铸态及快淬态无钴AB5型贮氢合金的循环稳定性

对AB5型LaxMm1-x(NiMnSiAlFe)49(x=0,0.45,0.75,1.00,摩尔分数)贮氢合金进行了快淬处理,研究了La含量及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响.结果表明:La含量的增加对铸态合金的循环稳定性没有明显影响,但使快淬态合金的循环稳定性下降,且快淬处理能显著提高合金的循环稳定性.当La替代量从0增加到1.00时,经300次充放循环后,铸态合金的容量保持率(Rh)从59.2%增加到59.8%;16 m/s淬速快淬态合金的容量保持率从83.9%下降到65.0%.对于x=0.45的合金,当淬速从0(铸态被定义为淬速等于0)增加到28 m/s时,容量保持率从59.8%增加到75.8%.     

二元稀土系AB5型贮氢电极合金的放电容量与晶胞体积和4f电子浓度的关系

制备了6个系列通式为AαA‘1-αB5的RE(NiCoMnTi)5贮氢电极合金(其中，AαA‘1-α为La，Ce，Pr，Nd4个元素中任意2个的组合)，测定了它们在100次循环中的最大放电容量Cmax及部分合金的晶胞体积Vcell．结果表明：Cmax主要由Vcell决定，Cmax先随Vcell的增大而增加，在Vcell≈85．66x10^-^3。nm^3时达到一极大值，然后又随Vcell的增大而减小；同时，Cmax还与4f电子浓度ne4f／naRE有关，A侧具有相同4f电子浓度的合金其Cmax随4f电子浓度的变化趋势相似．     

GCase and LIMP2 Abnormalities in the Liver of Niemann Pick Type C Mice

The lysosomal storage disease Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) is caused by impaired cholesterol efflux from lysosomes, which is accompanied by secondary lysosomal accumulation of sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Similar to Gaucher disease (GD), patients deficient in glucocerebrosidase (GCase) degrading GlcCer, NPC patients show an elevated glucosylsphingosine and glucosylated cholesterol. In livers of mice lacking the lysosomal cholesterol efflux transporter NPC1, we investigated the expression of established biomarkers of lipid-laden macrophages of GD patients, their GCase status, and content on the cytosol facing glucosylceramidase GBA2 and lysosomal integral membrane protein type B (LIMP2), a transporter of newly formed GCase to lysosomes. Livers of 80-week-old Npc1^−/− mice showed a partially reduced GCase protein and enzymatic activity. In contrast, GBA2 levels tended to be reciprocally increased with the GCase deficiency. In Npc1^−/− liver, increased expression of lysosomal enzymes (cathepsin D, acid ceramidase) was observed as well as increased markers of lipid-stressed macrophages (GPNMB and galectin-3). Immunohistochemistry showed that the latter markers are expressed by lipid laden Kupffer cells. Earlier reported increase of LIMP2 in Npc1^−/− liver was confirmed. Unexpectedly, immunohistochemistry showed that LIMP2 is particularly overexpressed in the hepatocytes of the Npc1^−/− liver. LIMP2 in these hepatocytes seems not to only localize to (endo)lysosomes. The recent recognition that LIMP2 harbors a cholesterol channel prompts the speculation that LIMP2 in Npc1^−/− hepatocytes might mediate export of cholesterol into the bile and thus protects the hepatocytes.     

大型软包锂离子电池的热物性实验研究

针对大型软包锂离子电池热物性参数的测定问题,提出适用于该型电池的热参数表征方法. 基于准稳态导热原理,建立电池的传热理论模型. 开展实验研究电池的比定压热容和导热系数与温度的依变关系,分析热损对测试结果的影响,对测试方法的有效性进行验证. 结果表明,电池比定压热容随着温度的升高而线性增大,导热系数受温度的影响较小. 在900 s内可以测得电池热参数在10~60 °C下的变化状况,实验验证结果显示测算精度高于92.3%,具有测算周期短、准确度高和测试灵活等优势.     

Activation of hydrogen storage materials in the Li–Mg–N–H system: Effect on storage properties

We investigate the thermodynamics, kinetics, and capacity of the hydrogen storage reaction: Li₂Mg(NH)₂ + 2H₂  Mg(NH₂)₂ + 2LiH. Starting with LiNH₂ and MgH₂, two distinct procedures have been previously proposed for activating samples to induce the reversible storage reaction. We clarify here the impact of these two activation procedures on the resulting capacity for the Li–Mg–N–H reaction. Additionally, we measure the temperature-dependent kinetic absorption data for this hydrogen storage system. Finally, our experiments confirm the previously reported formation enthalpy (ΔH), hydrogen capacity, and pressure–composition–isotherm (PCI) data, and suggest that this system represents a kinetically (but not thermodynamically) limited system for vehicular on-board storage applications.     

