瓦斯突变预警上限值确定方法的研究

针对现有煤矿安全监控系统采用超限原理,以瓦斯传感器测量值为判断依据,无法及时发现预定报警值以下范围内瓦斯异常变化的问题,提出了一种不超限瓦斯突变预警方法,介绍了静态预警和动态预警两种不超限瓦斯突变报警方法。结合余吾煤业N2202工作面探头数据,分别对不超限瓦斯突变预警基础数据的静态数据和动态数据进行了分层抽样及分布的验证和拟合,得出静态预警和动态预警的基础数据基本符合正态分布的结论。提出采用假设检验和区间估计等实时计算静态预警和动态预警上限值的方法,并采用N2202工作面探头数据进行了验证。     

基于电驻波的锚杆长度无损测量方法

针对现有锚杆无损检测方法存在振动波与锚杆的耦合问题,提出了一种基于电驻波的锚杆长度无损测量方法。该方法基于传输线和天线等效原理,采用传输线上的驻波理论来测量金属锚杆长度,即扫描输入信号频率,当锚杆始端第1次出现电压最小值时,认为对应的信号波长为锚杆长度的4倍。实测结果表明,该方法耦合方便,测量效果好。     

PVC建材表面缺陷检测系统研究与设计

为满足PVC建材表面缺陷在线系统高速、高分辨率的检测要求,提出PVC建材表面缺陷检测的系统设计方案。为保证检测系统的实时性,硬件上采用面阵CCD摄像机与LED面光源相结合的图像采集装置,软件上采用实时处理和准实时处理相结合的图像处理方法。针对缺陷图像高噪声、直方图单峰明显的特征,提出边缘检测分割技术与数学形态处理相结合的算法流程。通过分析图像缺陷的统计特性,提取PVC建材表面缺陷区域的特征参数,利用基于决策树的分类器将缺陷分为气泡、色痕、裂痕等。实验结果验证算法的有效性和实时性,其缺陷的检出率达到95%以上,识别率达90%以上。     

GPU并行加速的均值偏移算法

为克服mean shift算法计算复杂度高、运行速度慢的缺点,提出一种基于GPU的快速mean shift算法.首先使用k-means算法对图像像素进行预分类,之后在预分类、下采样后缩小的数据集上进行mean shift聚类,以有效地降低算法复杂度.此外,借助GPU的通用计算功能对k-means和mean shift分别进行并行了处理.实验结果表明,通过对图像进行预处理,有效地提高了几何模板查找在强噪声、低信噪比图像中的识别率;同时,改进后的mean shift算法的运行速度提高了近40倍,满足了高速机器视觉检测的实时性要求.     

拉铆钉多参数实时在线视觉检测系统研究

本文以引进吸收再创新的模式,综合机器视觉技术、自动化技术和集群协作处理技术,研发“拉铆钉多参数实时在线视觉检测系统”。     

Evaluation of tile–wall bonding integrity based on impact acoustics and support vector machine

It is well recognized that the impact-acoustic emissions contain information that can indicate the presence of the adhesive defects in the bonding structures. In our previous papers, artificial neural network (ANN) was adopted to assess the bonding integrity of the tile–walls with the feature extracted from the power spectral density (PSD) of the impact-acoustic signals acting as the input of classifier. However, in addition to the inconvenience posed by the general drawbacks such as long training time and large number of training samples needed, the performance of the classic ANN classifier is deteriorated by the similar spectral characteristics between different bonding status caused by abnormal impacts. In this paper our previous works was developed by the employment of the least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) classifier instead of the ANN to derive a bonding integrity recognition approach with better reliability and enhanced immunity to surface roughness. With the help of the specially designed artificial sample slabs, experiments results obtained with the proposed method are provided and compared with that using the ANN classifier, demonstrating the effectiveness of the present strategy.     

Characterization of surface deformation with the Edge of LightTM technique

The aircraft lap joints are inspected with an enhanced visual inspection technique named “Edge of Light”, which is patented by the NRC Institute for Aerospace Research. This technique is applicable for rapid detection of possible hidden corrosion in lap joints. The surface deformation due to hidden corrosion can be characterized by this optical-based inspection method. In this study, a calibration procedure is developed to quantify the lap joint surface deformation. The effect of surface reflectivity is investigated with the solid film highlighting technique (SolidHi^TM), which helps achieve a uniform reflectivity during the inspection. The efficiency of the technique is demonstrated with the experimental results. This work is supported by NRC-IAR New Initiative Research Funding.     

基于视觉检测技术的浮球姿态测量

给出一种基于图像信息估计被测浮球及其中心轴孔空间姿态的视觉检测方法.若相机焦距已知,且给定空间球与圆特征的形状参数,则可由单视方法估计该球心与圆特征中心位置及其法向方向.基于该算法,可实现对被测球体中心轴端面法线方向的估计,同时还可估计出被测球体及端面中心的位置,从而实现对目标浮球位置及姿态的非接触测量.数值仿真及实际图像处理结果表明了该算法的有效性.     

计算机视觉检测技术在吻合器检测中的应用研究

提出了一种利用计算视觉检测带手柄吻合器漏针新方法。通过采用正面光源投照的检测装置,综合运用图像处理和识别方法对利用CMOS相机采集的吻合器图像进行数学形态学,图像增强等方法处理,并提出模糊局部阈值分割算法实现吻合器漏针的自动识别,并根据面积特征判别漏针数。实验表明：该方法能够对多种型号颜色的吻合器进行稳定、准确的快速检测,检测正确率可达95.6％,平均每次检测时间为2.385s,本方法实用性强,适合现代化生产的要求。     

电力巡检移动操作机控制系统的分析与设计

为了提高电力巡检移动机器人的实时性和可操作性,介绍一种以嵌入式Linux系统为核心的电力巡检移动操作机控制系统的软硬件体系结构。给出移动操作臂的动态模型,并基于D-H方法和公式法,给出基于该体系结构的具有冗余自由度电力巡检移动操作机逆运动学分析。在实验中,利用固定在移动机器人上的CCD摄像机对目标物体进行定位,然后根据目标物体的位姿信息,通过逆运动学分析的结果控制移动操作臂实现了对目标物体的抓取操作。进一步分析说明了所设计的体系结构的合理性和可行性。