地基及基础沉降对天津津塔施工模拟及预变形分析的影响

采用文克尔地基模型模拟地基及基础的变形与受力特征,并利用地基基础与上部结构共同组成的整体计算分析模型,考虑不同区域桩基布置的影响,给出了天津津塔上部结构施工过程中地基变形及差异沉降的定量解答,研究了施工模拟及预变形分析中地基变形对上部结构构件长度加工预调值及施工安装预调值的影响。分析结果表明,地基基础的均匀沉降不会影响上部结构构件加工预调值,不均匀沉降则有明显影响。同时给出了上部结构预变形分析中考虑地基基础沉降影响的建议实施方法。工程实践结果表明,本文提出的建议方法便于工程实施,具有良好的工程适用性。     

混凝土收缩徐变对天津津塔施工模拟及预变形的影响分析

徐变和收缩对于大体积、大跨度以及超高混凝土结构的应力和变形具有不可忽视的作用。对天津津塔项目进行了考虑混凝土收缩徐变的施工模拟分析,给出了混凝土收缩徐变因素对结构框架柱施工安装预调值及构件加工预调值的影响及其考虑方法。对于本项目而言,当考虑混凝土收缩徐变影响因素后,结构框架柱施工安装预调值及构件加工预调值统一按1.5倍"不考虑混凝土收缩徐变及不考虑地基沉降影响的预调值"采用。     

预变形及时效处理对7055铝合金组织和性能的影响

通过拉伸试验、金相观察、X射线衍射以及TEM观察，研究了7055铝合金固溶处理后，经不同程度冷变形和时效后的力学性能和电导率的变化以及相应的微观组织变化特点。实验结果表明，对于冷变形再T6时效的7055铝合金，随变形量的提高，强度先略有上升，而后缓慢下降。RRA态合金强度随变形量增加而持续下降。随变形量的增加，冷轧态7055铝合金的电导率逐渐下降，而T6和RRA态合金的电导率却逐渐上升。在同样变形量条件下，RRA态合金具有最高的电导率。这些变化与变形引入的位错所产生的晶格畸变以及位错促进粗大平衡相析出有关。     

Effect of pre-deformation on the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of aluminum alloy 2519

The effects of pre-deformation and strain rate on the stress corrosion cracking （SCC） behavior of aluminum alloy 2519 in air and in 3.5% NaCI water solution were investigated by means of slow strain rate tension （SSRT）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results indicate that the alloy is susceptible to SCC in 3.5% NaCI water solution and not in air. At the same pre-deformation, the alloy is more susceptible to SCC at 1.33 × 10^-5 s^-1 than at 6.66 × 10^-5 s^-1. Moreover, it is more susceptible to SCC at free pre-deformation than at 10% pre-deformation at the same strain rate. The number of 0 precipitated along the grain boundaries is reduced and distributed discontinuously, at the same time, the precipitate-free zones （PFZ） become narrow and the susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking is reduced after 10% pre-deformation.     

2091合金的显微组织与应力腐蚀敏感性

用慢应变速率拉伸试验研究不同热处理状态Al—Li—Cu—Mg—Zr(2091)合金的应力腐蚀敏感性,用透射电镜观察显微组织结构并分析变形特性。结果指出,T_2相在晶界上的复盖程度及T_2相之间的平均间距是影响合金应力腐蚀敏感性的主要因素,室温预形变处理可减少晶界上T_2相的数量,使合金应力腐蚀抗力得到明显提高。     

预变形对TiNi薄膜相变行为的影响

用DSC法研究了预变莆对TiNi薄膜相变行为的影响,结果表明,预变形可使马氏体逆相变温度升高,马氏体发生了稳定化,经过一次完全相变循环后,这种稳定化现象消失,若TiNi薄膜在预变形后先经过一次不完全逆相变,则其后的热循环中,除第一次相变循环的逆相变是由两个独立的相变过程共同完成,其他相变循环的逆相变过程相同于变形的状态,由此可见,预变形造成的TiNi薄膜马氏体稳定化现象,经过完全相变循环后均可以消除,而与预变形后薄膜的相变历史无关。     

预变形对2519铝合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过拉伸测试、显微硬度测试、透射电镜及扫描电镜分析等手段研究了预变形对2519铝合金组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:预变形降低了合金于180℃时效第一阶段的硬化效果,提高了合金峰值硬度及强度,缩短了峰值时效时间.预变形合金强度、硬度的提高是由于θ′相的数目增加和尺寸减小.细小弥散的θ′相有利于阻碍位错的运动,提高了合金的强度,同时也降低了合金的塑性.综合考虑合金的强度和塑性,2519铝合金时效前的预变形以15%为宜.     

预拉伸变形后X60管线钢疲劳裂纹扩展特性

用单边裂纹试样，研究了X60管线钢经预拉伸变形量为5％、10％和15％后的疲劳裂纹扩展特性。结果表明：随着预拉伸变形量的增加，疲劳裂纹扩展速率提高，尤其是在裂纹扩展的近门槛区。定量分析表明：预拉伸变形降低了疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值，提高了裂纹扩展系数，从而使管线在机械损伤的部位疲劳抗力降低。     

Effect of low-temperature pre-deformation on precipitation behavior and microstructure of a Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cu-O alloy during fabrication

The effect of low-temperature pre-deformation on the microstructural evolution of a Zr–Sn–Nb–Fe–Cu–O alloy was investigated by optical metallography, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). It is found that a reasonably homogeneous and fine equiaxed grain structure with uniformly distributed second-phase particles (SPPs) can be obtained in 40% pre-deformed samples (Group A) but not in directly hot-rolled ones (Group B) after hot rolling. The initial SPPs diameter in Group A is also reduced. Noticeable differences in microstructural evolutions including the distribution and size of SPPs, grain size of matrix, and texture are observed between both groups. Reasons for such discrepancies are attributed to the defects (such as dislocations and interfaces) introduced during the pre-deformation and more preferred precipitation sites formed in Group A. The aging after the pre-deformation results in new slip systems activated during hot rolling, leading to more thorough refinement of grains. In addition, the growth of SPPs is interpreted by the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner model.     

预形变量对再结晶晶界反常硼偏聚的影响

用二次压缩方法测定了含硼面心Fe-30%Ni合金1000℃热变形10%和40%后保温时的软化率曲线,并由此估计了再结晶过程.用径迹照相方法(PTA)研究了再结晶过程中运动晶界反常偏聚规律以及形变量对反常硼偏聚的影响.用定量统计方法测量了不同形变量下,运动晶界的硼偏聚量.结果表明,新晶粒长大过程中,晶界反常偏聚量与形变量、晶界运动速度等因素有关.并用半定量的方法估算了不同形变量下,再结晶新晶粒长大过程中新晶粒边界向变形晶粒推进时的平均速度.用晶界展宽机制对此现象进行了讨论.