Optimization of hydrogen enrichment via palladium membrane in vacuum environments using Taguchi method and normalized regression analysis

In this study, the separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures using a palladium membrane coupled with a vacuum environment on the permeate side was studied experimentally. The gas mixtures composed of H₂, N₂, and CO₂ were used as the feed. Hydrogen permeation fluxes were measured with membrane operating temperature in the range of 320–380 °C, pressures on the retentate side in the range of 2–5 atm, and vacuum pressures on the permeate side in the range of 15–51 kPa. The Taguchi method was used to design the operating conditions for the experiments based on an orthogonal array. Using the measured H₂ permeation fluxes from the Taguchi approach, the stepwise regression analysis was also employed for establishing the prediction models of H₂ permeation flux, followed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the significance and suitability of operating conditions. Based on both the Taguchi approach and ANOVA, the H₂ permeation flux was mostly affected by the gas mixture composition, followed by the retentate side pressure, the vacuum degree, and the membrane temperature. The predicted optimal operating conditions were the gas mixture with 75% H₂ and 25% N₂, the membrane temperature of 320 °C, the retentate side pressure of 5 atm, and the vacuum degree of 51 kPa. Under these conditions, the H₂ permeation flux was 0.185 mol s^?1 m^?2. A second-order normalized regression model with a relative error of less than 7% was obtained based on the measured H₂ permeation flux.     

我国水-能源-粮食耦合关系及影响因素

为缓解我国水、能源和粮食资源紧张问题，促进资源可持续利用，构建水-能源-粮食系统，利用耦合协调度模型对我国的30个省（自治区、直辖市）进行测算,并利用空间杜宾模型分析主要影响因素。结果表明：2003—2017年，我国能源、粮食评价[JP]指数高于水资源评价指数，系统综合评价指数逐年递增；大部分省份耦合协调度处于初级协调水平且呈现逐年上升的态势，个别省份耦合协调度濒临失调；耦合协调度空间自相关性较强，虽有明显波动，但是呈现逐年加强的态势；影响耦合协调度的主要因素有从业人口数、固定资产投资额、人均生产总值、人口总数、[JP]文盲人口占比、工业污染排放、城镇化。     

采用八叉树和OSG分页结点的海量点云三维可视化

针对现有海量点云可视化方法存在索引构建时间长、内存占用大等问题，研究一种八叉树索引结合OSG分页结点的快速可视化方法，可在占用较小内存的基础上快速建立点云索引并实时调度。采用八叉树索引结构对海量点云进行数据组织，建立各层级的八叉树结点并以文件映射的方式分块保存，对结点文件重组织转换为支持OSG渲染引擎的多分辨率点云数据。采用基于OSG分页结点的实时调度技术，对海量点云进行高质量可视化。与目前两款主流的点云数据处理商业软件进行实验对比分析，结果表明所提方法具有索引建立速度快、内存占用小等优点，同时可视化交互更加流畅，适用于各种配置计算机下海量点云数据的调度管理与实时可视化。     

Co-precipitation of nano Mg–Y/ZrO2 ternary oxide eutectic system: Effects of calcination temperature

In the family of inorganic nanomaterials, zirconia is a highly promising functional ceramic with a high refractive index, hardness, and dielectric constant, as well as excellent chemical inertness and thermal stability. These properties are enhanced in nano-zirconia ceramics, because nanopowders have a small particle size, good morphology, and uniform and dispersive distribution. In this study, a co-precipitation process was proposed to synthesise highly dispersed MgO–Y₂O₃ co-stabilized ZrO₂ nanopowders. The effects of different calcination temperatures on the crystallisation degree and particle dispersion of zirconia nanopowders were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The optimum synthesis conditions were obtained as follows: 6 h of high-energy planetary grinding and calcination at 800 °C in an electric furnace. Under these optimum conditions, the average particle size of the prepared powder was 28.7 nm. This process enriches the literature on the controllable preparation of Mg–Y/ZrO₂ nanopowders obtained by the co-precipitation method.     

