Achieving fair service with a hybrid scheduling scheme for CICQ switches

Providing performance guarantees for arriving traffic flows has become an important measure for today’s routing and switching systems. However, none of current scheduling algorithms built on CICQ (combined input and cross-point buffered) switches can provide flow level performance guarantees. Aiming at meeting this requirement, the feasibility of implementing flow level scheduling is discussed thoroughly. Then, based on the discussion, it comes up with a hybrid and stratified fair scheduling (HSFS) scheme, which is hierarchical and hybrid, for CICQ switches. With HSFS, each input port and output port can schedule variable length packets independently with a complexity of O(1). Theoretical analysis show that HSFS can provide delay bound, service rate and fair performance guarantees without speedup. Finally, we implement HSFS in SPES (switch performance evaluation system) to verify the analytical results.     

试论开关电源的电磁干扰

开关电源因体积小、功率因数较大等优点而在通信、控制、计算机等领域广泛应用,但其产生的电磁干扰在一定程度上限制了它的使用。文中简单介绍了开关电源电磁干扰的相关概念,分析了开关电源电磁干扰产生的机理,介绍了实施开关电源电磁兼容的方法,并结合实际实用,介绍了开关电源目前常用的抑制干扰的具体措施。     

基于IPv6组播的M-FHM IPv6切换技术

由于快速分层切换技术FHMIPv6将FMIPv6和HMIPv6切换技术结合起来,因此,在层次移动管理模型中部署快速切换时具有两种技术所具有的优点,可使切换延时进一步减少。文中通过对FHMIPv6的研究发现,其切换过程中DAD重复地址检测过程严重影响了切换性能,因此提出了基于IPv6组播的M-FHMIPv6切换技术。理论分析证明,M-FHMIPv6能有效减少DAD检测过程和各种信息交互的延迟。通过NS2实验仿真进一步说明:改进的M-FHMIPv6方案能减少切换延迟,平滑切换过程。     

高速分组交换网络中调度器的设计

为了满足迅猛发展的网络业务对网络服务质量提出的更高要求,使用高速分组网络交换机中的队列调度器可以有效地提供高质量的网络服务。通过采用分级式队列调度和四种队列调度算法有效地实现了队列调度器的设计。并且深入地比较和分析了队列调度器中多种队列调度算法的优缺点,尤其是对DRR调度算法进行了优化和改进。最后。对所设计的电路进行了仿真验证和电路综合,结果表明该调度器可以满足网络对服务质量的更高要求,并且能够应用到高速分组交换网络的调度器设计中。     

Protection switching schemes and mapping strategies for fail-operational hard real-time NoCs

Communication infrastructures designed for mixed-critical MPSoCs must provide isolation of traffic, hard real-time guarantees, and fault-tolerance. In previous work, we proposed the combination of protection-switching with a hybrid Time-Division-Multiplexed (TDM) and packet-switched Network-on-Chip (NoC) to achieve all three goals. In this paper, we present an FPGA implementation of such a NoC with all its features. We give synthesis results for the hybrid NoC, including the network interface, and show that our router uses over 32% fewer LUTs and registers than a competitive state-of-the-art router for mixed-critical MPSoC. We then explore different channel and task mapping strategies for critical applications which use protection switching and evaluate the effect these mappings have on the best-effort (BE) traffic in the system. Results show, that spreading out the critical traffic rather than naively dividing the system in critical and non-critical application domains is advantageous or even necessary in many cases and can allow for up to 13% more BE traffic. We give a comprehensive trade-off analysis of three protection switching schemes—1:n, 1:1, and 1+1—and show that 1+1 protection has less than half the worst case latency for critical traffic that 1:n and 1:1 protection have. At the same time, 1+1 protection, on average, only causes a 1.18% earlier saturation rate for BE traffic, which we consider to be affordable. We conclude that 1+1 protection is ideally suited for use in mixed-critical systems with high safety requirements.     

