超高速弹丸膛口流场结构分析

为了计算和分析超高速弹丸膛口流场的分布状况,建立了超高速弹丸从膛底飞离出炮口整个过程的膛口流场二维轴对称数值仿真模型.基于有限体积法,采用分块网格划分的整体运动处理方法,结合结构动网格技术及Realizable k-ε湍流模型,耦合内弹道及后效期过程,利用六自由度运动方程控制弹丸运动,以300 mm平衡炮为例,研究了1 730 m/s发射速度下的超高速膛口流场特性.计算结果表明:超高速运动的弹丸在距膛口3.3 m远处便形成了清晰的初始流场,弹前激波到达炮口处压力达到了3.8 MPa左右.喷射出的火药燃气速度达到2 500 m/s,但火药燃气仍未能追赶并包围弹丸,因此膛口流场对超高速弹丸运动的影响不同于对中低速弹丸运动的影响;膛口形成了由冠状冲击波、弹底激波、反射激波、马赫盘构成的多层次激波、间断面相互叠加的完整波系,该发射条件下的膛口流场异常强烈,波系结构更加明显.     

Sealing of Ejection Hole at the Bottom of Projectile for Wired Transmission System of Penetration Data

It is difficult to find the projectile when people want to get the penetration data in a hard recovery method, so a recovery system of penetration data is designed based on an ejection mode from the projectile base and a method of wired transmission, at the same time, the system was sealed with a designed sealing device, the working principle of which was introduced. Using Fluent as the simulation platform, the transient pressure of seal cavity was simulated based on the change of chamber pressure, and steady-state pressure of seal clearance and seal cavity were simulated based on the maximum chamber pressure. The sealing performance was tested by a pressure test system. The results of simulation and experiment show that the maximum pressure of seal cavity is 139.4.kPa when the maximum chamber pressure is 242.9.MPa and the maximum temperature of gunpowder explosive gas is 2.166.5.K, so the sealing performance can be assured. The sealing device can be taken as a reference in sealing research on gunpowder gas at the bottom of projection.     

不同头型高速射弹垂直入水数值模拟

为研究不同射弹头型对高速射弹垂直入水的流体动力和流场特性的影响,采用有限体积法和VOF(volume of fluid)多相流模型,并引入动网格技术,对5种不同头型的轴对称高速射弹垂直入水过程进行了数值模拟,分析了头型对空泡形态演化过程、射弹流体动力及弹道特性的影响规律.研究结果表明,头型对射弹入水空泡形态、表面闭合时间以及入水阻力、深度、速度均有较大影响.球头与截球头空泡半径小于其余3种头型,表面闭合时刻依平头、球头、锥头、截锥头的顺序递增.射弹头部均承受较大压力,球头、截球头射弹头部压力分布不均使之承受较大的剪切力.射弹头部流线型越好,入水速度衰减越慢,入水深度增加越快.入水阻力系数峰值按平头、截球头、截锥头、锥头、球头的顺序递减.     

Q235钢板对平头弹抗侵彻特性研究

为分析靶体结构对其抗侵彻特性的影响,利用轻气炮进行平头杆弹正撞击单层板和等厚接触式三层板的实验,获取相关的撞击过程图片.通过撞击实验,得到这两种结构靶体的初始-剩余速度曲线以及弹道极限,撞击速度为190~450 m/s.研究靶体结构对抗侵彻特性的影响,包括靶板的失效模式和抗侵彻性能.最后,采用ABAQUS/EXPLICIT软件对杆弹撞击金属板的过程进行数值模拟研究,通过对比数值模拟和实验结果,验证了数值模拟材料模型和参数的有效性.结果表明:多层板的弹道极限高于等厚单层板,并且多层板和单层板的主要失效模式之间存在差异.对于多层板,靶板失效模式与其在靶中位置相关.     

Optimized design of biconical liner by orthogonal method

A biconical liner was optimized to improve its penetration ability. Its formation and penetration mechanism was studied through numerical simulation and experiments. And the influence of different liner geometry sizes on the jet performance was analyzed using the orthogonal method. The liner formed the high-speed jet with an explosively formed projectile. The small angle 2α remarkably influenced the jet speed which was inversely proportional to 2α. And the liner thickness t' and large angle 2β had highly significant effect on the projectile speed. The liner was optimized at t' = 0. 14 cm,2α = 50°,2β = 135°,N = 0. 4 or 0. 5,when its jet speed respectively is at 6 613 m /s and 6 839 m /s and projectile speed is at 2 247 m /s and 2 095 m /s,steel target penetration is at 8. 24 cm and 8. 31 cm,and aperture is in 2. 12 cm and 2. 08 cm. The results show that target is penetrated by the high-speed jet and high-speed projectile resulting into double damages. The penetration ability is improved greatly.     

旋转弹攻角测试的特征值神经网络算法

对应用于旋转弹攻角测试的嵌入式大气数据传感(FADS)算法进行了分析.经加噪数据仿真检验,表明FADS算法解算得到的攻角误差与压力误差为线性关系;以空气动力学模型为基础,使用压力数据构建了具有非时变稳定性的两个特征值,仅与攻角、马赫数有关;选取不同攻角、马赫数组合状态下的特征值作为神经网络的训练样本,应用同样的加噪数据仿真检验,表明基于特征值的神经网络算法的抗干扰特性优于FADS算法;用风洞试验数据进行攻角解算,表明神经网络算法得到的攻角没有跳变现象,比FADS算法误差更小,具有更好的抗干扰性.     

易碎弹复合材料动态特性数值研究

利用Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar （SHPB）实验装置获取复合材料易碎弹试件的动态力学特性,并应用LS-DYNA软件对SHPB实验过程进行数值模拟.结合SHPB应力波理论,研究不同撞击速度对试件破坏程度、压杆轴向应变波形以及试件动态力学特性的影响.仿真结果表明：试件仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合,说明SHPB实验仿真是可行的;试件的破坏程度随着撞击速度的增大而显著,但压杆轴向应变波形以及试件动态力学特性随着撞击速度的增大变化不明显.     

Liquid Impact Based Material Micro-Forming Technology

The objective of this study was to investigate material deformation in the course of a high-speed (>1500 m/s) water impact and to use the acquired knowledge for improvement of the forming technology. An experimental setup for projectile fabrication was constructed and a series of experiments involving sub-millimeter and micron scale metal deformation was performed. The geometry and topography of the generated samples were investigated using advanced surface examination techniques and the feasibility of the liquid impact based micro-forming technology was demonstrated. This article was presented at Materials Science & Technology 2006, Innovations in Metal Forming symposium held in Cincinnati, OH, October 15-19, 2006.     

一种高效强K—栅栏覆盖构建算法

K－栅栏覆盖是无线传感器网络覆盖控制的研究热点之一。本文构建了强栅栏覆盖模型,提出了分区强K－栅栏覆盖构建算法PMNSB,用最少的节点形成强栅栏。首先把监控区域分成多个子区域,通过匈牙利算法选用移动距离之和最少的网格集合为基准1－栅栏覆盖,缺少移动节点的子区域,选择附近区域的剩余移动节点修补形成1－栅栏覆盖。水平相邻的两个子区域之间构建竖直栅栏,这些1－栅栏合起来构成强K－栅栏覆盖。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性,本文的研究对提升无线传感器网络的性能具有重要的理论与实际意义。