Mechanics unloading analysis and experimentation of a new type of parallel biomimetic shoulder complex

The structure design for high ratio of carrying capacity to deadweight is one of the challenges for the bionic mechanism, while the problem concerning high carrying capacity has not yet be solved for the existing shoulder complex. A new type biomimetic shoulder complex, which adopts 3-PSS/S(P for prismatic pair, S for spherical pair) spherical parallel mechanism (SPM), is proposed. The static equilibrium equations of each component are established by using the vector method and the equations for constrain forces with certain load are solved. Then the constrain force on the middle limb and that on the side limbs are compared in order to verify the unloading performance of the mechanism. In addition, the prototype mechanism of the shoulder complex is developed, and the force feedback experiment is conducted to verify the static analysis, which indicates that the middle limb suffers most of the external force and the effect of mechanics unloading is achieved. The 3-PSS/S spherical parallel mechanism is presented for the shoulder complex, and the realization of mechanics unloading is benefit for the improvement of the carrying capacity of the shoulder complex.     

基于VBA与OLE技术的卧式罐罐容表编制方法

利用VBA和OLE技术,在Excel中实现卧式罐罐容表自动编制过程,开发出实标罐容表处理程序,有效提高卧式罐实标数据的计算效率。为减小误差,根据罐容曲线对称性自动排查异常数据;采用三次样条插值法代替Lagrange插值来获得拟合函数,实现了有限数据点推导功能。通过实例分析和比较验证,该方法处理的罐容表数据扩展不确定度小于0.2%,证明该方法的有效性和高准确性。方法简单直观,可操作性强,具有很高的推广使用价值。     

Antioxidant Activity of γ-Oryzanol: A Complex Network of Interactions

γ-oryzanol (Orz), a steryl ferulate extracted from rice bran layer, exerts a wide spectrum of biological activities. In addition to its antioxidant activity, Orz is often associated with cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects. In recent years, the usefulness of Orz has been studied for the treatment of metabolic diseases, as it acts to ameliorate insulin activity, cholesterol metabolism, and associated chronic inflammation. Previous studies have shown the direct action of Orz when downregulating the expression of genes that encode proteins related to adiposity (CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs)), inflammatory responses (nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)), and metabolic syndrome (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)). It is likely that this wide range of beneficial activities results from a complex network of interactions and signals triggered, and/or inhibited by its antioxidant properties. This review focuses on the significance of Orz in metabolic disorders, which feature remarkable oxidative imbalance, such as impaired glucose metabolism, obesity, and inflammation.     

微孔节流气体静压止推轴承跨缝过程时变特性研究

目前,大型气浮平台均采用花岗岩平台拼接而成,平台拼缝会对实验效果产生一定影响。针对上述问题,以微孔节流气体静压轴承运动中经过平台拼缝时的时变特性为研究对象,建立微孔节流止推轴承物理模型,并使用CFD软件与UDF相结合的动网格技术实现轴承跨越平台拼缝的动态过程仿真,研究不同气膜厚度、进气口压力、平台拼缝位置对轴承承载力和压力分布的影响。结果表明：当平台拼缝到达微孔分布圆附近时承载力急速下降,且平台拼缝到达轴承中心时承载力下降到最小值;随着气膜厚度的增加,轴承承载力的最大损失比例随之增加,并最终稳定到0.6;平台拼缝位于供气孔分布圆之外时,轴承边缘与平台拼缝之间的承载面将失效;通过增加进气口压力,轴承承载力整体有明显提升,但承载力损失速度也明显加快。     

Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

Horizontal bracing to enhance progressive collapse resistance of steel moment frames

In this paper, the effect of horizontal bracing on enhancing the resistance of steel moment frames against progressive collapse is investigated. Previously designed 6 bay by 3 bay 18‐story steel frame prototype building with 6 m bay span (namely, unbraced frame), which was susceptible to progressive collapse, is retrofitted by four types of horizontal bracing systems on the perimeter of the topmost story and analyzed using 3D nonlinear dynamic method. Six different cross‐sections for each bracing system type are considered, and the capacity curves for each model are obtained. Three column removal circumstances, namely, Edge Short Column, First Edge Long Column, and Edge Long Column are considered in this paper. The results imply that horizontal bracing would increase the resistance of moment frames against progressive collapse. However, one of the bracing types in which axial compressive force is created in braces is not appropriate for retrofitting.     

复合配筋预应力混凝土管桩抗弯性能试验和数值分析

开发研制了复合配筋(GFRP筋)预应力混凝土管桩(以下简称PRC-G桩),并进行了抗弯性能的现场抗弯试验和数值分析。试验研究结果表明,GFRP筋可以明显改善常规管桩的抗弯性能,其开裂荷载和极限荷载均有显著的提高,破坏时PRC-G桩均是受压区混凝土破碎而PRC桩的预应力筋被拉断;数值分析结果表明,PRC桩破坏时,预应力钢筋达到屈服强度1 420 MPa,PRC桩受压区混凝土未达到标准抗压强度,桩身未被破坏;PRC-G桩破坏时,受压区混凝土最大压应力为52.03 MPa,受压区混凝土破碎,管桩破坏。抗弯数值模拟和抗弯试验的结果表明,两者的荷载-挠度曲线的规律基本一致。研究成果可为复合配筋(GFRP筋)预应力混凝土管桩在工程中的推广应用提供理论依据。     

狭窄基坑条件下基于普朗德尔地基极限承载力公式的隆起稳定性研究

在市政行业的基坑支护工程中,支护桩+内支撑支护是广泛使用的支护形式。传统的基坑隆起稳定性分析方法是采用普朗德尔地基极限承载力计算公式分析,但是该地基极限承载力计算公式不适用于狭窄基坑。本文从提出狭窄基坑的定义出发,根据普朗德尔地基极限承载力计算公式的基本原理,重新假定了狭窄基坑条件下的破坏模式及相关参数,并推导了相应的地基极限承载力计算公式。算例显示,该公式能较好的反映狭窄基坑的实际条件,安全系数有适当提高。     

基于静力触探试验的基坑开挖卸荷单桩水平承载力损失预测研究

选取典型成层地基场地并设计试坑开挖卸荷试验,开展了基于静力触探(CPT)测试的基坑开挖卸荷单桩水平承载力损失程度预测研究。通过在试坑开挖卸荷前后进行CPT原位测试,得到了试坑开挖卸荷前后的CPT贯入锥尖参数变化规律。进而基于CPT测试p–y模型研究了基坑开挖卸荷前后邻近既有单桩的水平承载力损失及桩身弯矩分布特征。分别考察了基坑开挖卸荷后邻近桩基试桩加载模式下的残余水平承载力和桩顶加载联合土体位移共同作用下的卸荷桩基水平承载特性。研究表明,依据真实卸荷土体CPT参数更能准确预测桩基水平承载力损失程度及损失特征,卸荷桩设计阶段须同时考虑卸荷桩较自由场地桩基的水平承载力损失及土体运动位移对桩基水平承载的影响。以上研究为合理确定基坑开挖引起的既有桩基水平承载力损失提供了一种技术思路,同时对卸荷桩水平承载性能评价具有参考意义。