一种改进的H.264帧层码率控制算法

针对H.264码率控制算法在缓冲区控制上的不足,提出一种改进的帧层码率控制算法.对缓冲区进行监视,根据已编码帧实际缓冲与目标缓冲占用率的情况进行量化参数的调整.当实际缓冲偏离目标缓冲较大时,适当增大或者减小量化参数,使编码后实际缓冲更接近目标缓冲,防止缓冲发生上溢或下溢.仿真结果表明,对于纹理简单的序列,改进的算法在PSNR几乎不变的情况下,得到了更精确的码率控制,实际缓冲更接近目标缓冲,缓冲区占有率更稳定.     

JPEG合成图像的盲篡改检测及定位

提出一种经过JPEG压缩且保存为BMP格式的图像盲篡改检测方法。该算法基于原始量化表不一致性实现篡改定位。首先根据压缩图像特性定位DCT块;然后依据块划分估计原始量化表;最后计算图像块偏离量化表程度,并寻找合适阈值,实现篡改区域的自动检测和定位。改进原始量化表估计算法的实验结果表明:改进算法能实现直流(DC)分量的量化系数估计,并提高量化表估计的正确率,且能有效检测单次JPEG压缩图像的篡改及定位。     

基于改进完全局部二值模式火焰特征提取的 转炉炼钢终点碳含量预测

转炉炼钢火焰图像特征的准确提取是预测终点碳含量的关键,针对于火焰图像相似性高进而难以区分碳含量相近的火焰图像,导致无法准确精准预测碳含量的问题,提出一种改进完全局部二值模式(improved complete local binary pattern,ICLBP)的彩色纹理特征提取方法,用于提取不同碳含量下更具区分性的炉口火焰图像特征并进行终点碳含量的预测.首先,在不同颜色通道下采用局部相位量化(local phase quantization,LPQ)提取图像相位信息,与CLBP提取的图像幅值信息组合成融合特征ICLBP_MP,以增强CLBP算法结构的鲁棒性;然后,通过改进的颜色信息加权策略对其进行加权,以增强火焰图像的颜色对比度信息;最后,使用K近邻回归模型对碳含量进行预测.实验结果表明,碳含量预测在0.02％误差范围内的准确率为83.9％.     

A Hybrid Color Quantization Algorithm Incorporating a Human Visual Perception Model

Color quantization is a common image processing technique where full color images are to be displayed using a limited palette of colors. The choice of a good palette is crucial as it directly determines the quality of the resulting image. Standard quantization approaches aim to minimize the mean squared error (MSE) between the original and the quantized image, which does not correspond well to how humans perceive the image differences. In this article, we introduce a color quantization algorithm that hybridizes an optimization scheme based with an image quality metric that mimics the human visual system. Rather than minimizing the MSE, its objective is to maximize the image fidelity as evaluated by S‐CIELAB, an image quality metric that has been shown to work well for various image processing tasks. In particular, we employ a variant of simulated annealing with the objective function describing the S‐CIELAB image quality of the quantized image compared with its original. Experimental results based on a set of standard images demonstrate the superiority of our approach in terms of achieved image quality.     

基于3D-DCT和SVD的鲁棒彩色图像水印算法

在数字图像水印领域,水印算法主要集中于灰度图像,且提出的大部分彩色图像水印算法往往仅在亮度分量或在彩色图像的每一通道中嵌入水印,未能充分利用彩色图像的冗余空间,影响了水印的透明性和鲁棒性。针对此问题,提出了一种新颖的基于三维离散余弦变换和奇异值分解的彩色图像水印算法。算法先对水印图像进行预处理和对彩色图像进行互不重叠的分块;其次对每一分块进行三维离散余弦变换;最后选择对三维离散余弦变换系数的第一分量进行奇异值分解。嵌入水印时,对三维离散余弦变换系数第一分量的最大奇异值和第二分量分别采用量化和关系的嵌入方法嵌入水印。提取水印时,分别采用量化和关系提取算法提取水印并进行比较,选取相似值高的水印图像作为最终提取的水印。实验结果表明,提出的算法具有较好透明性的同时,具有抵抗常规信号处理和模糊、扭曲及锐化等攻击的能力。     

Parametric Stabilization of Quantized Interconnected Systems with Application to Coupled Inverted Pendulums

This paper studies the analysis of parametric stability and decentralized state feedback control of a kind of quantized interconnected systems. The output of each controller is quantized logarithmically before it is input to the subsystem, and the quantized density would affect the stability of the systems. First, a decentralized state feedback controller is designed for interconnected systems without quantization and the corresponding stable region is obtained. Second, for a given controller, the lower bound of the quantization density is evaluated from parameters of local controllers. Finally, the proposed method is applied to coupled inverted pendulums systems which can be viewed as quantized interconnected systems. The simulation results show that by using the proposed quantized controllers, the interconnected inverted pendulum systems are parametrically stabilized.     

Quantized H∞ Control for Networked Systems with Communication Constraints

The problem of quantized H_∞ control for networked control systems (NCSs) subject to time‐varying delay and multiple packet dropouts is investigated in this paper. Both the control input and the measurement output signals are quantized before being transmitted and the quantized errors are described as sector bound uncertainties. The measurement channel and the control channel packet dropouts are considered simultaneously, and the stochastic variables satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution are utilized to model the random multiple packet dropouts. Sufficient conditions for the existence of an observer‐based controller are established to ensure the exponential mean‐square stablility of the closed‐loop system and achieve the optimal H_∞ disturbance attenuation level. By using a globally convergent algorithm involving convex optimization, the nonconvex feasibility can be solved successfully. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.