Influence of laser power on the corrosive behavior of laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V+Cu in artificially prepared sea water

Titanium alloy is an excellent corrosion resistance material due to its greater affinity with oxygen when exposed to an aggressive medium such as sea water. The protection against attack is due to the oxidizing fume formed into its surface. This paper reports the effect of laser power on the corrosive behavior of laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V alloy with 5 weight percent (wt. %) copper in freshly prepared artificial sea water. The open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curves, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphologies of the entire Ti6Al4V+5 Cu alloy samples had been investigated and reported. From the results obtained, it can be deduced that the laser power is inversely proportional to the corrosion rate. Sample PL3 deposited with a laser power of 1600 W exhibited the best corrosion rate of 0.0123 mm/year when exposed to sea water under aerated condition. The morphologies of the entire laser deposited samples of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) unveiled typical passivity due to the strong inter-atomic bonds between the α/β phases formed with the copper inclusion within the lattices of the titanium alloy.     

超滤用于海水淡化预处理的研究进展

良好的预处理是保证反渗透(RO)装置长期稳定运行的关键要素之一.与传统预处理技术相比,UF预处理能够有效降低海水的SDI、浊度和TOC等,为RO装置提供优良、稳定的进水,增强RO膜的可靠性.详细评述了近年来国内外采用UF技术作为RO淡化预处理过程的研究和应用进展.此外,对UF膜的污染和控制对策研究进展也作了评述.UF作为膜法海水预处理技术已成为该领域的发展趋势.     

海水铝-空气燃料电池

叙述了海水－铝空气燃料电池的特性及影响电池功率输出的主要因素，如海水的电导、盐度、温度、铝材料的选择等。试验结果表明，电池工作时正负极之间的液相电阻比海水本身的电阻小得多，但是其液相电阻仍然偏大。海水盐度和温度的变化引起电极电势波动，盐度影响占１０％左右。高纯铝合金电极工作电势比工业铝合金电极的工作电势高２００ｍＶ以上。     

MSF/RO/ED海水淡化技术研究

综述了世界水资源形势以及海水淡化技术的发展现状,概括了海水淡化技术的主要方法,着重介绍了多级闪蒸海水淡化法(MSF)、反渗透法(RO)和电渗析法(ED),从各种装置的组件、能耗以及淡化过程等入手,总结3种方法的优势与不足,针对性提出了解决问题的方法以及发展方向,以降低使用成本,并探讨和展望了今后的海水淡化技术。     

海水中微量氟的测定

用柠檬酸钠和EDTA来消除Al^3 ,Fe^3＋等干扰离子的影响；采用标准加入法消除盐类对电位的影响；在pH=6.5时，用氟离子选择电极测海水中氟的电位。最后，通过格氏作图法测得海水中氟的含量。回收率为98％－105％。此方法分析快速、结果准确、可靠。     

常用金属海水腐蚀数据管理及预测系统

使用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ语言在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下编制了金属海水腐蚀数据管理和预测系统。该系统除包括数据浏览,录入,编辑等常用的管理功能外还具备关系型查询功能以及一定的预测功能。预测模块包括人工神经模型预测和灰色模型预测,使该系统不仅可查阅常用金属在我国典型海域的腐蚀行为,还能够预测材料的长期腐蚀速度及新材料在其它海域的腐蚀速度。     

海水中碳钢内锈层中的微生物及其对腐蚀的影响

通过在海水中现场挂样,检测了碳钢内锈层中的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)、异养菌、铁细菌和硫 氧化菌的数量,用SEM观察了内锈层中腐蚀性细菌的形态和分布,并测定了内锈层中的FeS含量,研究了内锈层中微生物对碳钢海水腐蚀的影响及碳钢内锈层中的微生物及其腐蚀与大型生物、锈层、温度等的关系.结果表明：碳钢在海水中暴露1～120个月,内锈层中有大量的硫酸盐还原菌聚集,同时有不同数量的异养菌、铁细菌和中性硫氧化菌存在;内锈层中有高含量的FeS,并随暴露时间的延长而增加.在青岛、榆林海水中暴露1个月,碳钢的腐蚀已经受到微生物,尤其是SRB的显著影响.     

Effects of natural and synthetic surface active substances on the electrochemical reduction of cadmium in natural waters

Effects of surface active substances, natural and synthetic, in selected samples of seawater, river water and industrial effluents on the oxidation-reduction processes of cadmium have been studied by electrochemical methods and compared with the behaviour of different model compounds.Kinetic parameters, transfer coefficient α and apparent standard rate constant of the cadmium electrode reaction have been estimated from the shape and the height of the corresponding differential pulse voltammograms using theoretical curves obtained by digital simulation of the electrode process. The measure of the inhibition effect of surface active substances on the electrode reaction of cadmium was expressed in terms of the ratio of the rate constants determined in the presence and in the absence of surface active substances.It was found that the degree of inhibition depends on the concentration and type of surface active substances and on the pH of solution.     

压力交换式能量回收器在反渗透海水淡化技术中的应用

在反渗透海水淡化系统中，高压系统中采用压力交换式能量回收器，大大地降低海水淡化的能耗。压力交换式能量回收器的能量回收效率达到95％以上，本文从其工作原理和反渗透海水淡化设计上阐述其应用的优点。     

碳达峰、碳中和目标下中国核能发展路径分析

在碳达峰、碳中和目标下(简称"双碳"目标),中国能源系统将继续加快清洁低碳转型.核能具有生产过程不排放温室气体、全寿期碳排放量小、能量密度高、无间歇性等优点,可通过规模替代化石能源助力能源系统转型.通过梳理中国能源系统现状和核能发展基础,总结多方研究给出的能源发展目标,分析核能在发电、制氢、区域供热、海水淡化等领域的发...