MCP机制下考虑供需弹性的发电容量持留

统一出清的定价机制是电力市场中发电商存在持留行为的根本原因。针对电力市场设计中应考虑供需弹性的积极作用,该文分析了拥有边际机组的单个发电商容量持留行为发生的条件及其影响因素,并提出了将持留前后的购电费用之比作为衡量系统持留严重程度的指标W,算例验证,证明供需弹性可以作为制约发电商利用容量持留哄抬电价、危及市场稳定性的有力工具之一。     

计及负荷转移需求响应的低碳数据中心光储容量优化配置

为了解决高耗能数据中心低碳化转型问题,提出一种计及负荷转移需求响应的低碳数据中心光储容量配置方法。根据延时特性将数据中心负载分为交互性负载与延时性负载,通过比特-瓦特变换与数据中心电能使用效率得出负载与数据中心能耗之间的关系,以总净现值成本最低为目标函数,考虑清洁能源高渗透率水平、数据流需求响应管控约束,获得数据中心的光储容量配置结果。算例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

椭球分布和双限制Tobit模型下的风险计量研究

为了控制市场价格过分波动以及在市场发生恐慌时为投资者提供适当的恢复时间,价格涨跌停限制规则存在于许多国家的股票市场中。本文研究了在具有价格涨跌停限制规则下的市场风险的计量问题。利用双限制Tobit模型来描述价格限制,假设潜在资产收益率服从多元椭球分布,采用密度生成函数方法,给出了风险价值和条件风险价值两个风险测度指标的一般显式计算公式,并且特别研究了正态分布、中心t-分布和Logistic分布下的结果。对中国股票市场的实证分析表明,没有考虑价格涨跌停限制来计算风险值时会导致对风险的低估。     

An integrated vendor–buyer inventory model with backorder price discount and effective investment to reduce ordering cost

The single-vendor single-buyer integrated production inventory system has been an object of study for a long time, but little is known about the effect of investing in reducing ordering cost on the integrated inventory models with backorder price discount and variable lead time. The purpose of this article is to investigate in the continuous review model with backorder price discount and variable lead time to effectively increase investment and to reduce the joint expected annual total cost. The integrated strategy discussed here is one in which the buyer orders a quantity, then the vendor produces n times order quantity in each production cycle, in order to reduce setup cost. In addition, the buyer offers backorder price discounts to the customers that may motivate the customers’ desire for backorders, and buyer ordering cost can be reduced through effective investment. An integrated inventory model is established to find the optimal solutions of order quantity, ordering cost, backorder price discount, lead time, and the number of shipments from the vendor to the buyer in one production run, so that the joint expected annual total cost incurred has the minimum value. Furthermore, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the benefits of the model.     

Two‐echelon manufacturer–retailer supply chain strategies with price,quality, and promotional effort sensitive demand

This study deals with the two‐layer supply chain model of one manufacturer and one retailer for a single commodity where market demand is assumed to be dependent on selling price, quality of the products, and promotional effort of the retailer. We investigate the behavior of the supply chain under centralized, manufacturer Stackelberg, conditional manufacturer Stackelberg, retailer Stackelberg, conditional retailer Stackelberg, and vertical Nash model structure. The nature of the above models provides great insights to a firm's manager for achieving optimal strategy in a competitive marketing system. Quite often, not all items produced in a firm are of perfect quality; some are perfect (conforming) quality and others are imperfect (nonconforming) quality. The nonconforming products are sold in a secondary shop or by other retailers. The procurement cost of finished products depends on the quality of the products due to more investment in advanced technology, better raw materials, and skilled labor, etc. The warranty policy for the products is also imposed to attract the customers to buy more. Here, both members (manufacturer and retailer) jointly share the cost of the warranty policy. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimal selling price and promotional effort of the retailer, while the optimal wholesale price and quality of the products are determined by the manufacturer so that the above strategies are maximized. Finally, numerical examples with sensitivity analysis of the key parameters are illustrated to investigate the proposed model.     

唐山地区农村电价问题探讨

分析唐山地区当前农村电网维护费标准不统一等农网电价执行中存在的问题,提出规范农村电网维护费收取标准、规范销售电价分类、规范终端电价政策差异等相关建议,为规范农村电价提供参考。     

供应链渠道价格控制的动态博弈分析

从制造商和经销商在供应链中的合作性市场关系出发,运用Stackelberg博弈思想,通过利润模型,推导出制造商批发收入中给经销商的返利比例与渠道价格之间的关系式,并对其经济意义作出了一定分析.     

论建设方对工程造价的控制与管理

基于工程造价控制是建设管理的核心部分,探讨了工程建设从立项、可行性研究、招投标、设计、施工到最终的竣工验收等全过程中,对工程造价如何确定、控制和管理的课题。     

国际黄金期货价格影响因素研究

全球政治经济环境的不稳定性会造成国际黄金期货价格的剧烈波动.为探究国际黄金期货价格的主要影响因素,利用2000—2019年国际黄金期货月度价格数据,运用向量自回归(VAR)模型、向量误差修正(VECM)模型、协整检验、脉冲响应和方差分解进行实证研究.结果表明:国际黄金期货价格与地缘政治风险、经济政策不确定性、美元指数、...     

水平井蒸汽吞吐经济技术界限

利用水平井蒸汽吞吐开发薄层、超稠油以及具有边底水等复杂条件的稠油油藏具有较好的优势,但是水平井投资大,风险高,研究水平井蒸汽吞吐经济技术界限十分必要.基于油藏数值模拟和动态经济评价方法,研究了无边底水、边水以及底水3类稠油油藏水平井蒸汽吞吐的油层有效厚度界限、油价边界值以及地面原油粘度界限.底水稠油油藏含水率上升最快,开发效果最差,因此经济技术界限也最为苛刻.当油价为50美元/bb1时,地面原油粘度为10 000 mPa·8的无边底水、边水以及底水稠油油藏进行水平井蒸汽吞吐开发的油层有效厚度界限分别为2.7,2.9和13.8 m.建立不同油价下的经济技术界限图版以及定量关系式,便于根据油价波动动态地指导不同类型稠油油藏水平井蒸汽吞吐经济开发.