基于强跟踪滤波器的开关变换器故障诊断

Buck变换器又称降压变换器、串联开关稳压电源、三端开关型降压稳压器。广泛用于计算机、家用电器、控制系统和通信系统中的电源几乎都是开关电源,具有超快速负载动态响应、高功率变换效率、高功率密度、低电压、大电流的特性.开关变换器作为它的主要电路,故障率较高,对它故障诊断研究是有意义的。基于强跟踪滤波理论,给出了一种开关变换器电路故障实时诊断的一种方法。该方法以建立一种开关变换器电路状态空间模型为基础,利用强跟踪滤波器对电路状态及元件参数进行估计,当元件参数发生软、硬型故障时,根据强跟踪滤波器对元件参数的跟踪结果及修正的Bayes分类算法,可实时诊断开关变换器电路中的元件故障。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

Contrast‐enhanced wide‐angle high‐speed polarization modulator for active‐retarder 3‐D displays

Abstract— A contrast‐enhanced wide‐angle high‐speed polarization modulator for active‐retarder 3‐D displays is proposed. By using a double liquid‐crystal‐cell structure together with a dedicated driving scheme and an external quarter‐wave retarder, a high‐performance modulator can be realized, resulting in minimized brightness loss and low cross‐talk levels in fast‐refresh time‐multiplexed 3‐D displays.     

OAZE: A network-friendly distributed zapping system for peer-to-peer IPTV

IPTV systems attracting millions of users are now commonly deployed on peer-to-peer (P2P) infrastructures and provide an appealing alternative to multicast-based systems. Typically, a P2P overlay network is associated with each channel, composed of users who receive, watch and redistribute this channel. Yet, channel surfing (aka as zapping) involves switching overlays and may introduce delays, potentially hurting the user experience when compared to multicast-based IPTV. In this paper, we present a distributed system called OAZE (Overlay Augmentation for Zapping Experience) which speeds up the switching process and reduces the overall cross-domain traffic generated by the IPTV system. In OAZE, each peer maintains connections to other peers, not only in a given channel, but also in a subset of all channels to which the associated user is likely to zap. More specifically, we focus on the channel assignment problem, i.e. determining, in a given P2P overlay, the optimal distribution of the responsibility to maintain contact peers to other channels. We propose an approximate algorithm providing guaranteed performances, and a simpler and more practical one. Our experimental results show that OAZE leads to substantial improvements on the connections between peers, resulting in less switching delay and lower network cost; it then represents an appealing add-on for existing P2P IPTV systems.     

特高压直流送端系统的运行约束及新能源消纳挑战研究

针对特高压直流工程投运后电网特性的变化,分析了电力系统安全、经济运行面临的挑战及可采取的对策。首先在简要介绍直流系统故障的基础上,分别针对有功回退引起的暂态功角稳定问题与无功冗余造成的暂态过电压问题进行了理论分析,并根据陕西电网仿真计算结果进一步说明直流投运后对运行灵活性的制约。然后分析了运行灵活性下降对新能源消纳造成的影响,讨论了提高新能源消纳能力的对策。最后对所讨论问题进行归纳总结,并提出了未来工作与研究的展望。     

模块化多电平变换器全桥型子模块优化均压控制方法

模块化多电平变换器(MMC)子模块(SM)的数量与直流侧电压成正比,当SM增加时,会导致MMC的开关损耗急剧增加,因此降低功率器件的开关频率一直是MMC的重要研究方向之一。采用最近电平逼近调制(NLM)方式,提出一种基于全桥型SM的改进均压排序法,旨在降低MMC中功率器件IGBT的开关频率,该方法实现相对简单,无需额外的控制器,且易于扩展。最后,通过在MATLAB/Simulink平台搭建了19个全桥SM的仿真模型,验证了该方法的有效性。验证了所提全桥型SM优化均压策略,可以有效避免IGBT不必要的反复投切,降低IGBT的开关损耗,同时对外部输出特性不会产生负面影响。