Hysteretic Nonlinearity Observer Design Based on Kalman Filter for Piezo-actuated Flexible Beams with Control Applications

Piezoelectric actuators fundamentally possess hysteresis behavior. Estimation of the hysteresis is usually demanded for enhancing the performance of piezo-actuated systems. This paper presents an observer-based scheme to estimate the hysteresis in piezo—actuated flexible beams. The observer is based on a nonlinearity observer method. The discrete-time Kalman-filter algorithm is adopted for determination of the observer gains. The major advantages of the presented scheme include ease of implementation and robustness to uncertainty of hysteresis parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that the observer is able to estimate the hysteresis efficiently and has better robustness compared to the previous scheme existing in the literature. The present scheme was also successfully applied to a real-life system. Moreover, a control application example is included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme.     

受端电网区域无功自动控制调控策略研究

要确保受端电压的稳定性,就要保证有足够的无功补偿。静态无功补偿可以有效降低网损,并提供稳定的无功功率。但在电网系统变得越来越复杂的情况下,静态无功补偿已经很难满足需求,这时,动态无功补偿作为一种更为有效的无功补偿方式应运而生了。     

基于单片机的功率因数补偿控制器硬件的研究

为了减小电网中感性负载造成的电量损耗,在分析了现有功率因数补偿控制器的补偿效果后,设计了一种通过单片机控制四组电容器组,自动控制投切进行补偿的功率因数补偿控制器。     

Frequency analysis and compensation of valve stiction in cascade control loops

Valve stiction is often a common problem in control loops and stiction induced oscillation is the main cause of poor performance in control systems. Cascade control is extensively applied in process industry as an effective strategy to restrain disturbances and compensate process nonlinearities. In recent years many studies have been performed on the detection and quantification of valve stiction in single feedback control loops. However, there is a lack in developing a mechanism which can analyze stiction induced oscillation in cascade control loops. This work focuses on the frequency analysis of stiction induced oscillations in cascade control loops and proposes a mechanism of oscillation compensation through outer and inner controller tuning. The effect of oscillation compensation by changing control strategies is also discussed. The theoretical analysis is evaluated through simulation examples and a pilot-scale flow-level cascade control experiment.     

A robust two degree-of-freedom controller for systems with both model and measurement uncertainty

This paper presents a design method for robust two degree-of-freedom (DOF) controllers that optimize the control performance with respect to both model uncertainty and signal measurement uncertainty. In many situations, non-causal feedforward is a welcome control addition when closed loop feedback bandwidth limitations exist due to plant dynamics such as: delays, non-minimum phase zeros, poorly placed zeros and poles (Xie, Alleyne, Greer, and Deneault (2013); Xie (2013), etc. However, feedforward control is sensitive to both model uncertainty and signal measurement uncertainty. The latter is particularly true when the feedforward is responding to pre-measured disturbance signals. The combined sensitivity will deteriorate the feedforward controller performance if care is not taken in design. In this paper a two DOF design is introduced which optimizes the performance based on a given estimate of uncertainties. The controller design uses H_∞ tools to balance the controlled system bandwidth with increased sensitivity to signal measurement uncertainties. A successful case study on an experimental header height control system for a combine harvester is shown as an example of the approach.     

An analysis,design and tuning of Cascade Control Systems in the presence of constraints in actuator and process outputs

In the presence of rate constraints in actuator, design of cascade controller based on the primary controller conditional integration can result into closed-loop system oscillations. Stability analysis, performed by the describing function technique and confirmed by simulation, demonstrates that the solution based on the Anti-Reset Windup Cascade Control System (ARW CCS) structure is successful. Design and tuning of the ARW CCS secondary controller is a standard ARW single-input single-output problem. In the present paper tuning is proposed for the ARW CCS primary controller. For the serial process modeling simple rules are derived and confirmed by experimental results, obtained on a drum type boiler of a 210 MWe lignite coal fired unit. General design of the ARW CCS is based on the parallel process modeling and optimization of the primary controller. Optimization is performed in the frequency domain, under constraints on the maximum sensitivity, multiplicative uncertainty bound and sensitivity to measurement noise. Simulation and experimental results on a laboratory thermal plant demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed optimization.     

改进控制律的变结构STATCOM无功补偿控制

静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)是柔性交流输电系统(FACTS)的重要组成部件,本文建立了静止同步补偿器在三相静止坐标系下的数学模型,通过PARK变换将ABC坐标转化为d-q坐标。鉴于STATCOM在d-q坐标下的强耦合性,采用状态反馈精确线性化方法将该模型线性化解耦,构造出一个伪线性模型。然后,采用一种改进的指数趋近律变结构控进行了STATCOM无功补偿控制器的设计。最后,使用Matlab/Simulink对所设计的控制器进行了计算机仿真,并与传统的PI控制器比较,说明了变结构控制的STATCOM无功补偿控制器设计的可行性和有效性,同时也证明了改进的指数趋近律变结构控制的优越性。     

ZPW-2000A轨道电路断轨态分析

轨道电路断轨态接受端电压阈值的界定是影响断轨检测系统可行性及可靠性的关键因素。针对ZPW-2000A轨道电路的断轨态进行仿真分析,在轨道电路断轨态数学模型的建立中考虑了电气绝缘节的等效阻抗以及补偿电容等单元对轨道电路传输特性的影响,利用分布参数模型法推导得出其传输矩阵参数。并在不同的道床电阻和断轨点条件下,利用Matlab软件仿真分析了ZPW-2000A轨道电路断轨态接受端轨面电压的变化。结果表明道床电阻和断轨点位置是影响轨道电路接受端轨面电压的两个重要因素,随着道床电阻和断轨点的变化,断轨态接受端电压始终存在着一个极大值。该仿真模型的建立及其分析方法为ZPW-2000A轨道电路断轨检测的阈值确定提供了一定的依据。     

基于SVG的功率因数校正系统研究

为了减少感/容性负载与电网之间的无功交换,提高电网电能质量,提出和实现一种基于SVG的功率因数校正系统。该系统使用IGBT全桥电路为主电路,采用TMS320F28335作为控制器,将解耦控制算法移植到DSP中,DSP产生PWM对IGBT进行控制。实验结果表明,该系统能够快速地响应负载侧无功功率的变化,有效地对其进行补偿,减小负载和电网的无功交换。     

TCR+FC型无功补偿技术在矿井提升系统中的应用

提升机是采矿企业广泛使用的大功率、高耗能的生产设备之一,矿井提升系统普遍采用电力电子器件构成的整流装置对其直流电机进行供电和控制。提升机在采矿过程中需要频繁地启动、停机,对电网的无功冲击和谐波污染使供电系统的安全稳定性受到严重影响。本文以国内某铅锌矿盲主井提升系统为研究对象,提出晶闸管控制电抗器(Thyristor Controlled Reactors,TCR)和固定电容器组(Fixed Capacitors,FC)相结合的无功补偿与谐波治理方法。针对提升机运行过程的特殊性和复杂性,给出无功补偿装置的具体电路设计、参数计算等的方法。提出的无功补偿与谐波治理技术对无功补偿装置的工程研究和开发提供一定的参考和指导,对提高电网的供电质量,保障矿井安全、稳定、高效生产具有十分重要的意义。