Coupling of nuclear heating reactor with desalination process

A seawater desalination plant using a nuclear heating reactor (NHR) coupled with the multi-effect distillation (MED) process was developed by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, China. The seawater desalination plant was designed to supply potable water demand to some coastal location or island where both fresh water and energy sources are severely lacking. The NHR design possesses intrinsic and passive safety features, which was demonstrated by the NHR-5 experiences. The intermediate circuit and steam circuit were designed as the safety barriers between the NHR and MED desalination systems. With the power range of the heating reactor within 10 to 200 MWt, the desalination plant could provide 8,000 to 160,000 m³/d of potable water of appropriate quality. The design concept and parameters, safety features, and comparative investigation of coupling schemes are presented in the paper.     

烧碱蒸发装置的改进

通过改进工艺流程，科学确定加热面积的配比，合理选择采盐泵等技术改进措施，提高了生产强度，满足了高气压的生产条件，延长了洗效周期，减少了设备的腐蚀，提高了成品碱的质量，满足了生产联二脲的要求并降低了汽耗和电耗，年可节约ll0万元。     

三层结构的氧化锆陶瓷整体烧结研究

对三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷的整体烧结行为进行了较深入的研究,提出了提高三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷整体烧结的措施。研究结果表明:对于三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷,通过采取波浪型界面结构,改进表面层配方,降低升温速率等手段能获得整体烧结性能良好,抗弯强度达到682MPa,硬度15.56GPa的力学性能优良的复合陶瓷材料。     

供热网循环水泵效率的研究

城市供热系统是极其重要而复杂的大系统,为了提高系统的社会效益和经济效益,从大连北海热电集团热电联产供热管网的实际出发,运用了最小二乘法原理,对采暖循环水泵的性能数据进行曲线拟合,得出了水泵的真正运行状况,并且对使用单台水泵、双台并联或3台并联水泵3种不同情况下的水力工况水泵效率进行了比较和分析。结果表明,单纯地增加并列泵数量对增加流量并无显著变化,并且使并列泵的效率明显下降,只有认真进行严格地工况分析,找到最佳工况点,才能保证整个热系统正常运行。     

约束混凝土柱的升降温全过程轴力分析

利用SAFIR程序,开展了约束混凝土柱的升降温全过程轴力分析。考察了轴向/转动约束刚度比、截面边长、荷载比、荷载偏心率、配筋率、升温时间等参数对ISO834标准升降温过程作用下约束混凝土柱的轴力的影响规律,并与单调升温时的相应规律进行了比较。通过对2880种工况的计算分析,建议给出了该类构件轴力变化系数的实用计算方法。研究结果表明：对于轴向/转动约束混凝土柱,无论单调升温还是先升温后降温,轴力变化系数总体都呈现出先逐渐增大而后有所减小或基本保持稳定,最后以较大速率持续降低的趋势,主要区别在于后期单调升温对应的降低速率一般比先升温后降温时更大;对于先升温后降温的轴向/转动约束混凝土柱,转动约束刚度比、柱长和混凝土保护层厚度对轴力变化系数影响较小,而轴向约束刚度比、荷载偏心率和配筋率越大或荷载比和截面边长越小,轴力变化系数的峰值就越大。     

激光等离子体相互作用的能量吸收机制

基于激光等离子体交互作用的能量吸收机制建立了数学模型,采用PIC方法研究非均匀短脉冲强激光入射到均匀分布的稠密等离子体时的能量吸收机制.对比研究了J×B加热、共振吸收、真空加热三种能量吸收机制,以期找到最适合等离子激光复合熔积成形数值模拟能量吸收机制.     

Numerical analysis on thermal regime in double-loop channel inductor

In order to investigate the temperature distribution, a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) was developed to simulate the temperature regime in the channels of double-loop inductor, and the simulated results were compared with experimental data from low load trials of a 400 kW inductor. The results of numerical simulations, such as the temperature and Joule heating rate, show reasonable correlation with experimental data. The results indicate that Joule heating rate and the temperature reach the maximum at the corners and the minimum at the centre of the cross-section area. The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet is in an inverse proportion to mass transport. Joule heating rate and the temperature are directly proportional to power frequency. It is concluded that mass transport and power frequency play a critical role in determining the temperature regime and Joule heating rate, the relative permeability of the magnetic core shows no significant influence on temperature regime and Joule heating rate, when the relative permeability varies from 5 000 to 10 000.     

供热网循环水泵效率的研究

城市供热系统是极其重要而复杂的大系统,为了提高系统的社会效益和经济效益,从大连北海热电集团热电联产供热管网的实际出发,运用了最小二乘法原理,对采暖循环水泵的性能数据进行曲线拟合,得出了水泵的真正运行状况,并且对使用单台水泵、双台并联或3台并联水泵3种不同情况下的水力工况水泵效率进行了比较和分析。结果表明,单纯地增加并列泵数量对增加流量并无显著变化,并且使并列泵的效率明显下降,只有认真进行严格地工况分析,找到最佳工况点,才能保证整个热系统正常运行。     

集中供热系统适量供热调节技术

集中供热的采暖用户实行计量收费并且具有自调节能力以后,必须要有与用户调节相匹配的运行调节手段,才能实现系统的适量供热.结合集中供热常用的系统形式,分别分析用户、热网及热源在各种运行方式下的调节特性及节能潜力,得出室内系统变流量、循环水泵变转速运行时节能量最高,并给出循环水泵定转速运行及变转速运行下的控制系统方框图.最后指出,应该针对新型供热系统和旧有供热系统的特点,制定相应的整体综合调节策略,才能实现节能最佳.     

小型加热炉炉温微机控制系统

针对小型试验反应器的特点,介绍了PID自整定、串级控制、采样调节、程序适应控制、程序升降温等多种控制策略在该种反应器温度控制上的应用。结果表明,反应器内温稳态温度控制精度高,升降温曲线能很好地跟踪开停工工艺条件,开停工简单方便,参数整定方便,适应性强,控制方式灵活,减轻了操作人员的劳动强度,提高了试验装置的自动化水平。