用于CSNS反角白光中子源的双屏栅电离室设计及性能研究

为测量中国散裂中子源（China Spallation Neutron Source, CSNS）反角白光中子源150 keV以下能区飞行时间法中子能谱,研制基于¹⁰B(n, α)⁷Li和⁶Li(n, t)α核反应的双屏栅电离室,采用薄窗和薄底衬的结构设计。通过Garfield++、SRIM和Simcenter Magnet Electric程序对屏栅电离室的工作气体、极间距和电场分布等工作参数进行模拟设计,并采用α源及CF₄、P10、90%Ar-10%CO₂三种气体对电离室进行性能参数测试。结果表明,选定电子漂移速度快、扩散系数小,以及阻止本领大的CF4作为CSNS/Back-n束上测试工作气体,阴极-栅极和栅极-阳极间距分别为20 mm和5 mm。屏栅电离室收集区74 mm范围内是电场均匀区,场强的相对偏差≤0.03%;性能测试结果表明,工作气体为CF₄时,电离室对²³⁹Pu/²⁴¹Am/²⁴⁴Cm混合α面源具有很好的能量分辨,最佳能量分辨率为2.4%@5.48 MeV。对比平板型电离室和硅微条探测器的测量结果,验证了本工作研制的屏栅型电离室的能量分辨优势。     

微型中子源堆低浓化堆芯的探讨

通过对２３５Ｕ富集度为１９．９％的ＵＯ２和Ｕ３Ｓｉ２－Ａｌ的弥散体２种燃料进行物理计算，从中筛选出了优化的堆芯方案，并对其静态物理参数，诸如有效倍增因子、绝对中子通量密度、上铍反射层反应性价值、反应性温度系数、控制棒价值等进行了计算。     

镭厂退役废物分类与处理处置

由于镭厂退役废物的多样性,多必须适当分类后才能分别进行处理处置。利用现有条件,将含镭低放废物进行废铀矿井处置是合理,安全和经济的。     

Onset of Darcy‐Brinkman Convection in a Binary Viscoelastic Fluid‐Saturated Porous Layer with Internal Heat Source

The onset of Darcy‐Brinkman convection in a binary viscoelastic fluid‐saturated sparsely packed porous layer with an internal heat source is studied using both linear and nonlinear stability analyses. The Oldroyd‐B model is employed to describe the rheological behavior of binary fluid. An extended form of the Darcy‐Oldroyd law incorporating Brinkman's correction and time derivative is used to describe the flow through a porous layer. The onset criterion for stationary, oscillatory, and finite amplitude convection is derived analytically. There is a competition between the processes of thermal diffusion, solute diffusion, and viscoelasticity that causes the convection to set in through an oscillatory mode rather than a stationary mode. The effect of internal Rayleigh number, relaxation and retardation parameters, solute Rayleigh number, Darcy number, Darcy‐Prandtl number, and Lewis number on the stability of a system is investigated and is shown graphically. The nonlinear theory based on the truncated representation of the Fourier series method is used to find heat and mass transfer. The transient behavior of the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is obtained using numerical methods. Some known results are recovered for the particular cases of the present study. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 42(8): 676–703, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj ). DOI 10.1002/htj.21056     

白俄罗斯辐射化学领域的研究与发展现状

本文扼要介绍了白俄罗斯共和国在辐射化学领域具有代表性的仪器设备及主要的研究进展 。     

Numerical simulation of asymmetric flow of coupled heat and mass transfer in a square cavity

The heat and mass transfer of fluid in a square cavity with a solutal and thermal source is numerically investigated. For different Rayleigh numbers, buoyancy ratio, Soret and Dufour numbers, the bifurcation characteristics of heat and mass transfer in a symmetrical square cavity are studied systematically. The results show that there is a critical Ra_c for onset of bifurcation that changes the fluid flow pattern. When Ra < Ra_c, the streamline, temperature and concentration are symmetrically distributed; when Ra > Ra_c, the transition from a symmetrical state to a stable asymmetric state is observed. The fluid is more prone to bifurcation with increasing of buoyancy. An increment to the Soret and Dufour effects enhances heat transfer symmetry and increases the critical Rayleigh number for breaking symmetry.     

基于人体感应技术交流电源连接器的设计与制作

很多时候,当人们离开用电场所由于没有及时切断电源,会造成电能的浪费甚至引发火灾事故。所以,运用较为成熟的红外感应及无线收发射技术,在电源与用电设备之间,研究设计了一种具有自动断电保护功能的交流电源连接装置。经过实际试用表明,这种连接器确有节电保安效果,具有实际推广应用的价值。     

CO2焊逆变式电源电子电抗的变结构控制仿真研究

介绍了一种适合用于CO2焊逆变式电源的电子电抗变结构控制方法.运用该方法和Matlab仿真工具,建立了电子电抗变结构控制仿真模型,并对电子电抗变结构控制的逆变式电源-电孤动态系统进行仿真.对比线性电子电抗控制和变结构电子电抗控制的不同结果,获得短路阶段电流初始上升率和后期上升率的不同,以及燃弧电流初始下降率和后期下降率的不同的电流波形,有效限制短路峰值电流,提高燃弧能量.试焊结果表明,电子电抗变结构控制的CO2焊逆变式电源对减小焊接飞溅和改善焊缝成形有着明显效果.     

信源可信度对核电公众接受影响的研究

公众对核电的态度受各种信息的影响,信息源可信度是说服力的重要决定因素.在我国,核安全监管机构、核电企业和专家是主要的核信息发布源,研究不同信息源可信度对公众核电态度的影响对核电的可持续发展十分重要.本研究基于源可信度理论,考察了公众对不同信源的可信度认知,构建了核电公众接受回归模型并开展实证研究.研究发现,不同源的可信...