Structural stability of single-layered LaNi4.25Al0.75 film and its electrochemical hydrogen-storage properties

AB5-based hydrogen storage thin fdms （LaNi4.25Al0.75）, deposited on Cu substrate by dc magnetron sputtering were investigated in this study. X-ray diffraction （XRD） revealed that the microstructure of the layer was in crystal form. SEM and AFM analyses proved that the film appeared to be rather rough with numerous randomly sized pores of approximately 15-40 in nm diameter. Structural stability of the film was examined by the combined analyses of DSC, XRD, and SEM, which indicated that this film maintained its structural stability below 500 K or so, and a network structure was observed on the film after being heated at 700 K for 30 min. Electrochemical hydrogen-storage properties of the films were investigated by simulated battery tests. It was found that single-layered LaNi4.25A10.75 film exhibited electrochemical hydrogen-storage properties similar to typical AB5 alloys in bulk, and the maximum discharge capacity of the film was about 220 mAh/g. After 20 charge/discharge cycles, small needle-shaped aluminium oxide was formed on some fractions of the film surface.     

高海拔变电站蓄电池及UPS容量选择及修正

高海拔地区环境温度、空气密度及气压低,在选择变电站站用蓄电池及UPS容量时应进行必要的修正,以满足变电站的用电需求。结合阿里与藏中联网工程的某500 k V变电站项目,对高海拔变电站蓄电池及UPS容量选择进行了探讨分析,希望能为类似工程提供参考。     

An Engineered sgsh Mutant Zebrafish Recapitulates Molecular and Behavioural Pathobiology of Sanfilippo Syndrome A/MPS IIIA

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA, Sanfilippo syndrome type A), a paediatric neurological lysosomal storage disease, is caused by impaired function of the enzyme N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH) resulting in impaired catabolism of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (HS GAG) and its accumulation in tissues. MPS IIIA represents a significant proportion of childhood dementias. This condition generally leads to patient death in the teenage years, yet no effective therapy exists for MPS IIIA and a complete understanding of the mechanisms of MPS IIIA pathogenesis is lacking. Here, we employ targeted CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis to generate a model of MPS IIIA in the zebrafish, a model organism with strong genetic tractability and amenity for high-throughput screening. The sgsh^Δex5−6 zebrafish mutant exhibits a complete absence of Sgsh enzymatic activity, leading to progressive accumulation of HS degradation products with age. sgsh^Δex5−6 zebrafish faithfully recapitulate diverse CNS-specific features of MPS IIIA, including neuronal lysosomal overabundance, complex behavioural phenotypes, and profound, lifelong neuroinflammation. We further demonstrate that neuroinflammation in sgsh^Δex5−6 zebrafish is largely dependent on interleukin-1β and can be attenuated via the pharmacological inhibition of Caspase-1, which partially rescues behavioural abnormalities in sgsh^Δex5−6 mutant larvae in a context-dependent manner. We expect the sgsh^Δex5−6 zebrafish mutant to be a valuable resource in gaining a better understanding of MPS IIIA pathobiology towards the development of timely and effective therapeutic interventions.     

化学交联聚酰亚胺隔膜增强锂离子电池性能研究

隔膜作为锂离子电池的重要组成部分,用于阻隔阴极和阳极直接接触,同时为锂离子在电极间的传输提供有效通道。聚酰亚胺隔膜因其具有充放电循环寿命长、机械强度适中、良好的电绝缘性能以及自熄能力等优点,而受到广泛关注。以对苯二甲胺作为交联剂,将聚酰亚胺隔膜进行化学交联,研究了交联时间与隔膜形貌、结构及性能之间的构效关系。随着交联时间的增加,隔膜的孔隙率和吸液率逐渐降低,电解液接触角和机械强度逐渐增大。电化学测试表明,随着交联时间的增加,隔膜的本体阻抗逐渐增大,进而离子电导率逐渐降低,而交联隔膜的界面阻抗均远小于未交联隔膜,且交联隔膜的电化学窗口也均大于未交联隔膜。通过组装半电池测试发现,交联隔膜所组装电池的倍率性能和循环性能均优于未交联隔膜,当交联时间为48 h时,电池性能表现最优,循环100次以后,放电比容量为130.2 mA·h/g,容量保留率为91.1%。     

含储能型虚拟同步发电机的直驱风机并网系统自适应协调阻尼控制策略

储能型虚拟同步发电机(VSG)的灵活控制特性能够为风电并网系统提供有效的频率和电压支撑,然而系统振荡特性会受到一定程度的影响,同时风电时变出力特性导致的运行点变化也将使得定参数阻尼控制表现出适应性不足的问题.为此,提出了适应风电出力时变特性的自适应协调阻尼控制策略.首先,在风电并网系统状态空间模型的基础上推导线性变参数模型,以直驱风机的有功功率为调度变量,根据稳定域确定运行空间范围;然后,利用间隙度量对运行空间进行划分,确定各子运行空间的典型运行点并将其作为多胞形顶点,建立调度增益与系统运行工况以及控制器的映射关系;最后,针对不同频率振荡模式协调设计自适应控制器.测试系统的仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应协调阻尼控制器不仅能够同时阻尼含储能型VSG并网系统中的次同步振荡和低频振荡,也能在风电出力大范围时变工况下保持良好的阻尼水平.