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101.
102.
试油井产量折算新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了使试油折算产量的条件尽可能的相同,增强试油产量的可比性,消除地面计量的人为误差,研究了试油求产时井底流压的变化规律,认为采用油柱在油管内上升的流压变化速率来折算产量更趋于合理,并能最大限度地接近地层真实产量.该方法从根本上消除了因试油周期选定不合理、地面计量误差,以及试油工艺不同、储层条件差异带来的试油产量误差. 相似文献
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分析了试井技术的发展趋势,对有限元分析技术及其发展作了较为全面的介绍,重点阐述了利用有限元技术进行三维建模的方法和步骤,尤其是对复杂的非对称边界和非均质油藏的建模方法和技巧进行了深入探讨。利用数值试井技术,石油工程师可以方便准确地对复杂油藏和边界进行建模,试井的模拟过程和油藏任意位置的压力瞬间变化都可以通过图形和颜色的变化显示出来,解释的精度和速度都得到了大大地提高。 相似文献
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W. Wang J. Dai J. Tang D.-T. Jiang Y. Chen J. Fang J. He W. Zhou L. Spinu 《Journal of Superconductivity》2003,16(1):155-157
Ball-milling method was applied to dissolve Fe into titanium dioxide (TiO2). X-ray diffraction indicated the starting anatase changed to a rutile-type structure with oxygen deficiency after ball milling. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption experiments were conducted to examine the possible existence of magnetic impurities in the ball-milled powders after they were leached in HCl solutions. Temperature dependence of the resistivity shows semiconducting behavior and the magnetic hysteresis loops at 5 and 300 K exhibit ferromagnetic characteristics. Fe-doped TiO2 films were also prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The magnetic properties of the films are discussed. 相似文献
108.
Kuniaki Honjo 《Carbon》2003,41(5):979-984
Fracture toughness (KIC) of representative high-strength type PAN (polyacrylonitrile)-based carbon fibers, Torayca™ T300 and T800H, with or without artificial surface defects, were estimated to be ca. 1 MPam1/2 from the tensile strength vs. fracture mirror size relation, assuming a constant crack-to-mirror size ratio. The corresponding critical energy release rate (Γ) was ca. 7.4 J m−2, which was close to the value derived from the reported surface energies for a graphite crystal. Similar KIC values were obtained for the old-type PAN-based carbon fibers from the reported data by the use of the present estimation procedure. 相似文献
109.
Field Static Load Test on Kao-Ping-Hsi Cable-Stayed Bridge 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Field load testing is an effective method for understanding the behavior and fundamental characteristics of a cable-stayed bridge. This paper presents the results of field static load tests on the Kao-Ping-Hsi cable-stayed bridge, the longest cable-stayed bridge in Taiwan, before it was open to traffic. A total of 40 loading cases, including the unit and distributed bending and torsion loading effects, were conducted to investigate the bridge behavior. The atmospheric temperature effect on the variations of the main girder deflections was also monitored. The results of static load testing include the main girder deflections, the flexural strains of the prestressed concrete girder, and the variations of the cable forces. A three-dimensional finite-element model was developed. The results show that the bridge under the planned load test conditions has linear superposition characteristics and the analytical model shows a very good agreement with the bridge responses. Further discussion of deflection and cable forces of the design specifications for a cable-stayed bridge is also presented. 相似文献
110.
In this paper, we describe a method for increasing the external efficiency of polymer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) by coupling out waveguided light with Bragg gratings. We numerically model the waveguide modes in a typical LED structure and demonstrate how optimizing layer thicknesses and reducing waveguide absorption can enhance the grating outcoupling. The gratings were created by a soft‐lithography technique that minimizes changes to the conventional LED structure. Using one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional gratings, we were able to increase the forward‐directed emission by 47 % and 70 %, respectively, and the external quantum efficiency by 15 % and 25 %. 相似文献