非离子表面活性剂在旧报纸中性脱墨中的应用

研究了不同非离子表面活性剂之间、非离子与阴离子表面活性剂之间的协同作用,以及不同无机盐、酶制剂对非离子与非离子表面活性剂、非离子与阴离子表面活性剂复配体系脱墨效果的影响。结果表明,非离子表面活性剂(A7)对旧报纸的脱墨和纤维性能的改善有良好效果;两种表面活性剂(A7和A4)协同作用效果更好。在中性条件下,无机盐的加入对脱墨体系也有一定影响;酶制剂的加入对脱墨效果有较大的促进作用。     

Determination of nitrite and nitrate levels in meat and vegetable products by high performance liquid chromatography

A range of fresh and processed meat and vegetable products was analysed by h.p.l.c. for nitrite and nitrate contents. Satisfactory results were obtained for vegetable products and most meats, but some meat products were subject to matrix interference. Sucrose, sulphate and phosphate did not affect results. Added sodium chloride decreased retention time of nitrite and increased apparent levels of both nitrite and nitrate. Ascorbic and erythorbic acids decreased apparent nitrite levels and correspondingly increased apparent nitrate levels.     

内标-电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定高盐废水中镍

在环保化工行业中,由于废水多为高含盐废水,如果按照地表水、地下水的测试方法对其重金属指标进行测试,其测试结果和真实值之间存在较大的偏差。本文采用等离子发射光谱-内标法测定含高盐废水体中的镍含量,相对偏差小于0.5%;并用火焰原子吸收氘灯扣除背景法以及阳极溶出伏安法进行比较和验证,重现性良好,能够满足分析测试的要求,故等离子发射光谱-内标法适合于该类废水中镍的分析,方便、准确、可行。     

盐坨单位切割阻力的试验

堆放的盐坨因重新结晶而结块 ,堆放的时间愈长重结晶愈严重 ,单位切割阻力愈大。文章使用简易的测试装置 ,对盐坨和盐样分别进行了现场测试和实验室测试 ,得出了盐坨的单位切割阻力值范围     

国内外盐湖卤水锂资源及开发现状

简要介绍了国内外盐湖锂资源状况及开发现状，并就我国盐湖卤水锂资源的开发提出了建议。     

模拟海洋大气环境对XCS-lode钢与30CrNi3Mo钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用盐雾腐蚀试验方法,研究了模拟海洋大气环境下XCS-lode钢与30CrNi3Mo钢的腐蚀性能,通过极化曲线及电化学阻抗谱(EIS)试验研究了两种钢在腐蚀行为上的差异.结果表明:XCS-lode钢相比30CrNi3Mo钢具有更高的自腐蚀电位,XCS-lode钢腐蚀产物膜的阻抗明显大于30CrNi3Mo钢,XCS-lo...     

熔盐单罐双盘管释热换热器布置方式优选

为了获得单罐内盘管换热器最佳的布置方式,利用数值计算的方法研究相同换热器面积不同盘管换热器布置方式对单罐蓄热系统释热性能的影响规律。结果表明,叉排双螺旋盘管换热器的释热性能优于单排盘管换热器,且内盘管高外盘管低（hi=90 mm,ho=174 mm）的布置方式换热器其释热功率、出口温度以及累计释热量最大。     

Fabrication of portable solar thermal bank for indoor cooking

The aim of this report is to build a portable solar thermal bank based on a Scheffler reflector that is capable of boiling-type cooking using HITEC as a thermal storage material. This report reviews the problems related to solar cooking and evaluates the novel layout of a portable solar thermal bank which includes a daily thermal storage vessel. This stove is in the shape of a cylindrical container filled with phase-changing latent heat storage material. Inside the container, we provide a small gap taking into account the volumetric expansion of the phase change material (PCM) during the melting process. The solar thermal bank is charged in the sun. It is placed directly for a few hours under the focus of a Scheffler reflector, which charges the solar thermal bank with enough thermal energy stored. After a while, the cooking process can be completed by users using that stored heat. The top cavity is used as a cooking pot in a solar thermal bank. Cooking meals do not require direct sunlight, which is typical for most solar cookers. The portable solar thermal bank is an alternative for low-income households and adapts to local traditions of indoor cooking. It is portable and can be used safely to cook indoors or outdoors. In this study, a solar cooker with a thermal storage device was developed using a PCM. The size of the stove has been calculated by calculating the energy consumption for two to three people. HITEC salt has been chosen as a phase change material for thermal storage, which will be used for cooking when there is no sunlight. It enhances the applicability of solar cooking and preserves cooking possibilities using energy stored throughout the day at low production costs.     

基于文献计量学的地下水污染研究现状

为了解国内外地下水污染领域研究现状和重点,梳理2009-2019年国内外学术期刊收录的地下水污染领域高质量文献8 117篇,利用可视化软件CiteSpace V.5.6.R3绘制科学知识图谱。通过对地下水研究领域论文发文量、研究内容、研究机构和发文作者统计、聚类和可视化,多维度发掘地下水污染研究的整体形势。结果显示:地下水污染研究领域科研论文发文量总体呈增长趋势,研究重点主要围绕污染物特征、污染评价和污染修复等3个方面开展,硝酸盐、砷污染已成为地下水污染的研究重点;中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所和吉林大学对国内地下水污染领域的发展具有重要贡献,且研究团队随时间呈分散式、多元化发展;中国地质大学、中国科学院和美国地质调查局是最具国际影响力的机构,中国地质大学(武汉)王焰新院士团队在地下水污染研究领域极具国际影响力。在我国生态文明建设需求下,地下水污染修复由理论研究向污染场地应用转化仍是当前研究的趋势。