基于极限学习机的堤防工程多元风险指标评价方法

为提高堤防工程风险评价的准确性,提出了基于极限学习机的堤防工程多元风险指标评价方法。首先,综合考虑影响堤防风险的28个评价指标,利用层次分析法从预警系统、堤防工程系统、环境系统和社会经济系统这4个方面建立了堤防工程多元风险评价指标体系。接着,基于极限学习机算法对28个指标进行标准化处理及分级标准构建,以风险指标作为输入量,分级隶属度作为输出量,划分风险等级,量化评价指标,估计多元风险评价指标值和判断风险的严重程度。最后,依托鄱阳湖重点堤防——康山大堤,构建多元风险评价指标体系,运用极限学习机算法计算多元风险评价指标值。评价结果表明:康山大堤目前处于基本安全水平,符合康山大堤经过两次加固后的工程实际情况,并与其他方法进行对比,验证了提出方法的可靠性和有效性。该方法可拓展应用到其他重要水工结构工程风险评估中。     

城市水系统关联模型研究

为了理清城市水系统中多因素间的复杂关系,对系统解决城市水问题提供帮助,基于水系统理论与城市水系统模拟相关研究,提出了城市水系统中水-经济社会-生态环境各因素之间相互作用和反馈的关联模型理论框架,建立了城市水系统演变过程中由针对经济发展的正反馈回路和针对可持续性的负反馈回路共同控制的新模式,构建了模拟城市水-经济社会-生态环境内在联系的城市水系统关联模型。以武汉市为例,应用建立的城市水系统关联模型,采用2001—2017年的历史统计数据,建立了武汉市城市水-经济社会-生态环境各要素之间互馈作用的模拟模型,预测了武汉市的城市发展轨迹,并与武汉市2030年的远期规划进行比较,验证了模型的有效性,表明城市水系统模型能够揭示城市水-经济社会-生态环境多要素的耦合驱动机制,体现了节水技术与绿色发展相关政策两大因子导向下的生态环境、经济社会协同发展的良好预期。     

老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂房生活给水系统设计

水电站厂房生活给水系统应能够可靠、高效地为厂内工作人员提供满足要求的生活用水。老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂区附近均无可用的市政供水管,无法依靠市政供水系统为厂区提供生活用水。以老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂房生活给水系统设计为例,提出了针对远离城镇,无市政供水情况下,水电站厂房生活给水系统的设计思路、设计方案、设计的要点及难点。     

立轴冲击式水轮发电机组技术供水系统优化

水电站的技术供水系统要根据水电站的基本技术参数及设备要求的技术供水参数进行详细设计和论证,并结合电站所在区域的实际情况,使系统满足机组在各种工况下的正常安全稳定运行。主要阐述米角河一级水电站立轴冲击式水轮发电机组技术供水系统的优化设计,采用一次冷却供水和冷却水二次循环供水相结合的设计方案,避免供水水质变化时停机造成的经济损失,提高了供水系统的运行可靠性,减少了检修维护量,为电站"无人值班,少人值守"创造了必要条件。     

采用大数据分析建设工程市场信息的新方法

随着招投标过程信息化的快速发展,越来越多的招标、评标、中标信息统一集中在相应交易中心平台网站上进行公示,使采用大数据手段分析建设工程信息成为了可能。采用Web Scraper插件爬取网页内容简便、高效、准确。大数据的介入能很大程度遏制非法围标、串标行为,保证公共资源交易过程的公平、公正,有效打击权力寻租。同时大数据分析以定量、可视化的成果展示了建设工程的市场行为趋势,为政府的宏观调控提供更精确的数据性指导性意见。     

人水关系学的学科体系及发展布局

人水关系是人类与自然界关系中最重要的关系之一,也是人类一出现就始终存在且复杂程度不断加深的一类关系。在对人水关系分析总结的基础上,提出了人水关系学的概念和思考,论述了人水关系学的提出背景和重要意义;构建了人水关系学的学科体系框架,阐述了人水关系学的主要内容,包括人水关系学的理论基础、方法论、应用实践;在分析学科发展趋势的基础上,对人水关系学未来全面、系统的研究进行了展望,并从科学研究、学科建设、学术交流与国际合作3个方面对人水关系学的发展进行战略布局。为进一步研究人水关系、丰富人水关系学内容、发展人水关系学学科体系及制定学科发展战略提供参考。     

The application of the methodology for secure cyber–physical systems design to improve the semi-natural model of the railway infrastructure

The paper suggests a new methodology for secure cyber–physical systems design. The proposed methodology consists of two main cycles. The main goal of the first cycle is in design of the system model, while the second one is about development of the system prototype. The key idea of the methodology is in providing of the most rational solutions that are improving the security of cyber–physical systems. Such solutions are called alternatives and built according to functional requirements and non-functional limitations to the system. Each cycle of the methodology consists of the verification process and seven stages that are associated with the used cyber–physical system model. The objective of the verification process is in checking of constructed models and prototypes in terms of their correctness and compatibility. The model represents cyber–physical systems as sets of building blocks with network between them, takes elements internal structure into account and allows direct and reverse transformations. The novelty of the suggested methodology is in the combination of design, development and verification techniques within a single approach. To provide an example of the design methodology application, in this paper it is used to improve the semi-natural model of the railway infrastructure.     

DETECTOR: A knowledge-based system for injection molding diagnostics

A knowledge-based system (KBS) for diagnosis of multiple defects in injection molding is presented. The general scheme for knowledge representation based on fuzzy set theory has been shown useful in representing inexact and incomplete information for developing the KBS. An optimality criterion is created for selecting a simple and best cover to explain the given problem. An efficient search algorithm for finding such cover is also discussed.     

A two-layer fuzzy pattern matching procedure for the evaluation of conditions involving vague quantifiers

In this note, we are interested in the evaluation of conditions of the form The value of attribute a for Q items of X is in F or more shortly Q items of X are F, where X is a set of items, Q denotes a possibly vague proportion (which may be linguistically expressed, e.g. most), F is a (possibly fuzzy) subset of the attribute domain of a. and where the available knowledge about the value a(x) of the attribute a for any item x may be imprecise or even vague. The evaluation is based on a fuzzy pattern matching procedure repeated two times. Such conditions may be encountered in queries addressed to an incomplete information data base or in the if-part of expert rules.     

Effects of computers on Japanese schools

In this paper I consider how the computer can or should be accepted in Japanese schools. The concept of teaching in Japan stresses learning from a long-term perspective. Whereas in the instructional technology, on which the CAI or the Tutoring System depends, step-by-step attainments in relatively short time are emphasized. The former is reluctant in using the computer, but both share the Platonic perspective which are goal-oriented. However, The Socratic teacher, who intends to activate students' innate disposition to be better, would find another way of teaching and use of the computer.