Virtual rights? Property in online game objects and characters

The new industry of Massively Multi-Player Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) brings together two sets of fictions: the interactive stories of shared computer games and the legal devices of intellectual property. In these virtual worlds, scarcity need not exist, but players tend to prefer the competition it creates. This leads to the development of property rights within the game world and players trading real money for virtual objects, ‘land’ and characters. This new phenomenon brings with it familiar legal problems such as theft, fraud and ownership disputes. Game creators also challenge the right of the players to claim ownership outside the game world. The volume and value of the items traded make real money trading an important area of current interest for intellectual property lawyers. Something is being traded, but does it fit neatly into existing conceptions of property rights and who owns it? Analysing the novel problems that result from various theoretical perspectives (utilitarianism, labour-desert theory and personality theory) leads to the conclusion that with time, we will see the development of property rights for players in online games. This connects with a growing understanding that the traditional conception of copyright law dealing with creative work generated by the solitary author is becoming less appropriate in the new creative spaces that information and communications technology brings, where individuals are both consumer and producer. In virtual worlds, new forms of intellectual property, and perhaps even new rights, are taking shape.     

数字虚拟图像与实拍影像的整合

数字虚拟图像与实拍影像的整合是现阶段动态影像创作的一种趋势,它突破了单一的影像形式,融会了两种不同形态的影像语言,不仅为创作者提供了无限的创作空间,并且开拓了新的审美情趣,使影像在创作观念与形式语言表现上发生了许多变化,值得我们思考与研究。本文通过对数字虚拟图像与实拍影像整合的含义、目的与价值三个方面的论述,希望可以引起对新的影像形式语言理论研究的思考,开拓影像形式语言的多元化。     

应用遥编程的大时延遥操作技术

如何克服通信线路中的大时延和有限带宽,是空间遥机器人面临的最重要的一个问题．本文 阐述了应用遥编程技术提高大时延遥操作的稳定性和操作精度的基本思想．提出了一种将操 作区分段,采取复合控制策略的遥操作方法．同时介绍了基于遥编程概念的遥操作实验系统 的设计及其试验结果．     

Coordination components for collaborative virtual environments

This paper deals with the behavior of virtual environments from the collaboration point-of-view, in which actors (human or virtual beings) interact and collaborate by means of interdependent tasks. In this sense, actors may realize tasks that are dependent on tasks performed by other actors, while the interdependencies between tasks (through resource management and temporal relations) delineate the overall behavior of a virtual environment. Our main goal is to propose an approach for the coordination of those behaviors. Initially a generic study of possible interdependencies between collaborative tasks is presented, followed by the formal modeling (using Petri Nets) of coordination mechanisms for those dependencies. In order to implement such mechanisms, an architecture of reusable and pluggable coordination components is also introduced. These components are used in an implementation of a multi-user videogame. The presented approach is a concrete step to create virtual societies of actors that collaborate to reach common goals without the risk of getting involved in conflicting or repetitive tasks.     

Haptic Cooperative Virtual Workspace: Architecture and evaluation

The Haptic Cooperative Virtual Workspace (HCVW), where users can simultaneously manipulate and haptically feel the same object, is beneficial and in some cases indispensable for training a team of surgeons, or in application areas in telerobotics and entertainment. In this paper we propose an architecture for the haptic cooperative workspace where the participants can kinesthetically interact, feel and push each other simultaneously while moving in the simulation. This involves the ability to manipulate the same virtual object at the same time. A set of experiments carried out to investigate the haptic cooperative workspace is reported. A new approach to quantitatively evaluate the cooperative haptic system is proposed, which can be extended to evaluate haptic systems in general.     

Dynamics of Flexible Multibody Systems Using Virtual Work and Linear Graph Theory

By combining linear graph theory with the principle of virtualwork, a dynamic formulation is obtained that extends graph-theoreticmodelling methods to the analysis of flexible multibody systems. Thesystem is represented by a linear graph, in which nodes representreference frames on rigid and flexible bodies, and edges representcomponents that connect these frames. By selecting a spanning tree forthe graph, the analyst can choose the set of coordinates appearing inthe final system of equations. This set can include absolute, joint, orelastic coordinates, or some combination thereof. If desired, allnon-working constraint forces and torques can be automaticallyeliminated from the dynamic equations by exploiting the properties ofvirtual work. The formulation has been implemented in a computerprogram, DynaFlex, that generates the equations of motion in symbolicform. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the application of theformulation, and to validate the symbolic computer implementation.     

基于虚拟实训基地（车间）的工学结合人才培养模式研究

为了寻求适合自身的人才培养模式,分析了当前国内高等职业教育人才培养模式的现状,提出了基于虚拟实训基地（车间）的工学结合人才培养模式;从校内实训基地建设、课程体系与学习领域开发、教学模式和＂双师型＂教师培养等四个方面阐述了该人才培养模式的具体内容和切实可行性。     

永磁同步伺服电动机的动态参数

动态参数是影响伺服电动机动态性能最主要的因素之一.动态参数的高低直接决定伺服电动机动态及稳态性能的好坏.对传统的伺服电动机而言,几个主要的动态参数都有较清晰的定义和概念,长期以来在工程实践中广泛使用.但对正弦波驱动的永磁伺服电动机来说,电机的力矩常数Kt、反电势常数Ke、电气时间常数τe、机械时间常数τm和阻尼因数D等都有了新的变化,实践中常引起误解和混淆.文中主要分析永磁同步伺服电动机几个动态参数的含义以及和传统参数之间的差异,并从控制系统的要求出发,对几个最基本的动态参数和参数之间的相互关系进行分析,得出了一些实用的结论.     

稀土永磁低速同步电动机制造技术

介绍了稀土永磁低速同步电动机原理结构特点，着重论述该电机在制造中的关键技术和研究。     

虚拟仪器的网络应用及实现

在研究了LabVIEW 7.0网络通信功能的基础上,利用NI公司的PCI-6111数据采集卡,以ASP为脚本环境、以MySql Server为数据库服务器设计并实现了基于校园网的网络虚拟实验平台.该平台较好地利用了虚拟仪器的网络功能,做到了资源共享,实现了网络远程教育与研究.