce. In this study, the SSC regulatory gene BhSSC2.1 in wax gourd was mined via quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping based on high-density genetic mapping containing 12 linkage groups (LG) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq. QTL mapping and BSA-seq revealed for the first time that the SSC QTL (107.658–108.176 cM) of wax gourd was on Chr2 (LG2). The interpretable phenotypic variation rate and maximum LOD were 16.033% and 6.454, respectively. The QTL interval contained 13 genes. Real-time fluorescence quantitative expression analysis, functional annotation, and sequence analysis suggested that Bch02G016960, named BhSSC2.1, was a candidate regulatory gene of the SSC in wax gourd. Functional annotation of this gene showed that it codes for a NADP-dependent malic enzyme. According to BhSSC2.1 sequence variation, an InDel marker was developed for molecular marker-assisted breeding of wax gourd. This study will lay the foundation for future studies regarding breeding and understanding genetic mechanisms of wax gourd.     

燃煤含硫量对高参数机组锅炉选型的影响

针对燃煤特性(主要是含硫量)对锅炉参数选择可能带来的影响,以美国B&W公司对各种钢材的年腐蚀量试验数据为依据,对高参数机组所能适用的燃煤含硫量进行了分析,指出对国内电厂燃煤含硫量超过2%以上机组不适宜采用超(超)临界机组。     

反相液相色谱法测定复方泰妙菌素注射液中泰妙菌素、磺胺嘧啶钠的含量

目的：建立反相液相色谱法测定复方泰妙菌素注射液中泰妙菌素、磺胺嘧啶钠的含量的方法。方法：采用Shim—packCLC—ODS柱（150mm×6mm,5μm）,流动相为80％乙腈-0．7％磷酸氢二铵（体积比为0．3：0．7）并用氨试液调节pH至8．0±0．1。流速为1．0mL／min,检测波长为208nm,柱温为40℃。结果：在此色谱条件下两者能完全分离,泰妙菌素在5-40μg／mL和磺胺嘧啶钠在10—80μg／mL的范围内浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归方程和相关系数分别为：A=47205．9p＋2003．72,R=0．9999;A=77050p＋5514．75,R=0．9999。泰妙菌素和磺胺嘧啶钠的平均回8：4分别为99．99％、99．7％;RSD分别为0．70％、0．95％。结论：方法简便、快速、准确,可用作复方泰妙菌素注射液的含量测定。     

铝电解模糊控制系统的研究与应用

本文提出了一种自适应模糊控制方法．并应用在铝电解控制系统中。该方法将模糊控制函数的优化和模糊控制系统增益自适应调整集中于一体，可大大改善系统的品质和适应能力。仿真结论及应用表明．这种新型的模糊控制方法取得了良好的控制效果。     

SWD型溶液水分测定仪在工作电解液水分测定中的应用

叙述了ＳＷＤ型溶液水分测定仪的设计思想、工作原理等，该仪器可在各种溶液中直接测定含水量，通过实例说明该仪器也可广泛用于电解电容器厂家生产工作电解液中的水分测定；又采用特殊结构和温度补偿器可获得过去没有的性能优良、价格低廉的水分测定仪，可望扩大其用途。     

ALPUR除气装置在25 t熔铸生产线中的应用

25 t燃油熔铝炉熔炼的铝合金熔体中氢含量较高,配备ALPUR除气净化装置,通过合理使用,达到了满意的除氢效果,保证了铸锭的内部质量。