Tm3+掺杂玻璃光纤研究进展

2 μm波段光纤激光可被广泛应用于激光雷达、生物医疗、环境监测以及光谱学等领域,而Tm³⁺掺杂玻璃光纤是2 μm波段光纤激光重要的增益介质。本文从Tm³⁺掺杂玻璃的发光特性出发,介绍了Tm³⁺掺杂玻璃光纤的制备技术,综述了不同玻璃基质材料掺Tm³⁺光纤的研究进展。最后,指出了制备高性能Tm³⁺掺杂玻璃光纤需要解决的关键问题,提出了可能的解决方法,并对Tm³⁺掺杂玻璃光纤发展趋势进行了展望。     

“进(近)源找油”:油气地质理论创新与重点领域勘探思考

创新地质理论和勘探重点领域是石油地质学科发展与工业探索发现的永恒主题,"进（近）源找油"正成为石油地质研究和油气勘探的新方向。地质理论创新引领石油工业从常规油气向非常规油气跨越,立足中国特色石油地质条件和勘探研究历程,取得4项研究认识。（1）松辽盆地、渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、四川盆地、塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地是中国的常规-非常规油气"共生富集"大盆地,未来油气勘探潜力仍很大,常规-非常规油气地质学将指导"共生富集"大盆地实现两种油气资源类型的整体发现、极限开发与协同发展。（2）石油地质理论在大油气田的发现中发挥重要作用,深化烃源岩认识可以不断开辟常规-非常规油气资源新领域,挖潜"共生富集"大盆地可以不断推动常规-非常规油气大发现。（3）重点领域是油气规模增储和战略发现的主力军,深层-超深层和非常规烃源岩层系是未来陆上重点发现和发展领域,中西部突出深层-超深层优质油气资源,中东部突出中-深层非常规规模油气资源。（4）立足6大常规-非常规油气"共生富集"盆地基础研究,突出烃源岩附近及其内部油气资源的规模快速利用,常规油气聚焦"富油气层系"战略发现,非常规油气聚焦"人造油气藏"规模开发,攻关"共生富集"盆地资源序列、重点领域风险勘探、万米超深层科学探索、非常规油气人工改造、煤炭一体化地下气化、页岩油及煤岩油原位转化6大战略领域,努力实现深层-超深层油气发现成规模、非常规油气资源能动用。面向未来10~15年,新一轮地质理论创新和重点领域优选,将带动中国油气工业继续增储上产。     

基于中心逼近式灰色神经网络模型的水质预测

对时间序列建立中心逼近式GM(1,1)模型,通过优选模型的m值弱化序列变幅,利用BP神经网络对该模型残差值进行拟合修正,以此构建一个基于中心逼近式GM(1,1)模型的灰色神经网络预测模型.应用实例的计算结果表明,该模型可提高水质预测精度.     

营业线重载铁路换铺无缝线路施工及关键技术研究

根据以往换铺60 kg/m钢轨的施工经验,结合朔黄线东冶至西柏坡段上行换铺75 kg/m 重型轨无缝线路的施工实践,研究解决在既有线封锁要点条件下换铺75 kg/m重型轨施工技术条件和重难点问题,供类似工程参考。     

桩土相互作用对高速铁路连续梁桥地震响应的影响

本文基于Midas Civil,运用m法模拟了桩土相互作用对高速铁路连续梁桥地震响应的影响。实验发现,考虑桩土相互作用时,地震响应明显增大,且地震响应规律差异明显。这是准确计算地震对高速铁路连续梁桥影响的不可忽略因素。     

Second‐order statistics of system with N‐branch microdiversity and L‐branch macrodiversity operating over gamma shadowed Nakagami‐m fading channels

