Vehicle guidance by delineation systems at night

Abstract

Car and road designs are considered to be better when they require less driver attention and allow drivers to behave more as a supervisory controller in coping with normal, multi-task driving. In this paper an example is presented with respect to road design and, more specifically, with respect to various configurations of delineation on wet roads at night. The criteria for supervisory control are focused on drivers' observation strategy in terms of ‘free times’ available for tasks beyond lateral vehicle control, on drivers' control strategy in terms of amplitudes and frequencies of steering-wheel movements, and on the overall driving performance in terms of variations in lateral position and yaw rate.

The research findings on straight and curved roads recommend the necessity of using delineation devices at both sides of the traffic lane by the implementation of profiled stripes, raised pavement markers at the location of the centre and/or lane boundaries, or post-mounted delineators just beside the boundary. Post-mounted delineators on larger cross distances are less effective. The longitudinal spacing between the raised pavement markers has to be restricted up to 12 m for curves with radii for 200 m and up to 24 m for straight roads.     

Understanding forced adoption of self-service technology: the impacts of users’ psychological reactance

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, information system, and mobile technologies, some companies (e.g. airlines) consider fully replacing service employees with self-service technologies (SSTs) to cut down costs and to increase efficiency. However, replacing full services with SSTs sometimes fail to deliver the benefits companies have hoped for: users may feel that they are being forced to use SSTs and show resistance to the new technologies. To investigate why users show resistance, we draw inferences from psychological reactance theory and argue that users may perceive the forced adoption as a threat, which leads to resistance of SSTs. A conceptual model was developed and an empirical study was conducted. The results show that, under a forced situation, users are likely to perceive the forced adoption as a threat to their freedom, causing them to have negative emotions and perceptions towards the SSTs, and, in turn, their adoption intention decreases and switch intention increases. The findings provide insights on why users show resistance to SSTs and highlight the impacts of the motivational state of psychological reactance.     

浅谈大型接地系统的设计和分析

随着发变电站装机容量和占地面积的增加,接地系统的规模和复杂度也不断提高,这为接地系统的设计和分析带来了新的挑战。为了更好地进行大型接地系统设计和分析,首先介绍了基本的设计流程,重点介绍了进行大型接地系统设计分析与常规接地系统相比需考虑的新问题。分析结果表明,与常规的接地系统设计分析相比,在进行大型接地系统设计时除了要考虑土壤结构、接地系统形状等常规因素外,还需要考虑计算方法、接地系统内部环流、短路电流入地点和导体材料等方面的影响,否则会对计算结果带来显著的误差,容易造成安全隐患。     

一起500kV主变压器爆炸原因分析

针对一起变电站500 kV主变压器爆炸事件,根据事件后主变压器的外观、保护动作情况以及现场视频文件,确定主变压器爆炸是内部故障引起的;结合主变压器其他相别的历史检修记录、运行情况以及本次故障电流的大小,进一步确定主变压器内部故障为金属性短路;最后根据主变压器本体及套管解体后发现的内部放电灼烧痕迹以及变压器的结构特点,阐明了主变压器爆炸的形成机理及短路故障的发展过程。     

大型汽轮发电机转子匝间短路故障的诊断及定位

针对目前大型汽轮发电机的转子匝间短路故障频发,但发电机转子故障的在线检测方法存在易受现场干扰误报,无法对故障点做出定位等缺点,以一起700 MW的大型汽轮发电机跳机事故为案例,应用两极电压平衡原理,基于两极结构对称分布特性的直流电压分布试验方法,对发电机转子绕组的匝间短路故障进行故障诊断和定位分析,结果表明,该方法可以对发电机转子励磁绕组匝间短路故障进行精确定位。     

基于WINDOWS界面的短路实用计算程序

采用语法简练易懂、查错功能强大的MATLAB语言来编写短路计算程序.该程序以节点导纳矩阵及运算曲线法作为数学模型,可以进行任意时刻、任意支路的电压、电流计算.设计完成后,运用该程序对算例进行了分析,并和手工计算的结果进行比较,验证程序的实用性.     

断路器200kA通断能力试验对系统电压的影响

进行大容量通断能力试验会对电力系统产生一定的影响,为此通过程序仿真模拟断路器通断能力试验的工况,进行瞬时电压跌落及电网稳定的计算分析。     

安徽"十一五"电网的短路电流水平分析及限制措施研究

随着安徽电网规模的不断扩大,系统短路电流水平逐年增长,某些开关设备的遮断容量已接近或超过了额定值.对安徽"十一五"电网的短路电流水平进行了分析和计算,找出短路电流水平的薄弱环节,并分别通过采用分层分区、变压器中性点加装小电抗、加装故障限流器等措施对短路电流进行限制,以保证电网安全稳定运行.     

一种基于CSRR＿CRLH TL的带通滤波器设计

提出一种基于探针加载的互补开口谐振环(CSRR)的复合左右手传输线(CRLH TL)结构。利用CSRR+CRLH结构的谐振特性,并通过延长CRLH耦合缝隙的长度以及增加CSRR中短路探针的数量,在引入传输零点的同时缩小了滤波器的尺寸。经过仿真优化,实现了滤波器宽频带、高选择性和小型化设计。加工了基于该结构的带通滤波器样机,样机整体尺寸为30mm×15mm×1.35mm。测试结果表明,滤波器的中心频率及插入损耗分别为6.6GHz和0.65dB,3 dB带宽为9.3 GHz,在无线通信、导航等微波系统中具有良好的应用前景。     

电力系统短路试验合闸角的准确控制

介绍了高精度定时的实现、定时起点的获得及开关延时的测量,阐述了控制系统中实现合闸角准确控制的原理和方法,并给出了相应的波形图。在此控制系统中选用Delphi 7.0作为应用程序的开发工具。结果表明:该控制系统对合闸角的准确控制能够满足电力系统短路试验的要求。