Design and synthesis of side-chain optimized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)-g-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) as proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications: Balancing the water-resistance and the sulfonation degree

Side-chain optimized poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)-g-poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PPO-g-PSSA) is designed with balanced water-resistance and sulfonation degree. The PPO-g-PSSA is synthesized by controlled atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from brominated poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO-xBr) and ethyl styrene-4-sulfonate and followed by hydrolysis. A series of PPO-g-PSSA are prepared possessing different bromination degree (x) of PPO-xBr and polymerization degree (m) of the side-chains and the water-resistances of the fabricated membranes are investigated. The results show that a PPO-g-PSSA at relatively low x (x < 0.2) and high m (m > 4) exhibits good balance between the water-resistance and the sulfonation degree. Namely, it displays suitable proton conductivity with compromised water-resistance. Moreover, a maximum ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 3.24 mmol g^?1 is reached without the sacrifice of water-resistance. In addition, PPO-g-0.08PSSA-13 and PPO-g-0.14PSSA-4 are chosen characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, proton conductivities and mechanical properties. At 90% RH, the optimized PPO-g-0.08PPSA-13 possesses a proton conductivity of 37.9 mS cm^?1 at 40 °C and 45.5 mS cm^?1 at 95 °C, respectively.     

FE simulation of the curing behavior of the epoxy adhesive Hysol EA-9321

Cold-curing adhesives, characterized by an unsteady curing degree, present various advantages for assembling large scale structures set up under outdoor conditions. Thus various applications can be found in aerospace and automotive industries where structures are affected by thermal and mechanical loads. Hence, the curing state of the adhesive must be known to evaluate the lifetime of such bonded structures. The evolution of the polymerization of the adhesive Hysol EA-9321 during the curing process was examined in this paper. To that end, the curing degree of the adhesive was experimentally and analytically investigated for different curing cycles with a view to a potential application in the aerospace domain, where structures are assembled at low temperatures. Existing dynamic and isothermal curing models were applied to simulate the curing behavior of the adhesive. Then, an FEM model was developed to simulate the process of adhesive curing by taking into account a thermo-kinetic coupling.     

An interpretative structural modeling based network reconfiguration strategy for power systems

The network reconfiguration is an important stage of restoring a power system after a complete blackout or a local outage. Reasonable planning of the network reconfiguration procedure is essential for rapidly restoring the power system concerned. An approach for evaluating the importance of a line is first proposed based on the line contraction concept. Then, the interpretative structural modeling (ISM) is employed to analyze the relationship among the factors having impacts on the network reconfiguration. The security and speediness of restoring generating units are considered with priority, and a method is next proposed to select the generating unit to be restored by maximizing the restoration benefit with both the generation capacity of the restored generating unit and the importance of the line in the restoration path considered. Both the start-up sequence of generating units and the related restoration paths are optimized together in the proposed method, and in this way the shortcomings of separately solving these two issues in the existing methods are avoided. Finally, the New England 10-unit 39-bus power system and the Guangdong power system in South China are employed to demonstrate the basic features of the proposed method.     

郭庄煤业选煤厂振动筛筛选形式的优化研究

针对郭庄煤业选煤厂振动筛振动筛分方式可靠性差、筛分效率低下、物料筛分率低的难题,本文提出了三种新的振动筛分方案,对不同筛分方案的实际应用效果进行了分析。结果表明三移动一摆动的振动筛分方式对物料的综合分散度最高,稳定性好,该筛分方案已在郭庄煤业选煤厂煤炭筛分过程中得到了全面的应用。     

基于灾度辨识的钢闸门巡视检查研究

巡视检查是对钢闸门要点部位开展定期、定点的信息收集,并对警兆信息做出快速辨识和评估的重要内容。应用灾度辨识的警兆信息评估方法,综合钢闸门巡视检查的各类要素信息,明确工程最大隶属的灾度等级(Ⅰ～Ⅴ级),可作为工程日常巡视检查决策的重要软技术手段。     

反转构造的反转程度及其与油气聚集的关系

结合典型反转构造地震剖面，分析了断层型和褶皱型两类反转构造的反转程度，上下皆正断层型和向形褶皱型反转构造的反转程度轻微；上逆下正断层型和透镜形褶皱型反转构造的反转程度中等；上下皆逆断层型和背形褶皱型反转构造的反转程度强烈。分析了反转构造的反转程度与油气聚集的关系，处于轻微反转程度的上下皆正断层型反转和向形褶皱型反转，以及处于强烈反转程度的上下皆逆断层型反转和背形褶皱型反转不利于油气聚集；处于中等反转程度的上逆下正断层型反转和透镜形褶皱型反转类型有利于油气聚集成藏。