微观孔隙结构与聚合物匹配性研究

大庆油田采油五厂在总结其动态变化特征及调整方法时发现,油层发育相似的井聚驱效果、增产措施效果会存在一定的差异,从杏十三区聚驱工业区沉积相带图看,大面积发育河道的层位,孔隙结构存在较大差异,因此针对孔隙结构进行室内入注能力的研究,通过分析聚合物与孔隙结构的匹配关系,结合室内研究成果,确定了微观空隙结构与聚合物的匹配模板.     

采用不同锰源合成尖晶石LiMn2O4正极材料

The spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material was synthesized with the solid-state reaction method. Four manganese compounds including electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), MnCO3, Mn3O4 and nano-EMD were used as Mn sources while LiOH·H2O was used as the uniform Li source. The crystal structure characteristics of these samples produced were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, particle size distribution analysis and specific surface area testing. Their electrochemical properties were also studied by comparing their specific capacity, charge and discharge efficiency and cycle performance.     

采用不同锰源合成尖晶石LiMn2O4正极材料

The spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material was synthesized with the solid-state reaction method. Four manganese compounds including electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), MnCO3, Mn3O4 and nano-EMD were used as Mn sources while LiOH.H2O was used as the uniform Li source. The crystal structure characteristics of these samples produced were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, particle size distribution analysis and specific surface area testing. Their electrochemical properties were also studied by comparing their specific capacity, charge and discharge efficiency and cycle performance.     

Structural,microstructural and electrochemical studies on LiMn2-x(GdAl)xO4 with spinel structure as cathode material for Li-ion batteries

Gd and Al co-doped LiMn_2-x(GdAl)_xO₄ (x?=?0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05) materials with spinel structure were synthesized by sol–gel method. Powder X-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of cubic spinel structure and average particle sizes are found to be between 80 and 110?nm from FE-SEM and TEM analysis. Decrease in peak potential difference as a function of doping in Cyclic Voltammetry results establishes enhancement in Li⁺ intercalation and de-intercalation. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results showed that accumulation of charges on electrode has improved with doping over pristine samples. At a doping of x?=?0.02 charge transfer resistance values were found to be least. First cycle charge–discharge profiles for LiMn_1.96(GdAl)_0.02O₄ shows 139.2?mAh/g discharge capacity over other doped derivatives and pure LiMn₂O₄ (119.6?mAh/g) in aqueous Li₂SO₄ electrolyte. Doping of x?=?0.02 exhibit good cycling performance with only a total 4% capacity loss after 30 cycles.     

Enzymatic Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of 1‐Caffeoylglycerol Prepared from Alkyl Caffeates and Glycerol

Caffeic acid (CA) as a strong antioxidant has lower solubility in nonpolar media, which limits its application in the food industry. To increase the lipophilicity of CA, 1‐caffeoylglycerol (1‐CG) was synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed transesterification of alkyl caffeates in solvent‐free system and its antioxidant capacity was investigated. Methyl caffeate was screened as the appropriate substrate from tested alkyl caffeates with a yield of 90.63%. Ethyl acetate was used for extracting 1‐CG from enzymatic reactants and could be easily recycled. The produced 1‐CG had 2.5‐ and 10‐fold lower values of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) (10.86 and 3.99 μM) than butylated hydroxyanisole by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and β‐carotene‐linoleic acid assays, respectively. Thus, 1‐CG is an excellent antioxidant for application in the functional food industry. Using alkyl caffeates and glycerol as substrates to produce 1‐CG catalyzed by immobilized lipase in a solvent‐free system is a simple, selective, and safe bioprocess that can readily be achieved in the food industry, and the product 1‐CG could be widely applied in food, nutraceutical, and biotechnological products.     

添加纳米SiO2对单组分及二元硝酸盐热物性的影响

熔盐作为相变材料,可以用作聚热太阳能电站中的储热介质,通过向基盐中添加不同比例的纳米材料可以显著增强熔盐的热物性。将20 nm的SiO₂纳米颗粒分别分散到硝酸钾、硝酸钠和solar salt （60% NaNO₃,40% KNO₃,均为质量分数）中制备成稳定的纳米流体,制备的每一种纳米流体都经过溶解、超生、干燥蒸发等过程。采用差式扫描量热法测量熔盐的比热容、熔化潜热、熔点等热物理性质,并采用激光闪射法对基盐和纳米熔盐的热扩散系数进行测量和分析。结果表明,SiO₂颗粒的添加对硝酸钠、硝酸钾和solar salt的熔化潜热、比热容和热导率等热物理性质有显著的影响。与基盐相比,solar salt、硝酸钾和硝酸钠在液态的比热容值分别增加了4.7%～15.89%、3.9%～33.5%、1.9%～11.86%;测得的热导率分别最大增加了17.16%、39.7%、9.5%。     

转盘离心雾化高黏非牛顿流体薄液膜纤维化特性

高黏性流体经转盘离心雾化以液滴形式进入气相可显著改善气液相间接触,其纤维化特性直接决定了雾化液滴的尺寸,是影响物料品质的关键因素。针对转盘离心雾化器,对非牛顿黏性液膜失稳纤维化过程的物理机制进行了分析,分析了高黏度流体,仅考虑黏性作用时,黏性力对纤维间距的贡献,建立了黏性力与表面张力耦合作用下液膜破碎的纤维间距预测模型,探讨了液膜纤维化的一般规律。结果表明,黏性对液膜的失稳纤维化起抑制作用,黏度提高,纤维数量减小,纤维间距增大。纤维数量与转盘边缘液膜线速度相关。进入完全纤维状模式后,纤维数量趋于稳定,提高转速引起纤维数量稳定的流量范围缩小,不利于雾化,可采用低转速、大直径转盘改善雾化效果。非牛顿高黏流体液膜破碎后的纤维数量与Weber数、等效Reynolds数和流变指数直接相关。研究结果对高黏流体的转盘离心雾化系统设计与优化提供了可借鉴的理论与应用基础。     

尿素工艺DCS控制系统增容设想

在现有DCS控制系统的基础上,进行了初步增容改造的设想,对CO2压缩机和合成系统增加了部分新的控制手段和方法。     

东滩矿选煤厂现状分析及技术改造方案

介绍东滩矿选煤厂的生产情况,核定各系统、各环节生产能力,并确定其综合生产能力,据此提出了改造方案。