A bidding decision index for construction contractors

Results from applying the model on a sample of contractors, the majority of whom were international and operating in Egypt, reinforces the credibility of the developed methodology, claim the authors.     

Directional features in online handwriting recognition

The selection of valuable features is crucial in pattern recognition. In this paper we deal with the issue that part of features originate from directional instead of common linear data. Both for directional and linear data a theory for a statistical modeling exists. However, none of these theories gives an integrated solution to problems, where linear and directional variables are to be combined in a single, multivariate probability density function. We describe a general approach for a unified statistical modeling, given the constraint that variances of the circular variables are small. The method is practically evaluated in the context of our online handwriting recognition system frog on hand and the so-called tangent slope angle feature. Recognition results are compared with two alternative modeling approaches. The proposed solution gives significant improvements in recognition accuracy, computational speed and memory requirements.     

Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) Encode Relevant Problem Features in a Tool-Using Task.

Two important elements in problem solving are the abilities to encode relevant task features and to combine multiple actions to achieve the goal. The authors investigated these 2 elements in a task in which gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) had to use a tool to retrieve an out-of-reach reward. Subjects were able to select tools of an appropriate length to reach the reward even when the position of the reward and tools were not simultaneously visible. When presented with tools that were too short to retrieve the reward, subjects were more likely to refuse to use them than when tools were the appropriate length. Subjects were proficient at using tools in sequence to retrieve the reward. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

改进的第三代相干算法及应用

在讨论相干技术发展及三代相干算法优缺点的基础上，介绍了改进的第三代相干算法。应用自行开发的相干软件对多个油气勘探和开发区块的三维地震资料进行处理、分析，对相干时窗长度、相关道数等参数对算法效果的影响及相干体对断层、异常地质体的识别，以及解释方法进行了探讨。应用实例证明，改进的第三代相干算法抗干扰能力强，横向分辨率高，不仅适用于倾斜地层，而且对断层尤其对小断层、异常地质体具有较高的检测能力，是油气勘探和开发的一项有效和实用的技术。     

用VBA开发基于Excel的数据统计

Excel是广泛应用的电子数据表格程序,如在Excel中使用VBA（Visual Basic for Application）编程将有很多机会开发出有价值的应用程序,本文介绍一种基于Excel的VBA编程方法,来扩展Excel的功能,以实现学生评优和奖学金评选的数据统计的计算功能。     

水电工程坝基岩体研究现状与发展的思考

以国内部分重点水电工程为例，对我国水电工程建设中坝基岩体质量分类、主要岩石力学参数的选取、大坝建基面的确定及弱风化岩体利用情况进行总结与分析；指出简化的坝基岩体多因子分类、岩体力学参数的提取与岩体质量分类相配套、按等值线提取岩体物理力学参数并动态确定大坝建基面的方法，应是水电工程坝基工程岩体研究的发展趋势。     

两相电流互感器配电网零序电流构造方法

中性点非直接接地配电网大多只安装A，C两相电流互感器（TA），而现有单相接地故障选线方法基本都以零序电流为基础实现。如何在两相TA配电网中准确检测并隔离接地故障线路，成为长期困扰实际运行的技术难题。通过对暂态电流的频域和时域分析，找出B相暂态电流与A，C相暂态电流的对应关系，提出在A相和C相接地时由A相和C相暂态电流构造B相暂态电流，进而得到较精确零序电流的方法。通过大量仿真实验验证了所提出的构造方法的正确性。零序电流的成功构造为实现两相TA配电网单相接地故障选线提供了基础。     

1D selection of 2D objects in head-worn displays

In current desktop user interfaces, selection is usually accomplished easily with a mouse or a similar two-dimensional locator. In wearable computing, however, controlling two dimensions simultaneously gets significantly harder: a change in one dimension results easily in an undesired change in the other dimension as well when the user is occupied with a parallel task – such as walking. We present a way to overcome this problem by applying one-dimensional selection for graphical user interfaces in head-worn displays. Our new interaction technique allows a wearable computer user to perform object selection tasks easily and accurately. The technique is based on a visible circle on the screen. The user controls the circle, altering its radius with a one-dimensional valuator. The midpoint of the circle is in the middle of the screen. The object currently on the perimeter of the circle is highlighted and can be selected. Our preliminary usability evaluation, applying our custom evaluation method designed especially for walking users, indicates that the proposed technique is usable also when walking.     

漫谈钢铁企业用空分装置的流程选择

钢铁企业的氧气厂要深入了解本企业的用氧情况及周边市场的需要，据此确定拟新增空分装置的设计参数，选定最适宜的空分流程。探讨了空分流程选择时要考虑的几个方面。介绍了一种对空分装置的投资和长期运行费用之间进行经济性分析的定量计算公式，并得出了四点结论。     

坨五站中间乳化层快速增长原因及治理方案

胜利采油厂坨五站高含水(95％)原油化学预脱水中，二级沉降罐内油水相之间的中间乳化层增长迅速，引起了一系列问题。现场调查和大量室内测试结果表明，产生这一现象的原因有：油溶性破乳剂WD-1加入点不合理。有2／3的含水原油在通过油水分离器之后才与破乳剂混合；二级沉降罐进油口伸入油相内，油流的冲击达不到中间层；WD-1对坨五站混合原油中的稠油破乳脱水性能欠佳，不能适应坨五站混合原油组成和含水的变化。针对上述各种原因筛选出了性能更好的一种破乳剂1916。根据确定的几种原因采取了相应的措施：将破乳剂加入点改在3个并联油水分离器之前；将二级沉降罐的进油口移到水相内；改用筛选出的破乳剂1916，结果使中间乳化层的增长受到了抑制。图2表4参2。