The problem concerning short‐term fading and long‐term fading (shadowing) and their deleterious effects on wireless systems performance has been in focus for a long time. In this paper, motivated by the results of propagation measurements in land‐mobile and indoor‐mobile systems, and by the fact that gamma distribution can describe shadowing reliably, Nakagami‐m distribution is used to model the signal envelope and gamma distribution is used to model the average signal power. Receive diversity with maximal‐ratio combining and selection combining is implemented at the microlevel and macrolevel, respectively. The general case is explored, which assumes that microdiversity and macrodiversity are provided through arbitrary number of channels. Because shadowing has larger correlation distance than short‐term fading, correlated macrodiversity channels are studied. This paper investigates the dynamics of the received signal. A novel rapidly converging infinite‐series expression for average level crossing rate and average fade duration are obtained. Numerical results are graphically presented to examine the impact of fading severity, shadowing severity, number of diversity branches at the microlevel, number of base stations and correlation between base stations to the system's performance. Computer simulations are also performed to verify the validity and the accuracy of proposed theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

激光辐照下锗材料热形变的实验研究

红外光学系统的镜片组件在环境温度较高时会发生热形变,特别是在局部温度过高时,镜片的面形、厚度的变化会对成像质量有着不可忽视的影响。为了研究红外光学镜片的热形变,利用波长为1.06μm准连续激光辐照锗单晶平片,实时监测锗材料在不同辐照时间下的形变及对成像质量的影响。所得实验数据可为镜片热形变的理论分析提供参考。     

0.18μm BCD工艺平台LogicEE IP的数据保持力

研究表明,0.18μm BCD工艺中SAB膜的厚度对Logic EE IP的数据保持力特性有重大影响。SAB膜越厚,Logic EE IP的数据保持力特性越好;如果SAB膜厚度小于一定尺寸,那么Logic EE IP的数据保持力将会失效。因此适当的SAB膜厚度对保证Logic EE IP的数据保持力通过合格性测试非常重要。主要研究在标准工艺条件下,通过3种SAB膜厚(标准厚度55 nm、80 nm和100 nm)、老衬底(标准厚度55 nm)、新衬底延长清洗时间(标准厚度55 nm)以及新衬底新生长材料的SAB膜(标准厚度55 nm)等试验,最终确定了在华虹宏力0.18μm BCD工艺平台上,当SAB膜厚度为100 nm时,Logic EE IP核的数据保持力通过了JEDEC标准的合格性测试。     

High temperature and high pressure H n.m.r. and e.s.r. studies on coal liquefaction reactions

Changes in chemical reactions during coal liquefaction of Yallourn brown coal and Akabira bituminous coal were monitored by using high temperature and high pressure ¹H n.m.r. A simple high temperature and high pressure e.s.r. cell was constructed and the variation in concentration of free radicals during coal liquefaction reactions was monitored under the same experimental conditions as for n.m.r. With the liquefaction and coking reaction, typical spectra of n.m.r. and e.s.r. were obtained and could distinguish the reaction steps: swelling; liquefaction; coking. The combination of high temperature and high pressure n.m.r. and e.s.r. is promising to the chemistry of coal liquefaction reactions.     

Optimum conditions for high resolution C n.m.r. of coal- and oil-derived products

Factors affecting the spin-lattice relaxation times T₁ of ¹³C resonances at 62.9 MHz were investigated for simple mixtures of tetralin, ethylbenzene, pentane and phenol and the prominent resonances of an anthracene oil and a coal-derived hydrogenation oil. Parameters varied were solvent temperature and nature—Cr(acac)₃, Cr(dpm)₃, Cr(hfac)₃, Fe(acac)₃, Fe(dpm)₃—and concentration of a paramagnetic relaxation agent (PARR). Effects of PARRs on relaxation rates are strongly dependent on neighbouring acidic or basic centres, but are much more uniform for Cr(hfac)₃ than for Cr(acac)₃. The presence of basic or acidic compounds does not significantly affect the relaxation of ¹³C of the neutral components. Optimum experimental conditions are characterized by nearly uniform T₁ values of all resonances to be detected. While 2D spectra allow disentanglement of overlapping lines, choosing optimum conditions for the neutral constituents may lead to a loss of signals from the acidic or basic compounds.