基于FPGA的多路矿用气体传感器智能调校系统

矿用气体传感器因煤矿安全被大量使用,国家规定必须定期进行调校,目前的传感器调校系统可同时对5-8台传感器进行调校,针对大中型煤矿生产过程中需要调校的矿用气体传感器数量大、调校耗时长的现状,提出了一种基于单片机与现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的64路气体传感器调校系统,介绍了系统的整体设计并详细阐述了该系统的气路控制模块和传感器输出信号采集模块,使用Verilog语言在QuartusⅡ工具中实现FPGA的逻辑设计、仿真和综合。结果证明：该系统能有效地完成对64路气体传感器同时调校的目的,很大程度节省了人力消耗,提高了调校效率,节约了调校时间。     

基于单轴速率转台的角速度传感器标定方法

针对传统的标定方法标定成本高且对北向基准的要求严格等问题,提出了一种用单轴速率转台作为标定设备的光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统标定方法。对光纤陀螺组合的误差进行建模,将光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统安装于单轴速率转台上,使光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统的3个陀螺轴向分别朝下进行标定实验,由此标定出3只光纤陀螺的零偏、标度因数和安装失准角共12个误差参数。通过对标定精度进行分析,验证了该方法的可行性,其标定成本低且不需要北向基准,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

MEMS气体流量传感器的简易流量测试装置

为了完成所研制的MEMS气体流量传感器样品的流量测试与标定,设计制作了一种由标准流量发生器和传感器信号读出与数据采集电路组成的简易流量测试装置。标准流量发生器由注射器和可更换的砝码组成,利用不同的砝码配重,在注射器出气口产生合适的恒定气体流速。通过理论分析和Ansys有限元数值仿真,验证了简易标准流量发生器的可行性。传感器信号读出与数据采集电路基于内建多路A/D转换器的单片机实现,具有传感器加热电阻器的恒温控制、流量信号的数字检测和显示的功能。采用该简易流量测试装置对自行研制的MEMS气体流量传感器进行了流量测试与标定,获得了待测器件的标定参数、传感器流量测量的绝对误差和相对误差。     

实用的MEMS惯性器件外场标定方法

在实际工程应用中,当不具备高精度实验室标定设备时,研究简易可行的MEMS惯性器件外场标定算法非常有必要。在分析MEMS惯性器件误差模型的基础上,提出一种基于椭球模值约束算法的外场标定方法,通过设计合理的实验编排方案和有效的求解算法来实现对误差模型参数的估计。对比实验结果表明:所提出的标定方法简易可行,其误差系数在合理的误差范围内,从而证明了该外场标定方法的有效性。     

半导体制冷在测压铜柱高低温校准中的应用

测压铜柱在高低温环境下使用时会带来较大的测压误差,必须进行高低温校准。针对当前测压铜柱高低温静态校准系统中的高低温加载部分使用不便的问题,提出了基于半导体制冷技术对其进行改进。对高低温箱的结构及温度测控系统进行了设计及研制,并进行了温度控制实验,高低温箱可控制在-40~50℃范围内,温度控制精度优于±0.5℃,满足了测压铜柱高低温静态校准的要求。     

Cold Crystallization of PLLA Studied by Simultaneous SAXS and WAXS

Summary: The cold crystallization process of initially amorphous poly(L ‐lactic acid), PLLA, with two different molecular weights, during a heating at 2 °C/min, was investigated by DSC and time‐resolved simultaneous SAXS and WAXS, using synchrotron radiation. Equatorial scans of the isotropic 2D‐SAXS patterns showed that the average Bragg long period (L_B) of PLLA samples was approximately constant with the development of cold crystallization up to a temperature that corresponded to a melt/re‐crystallization process that took place before the nominal melting peak seen by DSC. L_B values were found to be higher for the high molecular weight material. This was in accordance with the higher melting temperature observed in the high molecular weight PLLA that implied the existence of thicker lamellae. WAXS results showed that the molecular weight did not apparently affect the crystal form and the final degree of crystallinity of PLLA. The Avrami parameters from WAXS and DSC were consistent, showing that the non‐isothermal cold crystallization of the two PLLA samples corresponded mainly to a three‐dimensional growth, although an imperfect crystallization process was involved at early times. The crystallization rate of PLLA, observed both by WAXS and DSC, decreased with increasing molecular weight.

SAXS profiles of PLLA2 as a function of temperature. The inset shows the 2D‐SAXS pattern obtained at 180 °C.     

基于远程监控图像的绝缘子覆冰检测算法

提出一种基于远程监控图像的绝缘子覆冰情况检测算法。本文算法充分利用边缘检测方法和其他图像处理方法,对覆冰绝缘子侧面冰棱的边缘情况进行精确的检测。本文算法还引入了摄像头的标定参数,使其能更加准确地估计覆冰绝缘子侧面的冰棱长度。当摄像头因为外力或其他因素而产生角度偏移时,本文算法能及时地对摄像头标定参数做出修正,并利用新的标定参数重新估计绝缘子的覆冰情况。实验结果表明,本文算法对绝缘子侧面冰棱边缘检测效果显著,满足实时监控和预警报警的要求。     

苎麻落麻纤维增强热固性树脂复合材料的制备及性能研究

本文介绍了落麻纤维、落麻热压毡、落麻无纺毡制备热固性树脂复合材料的工艺过程;比较了这三种复合材料的力学性能;结果表明,用无纺毡制备复合材料的方法可较大幅度提高纤维含量,能较好地解决落麻纤维在复合材料中的分散问题.     

国内外非铬航空涂层的研究进展

综合分析了国内外非铬航空涂层的发展现状;对硼硫酸阳极氧化膜、非铬底漆的防腐性能进行了研究;对硼硫酸阳极氧化对铝合金疲劳性能的影响进行了测试。试验结果表明:非铬涂层需配以含铬的转化涂层才能够满足防腐性能的要求。硼硫酸阳极氧化对铝合金疲劳性的影响与铬酸阳极氧化相当。     

Degradation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic substrates using a chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction

The involvement of catechol and hydroxamate chelators, along with hydrogen peroxide and Fe³⁺, in the degradation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic substrates was examined with the purpose of improving our current knowledge of the non‐enzymatic mechanisms involved in wood biodegradation by fungi. It could be demonstrated that a catechol chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction not only clearly degraded hemicellulosic substrates but also significantly accelerated and increased the effectiveness of degradation reactions. On the other hand, when a hydroxamate chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction was used, an inhibitory effect was observed. When cellulosic substrates underwent a chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction, no significant difference in degradation was observed between catechol and hydroxamate chelator‐mediated reactions. However, a catechol‐mediated reaction did accelerate the degradation of cellulosic substrates at the beginning of reactions. In addition, it was observed that with a chelator‐mediated Fenton reaction, oxidation of cellulose proceeds depolymerization. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry