智能网SCP的两级并发模型与软件容错研究

智能网作为一种能够快速灵活地定义与提供电信新业务的体系结构，近年来受到人们的普遍重视，其中，业务控制点ＳＣＰ作为整个系统的核心，它的可靠性与全网的服务质量息息相关。本文中，我们首先指出了目前的ＳＣＰ产品在容错性能上存在的不足，然后根据ＳＣＰ的结构和运行机制提出一种两级并发模型，并基于此模型对其软件容错的途径进行了深入的探讨与研究。本文首次提出了应用软件出错情况下保证所有在线呼叫可靠处理的容错目标，并在ＳＣＰ系统级与呼叫级两个并发层次上给出了切实可行的容错策略或算法，最后，我们还对ＳＣＰ软件有效度的估算进行了进一步讨论。     

Characterization of plasma membrane H+-ATPase from salt-tolerant yeast Candida versatilis

Plasma membrane was isolated from the salt-tolerant yeast Candida versatilis and the ATPase in plasma membrane was characterized. The ATPase was a typical H⁺-ATPase with similar properties to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii enzymes. It was reacted with antibody (IgG) raised against S. cerevisiae plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase. The ATPase activity was not changed by adding NaCl and KCl to the assay solutions, but was increased by NH, especially by ammonium sulfate. In vivo stimulation of ATPase activity was observed by the addition of NaCl into the culture medium, as observed in Z. rouxii. No in vivo activation of H⁺-ATPase by glucose metabolism was observed in C. versatilis cells and the activity was independent of the growth phase, like Z. rouxii and unlike S. cerevisiae cells.     

FAULT-TOLERANT DESIGN OF BATCHER–BANYAN CLASS ATM SWITCHES

Many proposed packet switching systems for high-speed networks have employed the Batcher–banyan fabric due to its modular structure, self-routeing functionality, and distributed conflict-resolving mechanism. In this paper, we present a systematic fault-tolerant design for the Batcher–banyan class of switches. Our first concern is the development of an on-line error detection mechanism which is the prerequisite of any effective fault tolerant operation. Based on the technique developed by Davis, we propose a general fault-testing technique and verify it for a variety of unique-path self-routeing networks. Furthermore, we extend this method to Batcher sorting networks and construct a fault-tolerant Batcher sorter. Lastly, after contemplating the technique constraints and system performance, we deploy the above techniques into different levels of the Batcher–banyan networks and achieve a fault-tolerant version of the StarBurst switch, a member of the Batcher–banyan class of switches.     

SOFC anodes for direct oxidation of hydrogen and methane fuels containing H2S

Single cell solid oxide fuel cells using Ni-YSZ and Co-YSZ anodes were tested in H₂, CH₄, H₂S/H₂ and H₂S/CH₄ fuel mixtures. Their performance was found to quickly degrade in dry CH₄ due to carbon deposition and lifting of the anode from the electrolyte. In contrast, hydrogen or methane containing H₂S showed an increase in exchange current densities when compared to H₂,M/YSZ/LSM,air systems (M = Ni or Co) despite having less optimal anode microstructure. Conversion from metal to metal-sulfide in the presence of H₂S produced large, dense metal-sulfide particles surrounded by YSZ, thus decreasing the triple-phase boundary. Furthermore, CoS-based anodes showed phase segregation and densification toward the electrolyte. Despite this, long-term testing at η_a = 0.5 V of the H₂S/CH₄,CoS-YSZ/YSZ/LSM,air system showed no signs of degradation of the anode over a 6-day period. Only after removal of H₂S from the H₂S/CH₄ stream did the CoS-anode reduce back to Co, signifying H₂S is required to maintain the metal-sulfide active anode.     

