B和C对铸造TiAl基合金宏观和显微组织的影响

对比研究了B和C含量的变化对铸造TiAl基合金宏观和显微组织的影响。结果表明 ，B或C含量的增加均能细化TiAl基合金的晶粒，但二者的作用特点不同。B含量对宏观组织和晶粒尺寸的影响是渐进的，而C对其影响存在一个临界含量。显微观察表明，微量的B就能使合金析出TiB2，随着合金中B含量的增加，硼化物颗粒呈不同的形貌。对于含C合金，当C含量低于临界含量时，在光学尺度上观察不到碳化物相，而当C含量高于临界含量时，合金中生成大量的Ti2AlC碳化物颗粒。讨论了B和C细化TiAl基合金的机制。     

Effect of the salt addition practice on the grain refining efficiency of Al–Ti–B master alloys

The impact of the salt addition practice on the microstructure and grain refining efficiency of Al–Ti–B alloys produced by the “halide salt” route was investigated. The grain refining performance of an experimental Al–5Ti–1B master alloy was optimized when the halide salts were pre-mixed before addition to aluminium melt at 800 °C during the production of the grain refiner. The stirring action provided during salt addition was found to degrade, while a high rate of addition was found to improve, the grain refining efficiency. In view of the above, an improved salt addition practice to ensure an exceptional grain refining performance is claimed to comprise the following steps: melting commercial purity aluminium ingot; addition of pre-mixed salts to molten aluminium at 800 °C, at once to facilitate a rapid salt reaction, gently mixing the salts with the aluminium melt without introducing any stirring. The grain refiner master alloy thus produced gives an average grain size of 102 μm 2 min after inoculation.     

Al-Ti-C中间合金的显微组织与细化性能研究

采用自制的Al-Ti-C中间合金晶粒细化剂,检验其对工业纯铝的细化效果,并通过光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱分析（EDS）等手段研究了不同中间合金组织对工业纯铝的细化性能的影响.结果表明,Al-Ti-C细化剂合金组织由α-Al基体,针状或块状TiAl3相及TiC粒子团组成;Al-Ti-C具有优异的细化α-Al晶粒的性能,添加0.2%的Al-Ti-C后工业纯铝开始获得明显的细化效果;Ti/C比对Al-Ti-C组织有重要影响,在纯铝中添加不同组织的Al-Ti-C产生不同的细化效果,其中块状TiAl3的细化性能优于针状TiAl3;在其它工艺条件不变的前提下,选用Ti/C比为8,添加量为0.4%的中间合金,性价比较为理想.     

Al-Si合金的细化与Ti偏析的研究

研究了不同处理时间、不同位置对Ti偏析及细化效果的影响。结果表明，保温4h，A1—5Ti-1B的细化效果达到最佳。Ti在铸件顶端和底部的偏析程度不一样，在底部偏析更为严重，这主要是由于Ti在浇注过程中聚集的结果。     

An improved practice to manufacture Al–Ti–B master alloys by reacting halide salts with molten aluminium

The well-established “halide salt” route was employed in the present work to produce Al–Ti–B grain refiner alloys with consistent, good properties. The holding step in the production cycle was revised, however, to avoid oxidation of the molten alloy which is believed to be responsible for the relatively low Ti recoveries and thus for the inadequate and inconsistent grain refining efficiency. Stirring during holding was found to degrade the grain refining properties when molten potassium aluminium fluride salt was left on the molten alloy to avoid excessive oxidation. Likewise, holding temperatures higher than 800 °C and holding times longer than 30 min both had an undesirable effect on the grain refining performance. The experimental Al–5Ti–1B grain refiner alloy produced according to the present method provided consistent and better overall grain refining performance.     

变形处理对Al-Ti-C中间合金的影响

研究了变形处理对Al-Ti-C中间合金细化效果的影响。研究表明，采用不同的变形手段对Al-Ti-C中间合金变形以后，其细化效果明显下降，而且随变形量的增加，细化效果下降愈严重。作者分析了变形后Al-Ti-C中间合金的微观组织，发现变形后TiAl3相呈断裂状态，而且在TiAl3相内部分布的TiC颗粒与其分离开来。作者认为这是造成Al-Ti-C中间合金细化效果下降的主要原因。     

AlTiB纳米细化剂对ZL101合金力学及阻尼性能的影响

利用原位自生法合成的纳米晶粒细化剂,成功的克服了颗粒团聚,有效的抑制了颗粒的沉降。本试验用其对ZL101合金的细化行为进行了研究。试验结果表明:加入量为0.2%(质量分数)时,纳米晶粒细化剂可有效地细化初晶α-Al,改善共晶硅的形貌及尺寸,细化后铸态α-Al枝晶尺寸由44μm减小至23μm;经T6处理的细化后试样其拉伸断口为韧窝断口,且韧窝明显多于未细化试样;加入细化剂后保温30min,与未细化合金相比,抗拉强度提高了28MPa,屈服强度提高了22MPa,延伸率增加了2.6%;同时细化后合金的阻尼性能较未细化合金有了大幅提高,0.5Hz时细化后室温阻尼性能Q-1=13×10-3,较之细化前Q-1提高了5×10-3。     

熔体处理及电磁搅拌对AZ91D合金组织的影响

利用金相显微分析等手段，研究了熔体处理及电磁搅拌对AZ91D合金组织的影响。结果表明，C粉对AZ91D合金晶粒具有明显的细化作用，优于C2Cl6和Al—10Sr间合金，无水FeCl3、Al-5Ti—B测效果甚微。熔体处理与电磁搅拌复合作用使AZ91D合金晶粒转化为均匀细小的类球状半固态组织，作用优于单纯的电磁搅拌。     

1200铝合金熔铸工艺研究

从熔铸方面总结了1200铝合金的一些特性，论证了该合金作为空调箔用料优于1100铝合金的一些方面。并从细化晶粒方式着手，讨论了不同细化剂对1200铝合金组织、性能等方面的影响。     

Sn-Sb包晶合金的快速凝固

设计了一种用于Sn-Sb等滑动轴承合金的无容器接触深过冷快速凝固装置.并以热流分析为基础,利用传热模型和物理模型计算了Sn-16%Sb(质量分数)过包晶合金在本装置中的冷却速度.结果表明:在粒子直径为4mm时,粒子的冷却速度为3.1×102K/s;当粒子直径为0.1mm时,冷却速度达到了105K/s.Sn-Sb包晶合金组织显著细化,初生相SnSb化合物高度弥散化.