光伏不同渗透率下考虑源网荷储深度互动的电力系统调峰策略

随着风光等可再生资源并网规模不断增大,其波动性及反调峰性使得系统负荷峰谷差大大增加。同时由于调峰容量以及调峰积极性等因素的限制,单纯依靠现有单一的快速调峰电源难以满足大规模新能源接入下的系统调峰需求。因此,文章针对不同光伏渗透率下的电力系统调峰问题,首先将光伏的不确定性、季节性、波动性等多维时空特性模型化,然后建立常规调峰机组、电网弹性优化、负荷分级响应及储能系统四类资源协同互动的系统调峰模型,最后以系统调峰成本最小为目标得到不同光伏渗透率下的系统最优调峰策略,完成光伏不同渗透率与电力系统调峰能力的动态匹配。仿真结果表明,文章所提策略能够满足不同光伏渗透率下的系统调峰需求,保证电力系统供需平衡,有效减少系统负荷峰值时的失电量。     

CO2激光焊接的同轴检测与熔透控制(Ⅱ)熔透状态同轴光信号的频域分析

利用CO2激光深熔焊等离子体光信号的同轴检测系统,提出了频谱重心的概念井以此来分析等离子体光信号的频谱特性,研究了平扳焊接时对应适度熔透状态时同轴光信号的顿域特征。结果表明,随激光功率增加或焊接速度减小,当焊接熔透状态从“适度熔透(小孔透)”变化到“仅熔池透”时对应2～6kHz段频谱重心位置向上(高额)跳变。     

铸造Al-Si合金中Sr与B间反应产物的研究

通过观察不同Sr,B含量时Al-Si合金中枝晶α和共晶Si形态与大小的变化，考察了Sr,B间的交互作用，采用X射线能谱仪对反应产物进行了分析。研究表明反应产物呈现两种不同类型：当Sr含量在0.025-0.030,B含量在0.028-0.036（质量分数，％）范围内时，二者间交互作用形成细小的SrB6化合物颗粒相，数量很少，存在于枝晶α中心；但当合金中Sr和B含量高于此范围时，形成Sr,B原子比接近3：4的Sr-B化合物，颗粒尺寸大、数量较多，且大多出现在共晶区。Sr-B化合物的形成消耗了大量的Sr和B,削弱了二元素的变质效果，导致了Sr,B间的互毒化行为。该化合物的形成为Sr,B间互毒化机理提供了直接证据。     

TIG焊和PAW焊中活性剂对焊缝熔深的影响

针对常规TIG焊生产效率低、熔深小等问题，研究了TIG焊和PAW焊中应用活性剂对焊缝熔深的影响。结果表明，应用活性剂后，在同样的参数下，同传统TIG相比，活性剂能够大幅度提高不锈钢、铝合金和钛合金的焊缝熔深。对于PAW焊，熔深也有增加，但是增加的幅度不如TIG效果明显，但对焊缝成形有很好的改善。同时，活性剂对铝合金焊接背面能够起到保护作用。对于钛合金，活性剂除了增加焊缝的熔深外，还能够大幅度地消减焊缝产生的气孔。     

Prediction and verification of melting front in GTA weld pool of full-penetration

A thermal conduction model is applied to speed up the numerical analysis of the temperature distribution and the weld pool geometry of full penetration in gas tungsten arc （GTA） welding. With considering both top and bottom flee surface deformation of full-penetrated weld pool, three-dimensional weld pool with melting front and solidification front is predicted. Welding experiments are conducted to measure the melting front curves at the top surface and the longitudinal section of the weld. It shows that the predicted and measured results are in good agreement.     

单电源双面电弧焊接工艺实验研究

双面电弧焊接工艺（DSAW）是近几年新出现的一种焊接方法，它可以有效地增大焊缝溶深、提高焊接速度、节约能源消耗、降低焊接变形。本文对单电源DSAW工艺进行了实验研究，分析了双弧作用下焊缝熔深的变化规律，对双面电弧的收缩现象进行了观察，探讨了单电源DSAW工艺增大焊缝溶深的机理。     

Effects of blasting parameters on removability of residual grit

This article shows the quantitative evaluation of the residual grit on a blasted substrate, and the removability of the residual grit is examined. Carbon steel plates were blasted by white alumina grit with mean diameters of 338 to 1106 μm. The velocity and the number of grit particles were measured during blasting. The residual grit was removed from a substrate surface by the dissolution of the blasted substrate surface. A mixed acid solution was used as the dissolution solution. The residual grit weight was 7 to 17 g/m². The amount of the residual grit and the penetration depth of the embedded grit increased with increasing grit size. The penetration depth was 5 to 9% of the mean diameter of the grit. The residual grit weight and the penetration depth increased with the increase of the momentum of the grit particle. This article was originally published inBuilding on 100 Years of Success, Proceedings of the 2006 International Thermal Spray Conference (Seattle, WA), May 15–18, 2006, B.R. Marple, M.M. Hyland, Y.-Ch. Lau, R.S. Lima, and J. Voyer, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2006.     

The integrated intelligent system for welding seam error and penetration depth identification

A integrated intelligent system for seam tracking and penetration control is given. The system received information of welding seam error and penetration depth from only one sensor, then, it realized seam tracking and penetration control simultaneously. This paper introduces constitution of the system, methods of information recognition, design of the neuralfuzzy controller and results practically.     

不同实验装置测定粉尘湿润剂的湿润效果相关性

采用滴液法、正向渗透法和反渗湿润法分别研究了3种阴离子型湿润剂对10种硫化矿粉尘的湿润效果,比较了不同实验装置研究湿润剂湿润粉尘的相关性.结果表明:温度约20℃时,使用上述3种实验方法对相同的试剂和粉尘做湿润实验没有相关性,许多情况下还出现完全相反的结果;而对于相同的实验装置,3种湿润剂都具有较好的相关性.由此可以看出,实验室研究湿润剂所采用的方法在原理上要与应用现场的特征相适应,否则就将适得其反.     

未焊透焊缝疲劳强度分析及工程应用

本文针对工程中焊接结构大量采用单面焊对接焊缝这一事实,对含有未焊透缺陷的单面焊对接焊缝试件进行了疲劳试验,得到了疲劳强度曲线。由于单面焊对接焊缝中的未焊透缺陷位于试件根部表面,在缺陷率相同的条件下,其疲劳强度损失比双面焊未焊透焊缝更严重。试件母材为低碳钢钢板(σ_b≥450MPa)。本试验结果应用于钢瓶焊缝的缺陷容限分析,为制订我国民用在役液化石油气钢瓶判废标准提供了实验依据。