基于数据流的容灾技术的研究

提高分布式网络应用系统的容灾能力一直是近几年来人们关注的焦点。本文经过对现有容灾技术的讨论,又分析了分布式网络系统的数据交换过程,设计了一种基于数据流的通用容灾体系。提出了数据流复制以及数据流回放的容灾新理念,通过使用数据交互状态描述法以及增加灾备控制协议等关键技术,使容灾系统和正常业务系统的应用层工作分离开来,增强了系统的通用性和灵活性。并对该系统做了可行性分析,指出了该系统应用的前提条件。     

Instruction-Level Fault Tolerance Configurability

Due to modern technology trends such as decreasing feature sizes and lower voltage levels, fault tolerance (FT) is becoming increasingly important in computing systems. Several schemes have been proposed to enable a user to configure the FT at the application level, thereby enabling the user to trade stronger FT for performance or vice versa. In this paper, we propose supporting instruction-level rather than application-level configurability of FT, since different parts of some applications (e.g., multimedia) can have different reliability requirements. Weak or no FT will be applied to less critical parts, resulting in time and/or resource gains. These gains can be used to apply stronger FT techniques to the more critical parts; hence increasing the overall reliability. The paper shows how some existing FT techniques can be adapted to support instruction-level FT configurability, how a programmer can specify the desired FT level of the instructions, and how the compiler can manage it automatically. A comparison between the existing FT scheme EDDI (which duplicates all instructions) and the proposed approach is performed both at the kernel and at full application levels. The simulation results show that both the performance and the energy consumption are significantly improved (up to 50% at the kernel and up to 16% at full application level), while the fault coverage depends on the application. For the full application (JPEG encoder), our approach is only applied to one kernel in order to avoid increasing the programming effort significantly.

容差模拟电路的K故障模糊屏蔽诊断算法

文章对容差模拟电路的K故障模糊屏蔽诊断算法进行了详尽的研究，所提算法计算量小，诊断速度快，可信度高，将K故障模糊屏蔽诊断法朝实用化的方向推进了一大步。     

主动偏差算法在电路容差设计中的应用

电路元器件的参数漂移是影响系统稳定性的主要原因之一,因此电子系统的容差设计显得尤为重要,本文研究了运用进化的方法进行电路的容差设计。传统方法所设计的容差电路因容差范围小而影响电路的容差性能。本文将遗传规划与主动偏差思想相结合,提出基于主动偏差的混合GP算法--AD-Based HGP,使用该方法进行电路容差设计可以有效提高电路的容差范围。实验结果表明运用本文方法设计出的电路与传统方法的设计结果相比,本文方法所进化出的电路具有更强的容差性能,体现了该算法在容差设计上的优势与潜能。     

基于改进离散粒子群优化算法的容差电路故障特征提取

采用故障信息量对容差电路输出信号中的故障征兆进行描述,采用等间隔选取特征点、单特征点诊断信息量最大和多特征点联合诊断信息量最大3种不同的特征子集选取规则,提出了基于改进映射函数、自适应权重、基于自然选择以及基于自然选择和自适应权重的4种离散粒子群优化（BPSO）算法对特征子集进行搜索的方法,并将获取的不同最佳特征子集分别用于训练不同的神经网络,并用训练好的神经网络完成容差电路的故障定位。仿真实验结果证明了容差电路故障特征子集的改进BPSO搜索算法的有效性,故障定位效率可达95.2%. 采用故障信息量对容差电路输出信号中的故障征兆进行描述,采用等间隔选取特征点、单特征点诊断信息量最大和多特征点联合诊断信息量最大3种不同的特征子集选取规则,提出了基于改进映射函数、自适应权重、基于自然选择以及基于自然选择和自适应权重的4种离散粒子群优化（BPSO）算法对特征子集进行搜索的方法,并将获取的不同最佳特征子集分别用于训练不同的神经网络,并用训练好的神经网络完成容差电路的故障定位。仿真实验结果证明了容差电路故障特征子集的改进BPSO搜索算法的有效性,故障定位效率可达95.2%.     

粗波分复用在远程备份系统中的应用

CWDM(粗波分复用)技术以其在系统成本、性能及可维护性等方面的优势,正逐渐成为城域网的主流技术。文中在对比和分析DWDM(密集波分复用)和CWDM技术特点的基础上,提出了采用CWDM替代基于DWDM实现远程备份的新方法,并设计了CWDM接口和基于CWDM远程备份应用的体系结构,对CWDM链路的可靠性和数据传输率进行了分析。