柠檬酸凝胶法制备Er,Tm∶Yb3Al5O12纳米粉体及发光性能

以柠檬酸为燃烧剂,采用柠檬酸凝胶法制备了Er,Tm∶Yb3Al5O12(Er,Tm:YbAG)纳米粉体,其最佳的制备工艺条件:Er3+和Tm3+掺杂的摩尔分数分别为2%和1%,柠檬酸与金属硝酸盐原子总数的摩尔比为1.7∶1,煅烧温度和时间分别为950℃和2h。制备的粉体颗粒为规则球形,粒径均匀、分散性好,平均粒径约为45nm。研究了样品的发光性能,结果表明:2%Er,1%Tm∶YbAG样品的发光性能最好,在1 587、1 658和1 711nm处有较强发射峰,分别对应Er3+的4 I13/2→4 I15/2跃迁和Tm3+的3 F4→3 H6跃迁。样品的上转换光谱表明,上转换荧光峰包括了蓝光、绿光和红光。     

Improved thermal conductivity of β-Si3N4 ceramics by lowering SiO2/Y2O3 ratio using YH2 as sintering additive

A two-step sintering process was conducted to produce β-Si₃N₄ ceramics with high thermal conductivity. During the first step, native SiO₂ was eliminated, and Y₂O₃ was in situ generated by a metal hydride reduction process, resulting in a high Y₂O₃/SiO₂ ratio. The substitution YH₂ for Y₂O₃ endow Si₃N₄ ceramics with an increase of 29% in thermal conductivity from 95.3 to 123 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ after sintered at 1900°C for 12 hours despite an inferior sinterability. This was primarily attributed to the purified enlarged grains, devitrified grain boundary phase, and reduced lattice oxygen content in the YH₂-MgO-doped material.     

稀土元素Y对K38G高温合金 800℃恒温氧化行为的影响

对加入0.05mass%～0.5mass%稀土Y铸造的K38G高温合金800 ℃恒温的氧化行为进行了研究.结果表明,含Y铸态K38G合金的氧化动力学曲线偏离了抛物线规律,接近于立方规律;Y有效抑制了该合金的内氧化;当Y含量达0.5mass%时,该合金中析出富Y相,降低了其氧化抗力.       

Ce:YIG纳米粉体结构与磁性的研究

用共沉淀法制备纳米级的Ce:YIG石榴石粉体颗粒.颗粒尺寸的计算结果表明平均粒径为70nm,这与通过TEM观察到的几乎一致.与氧化物工艺相比,所制备的粉体化学活性高,烧结温度显著降低,由1300℃降低到约900℃.最后对粉体的磁性能与烧结温度的关系进行了讨论.     

共沉淀法合成掺钕钇铝石榴石纳米粉体的研究

掺钕钇铝石榴石(Nd:YAG)多晶透明陶瓷具有良好的化学稳定性、光学性能和耐高温性能,是一种很有前途的激光工作物质.以Al(NO3)·9H2O,Y2O3,Nd2O3,(NH4)2SO4和NH4HCO3为原料,正硅酸乙酯为添加剂,采用共沉淀法制备出分散均匀、团聚程度轻、YAG立方晶相的Nd:YAG纳米前驱体粉末,采用TG/DTA,XRD,FT-IR和TEM等测试手段对Nd:YAG陶瓷材料进行表征.研究结果表明:前驱体粉末在800℃时为无定型态,当温度达到900℃时析出大量的晶体YAlO3(YAP)和少量的YAlO3(YAP),当温度达到1100℃时就全部转化为立方晶相;前驱体纳米粉末中存在轻微的团聚,主要是在1100℃高温时晶粒发生了生长,连接在一起,但是作为团聚整体而言,颗粒分布比较均匀.     

In situ hydrothermal synthesis of Y-TiO2/graphene heterojunctions with improved visible-light-driven photocatalytic properties

The Y-TiO₂/graphene heterojunctions were prepared using a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The SEM and TEM images showed that titanium dioxide and flaky graphene were tightly bound together, and XPS indicated that yttrium was doped uniformly into the complex. The crystal phase of titanium dioxide in Y-TiO₂/graphene composite was anatase, and the yttrium doping caused distortion of the titanium dioxide lattice, resulting in a new valence type and more defects. An appropriate amount of yttrium doping and graphene modification significantly improved the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In the degradation of rhodamine B, the co-modification of yttrium and graphene effectively improved the photocatalytic activity under visible and UV–vis light irradiation. With the amount of yttrium increasing, the photocatalytic activity of the Y-TiO₂/graphene complex first increased and reached the highest level of 40% and 63% for visible and ultraviolet-visible light, respectively, when the ratio of yttrium was increased to 1.0%. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity can be explained by the presence of yttrium ions increased the visible light absorption of titanium dioxide. Besides, the synergistic effect between yttrium ions and graphene effectively improved the separation rate of photoinduced electron-hole pairs.     

Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Plastic Deformation of Fully Dense Polycrystalline Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x Superconductor

The knowledge of the steady-state stress for plastic deformation as a function of temperature and strain rate is essential for hot-forming superconducting material into commercially useful shapes. In this paper, results are presented on the experimental determination of the rheology of fully dense polycrystalline Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O_7−x superconducting material at temperatures ranging from 750° to 950°C and strain rates of 10⁻⁴, 10⁻⁵, and 10⁻⁶ s⁻¹. The data are best fitted by a power law: ε(s⁻¹)=8.9 × 10⁻¹⁷. (s⁻¹) σ^2.5 (Pa) exp [−2.01 × 10⁵(J·mol⁻¹)|RT]. X-ray analysis shows that the superconducting material retains its phase composition after nearly 70% total strain of the sample. A strong anisotropy in the resistivity of the deformed samples is observed because of the development of a preferred orientation of the a or b axis of Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O_7−x orthorhombic perovskite single crystals perpendicular to the principal maximum compressive stress.     

Y2O2S:Yb,Ho上转换发光材料的制备及性能

利用硫熔法制备了不同浓度的Yb和Ho掺杂的Y2O2S:Yb,Ho上转换发光材料。采用X线衍射仪、扫描电镜和荧光光谱仪对粉体的相组成、形貌和上转换发光性能进行表征。结果表明:不同浓度的Yb和Ho掺杂后没有改变Y2O2S的晶体结构;颗粒形貌较为规则,多呈现多面体状,分散性较好,颗粒表面很光滑;在980nm激光激发下,Y2O2S:Yb,Ho呈现出以绿光发射为主的上转换荧光,Yb的最佳掺杂量为8%(摩尔分数),Ho的最佳掺杂量为2%(摩尔分数),Ho3+和Yb3+掺杂浓度可显著影响不同颜色发射峰的强度;对激活离子Ho3+来说,同类离子之间发生能量传递和交叉弛豫行为,导致上转换荧光强度发生猝灭;对敏化离子Yb3+来说,Yb3+吸收能量,以热的形式释放出来,产生杂质猝灭。     

Y2-xLaxMo3O12陶瓷的制备及其热膨胀性能

以分析纯Y2O3、La2O3和MoO3为原料,采用固相反应法制备Y2–xLaxMo3O12(0≤x≤2.00)系列陶瓷。利用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、热重分析仪和热机械分析仪对样品的物相组成、微观结构、吸湿性和热膨胀特性进行了表征。结果表明:在750℃烧结10 h可制备得到Y2–xLaxMo3O12(0≤x≤2.00)系列陶瓷;Y2–xLaxMo3O12(0≤x≤2.00)陶瓷断面晶粒呈不规则多边形,为多孔结构。热重分析发现:Y2Mo3O12陶瓷易吸湿,掺入La后吸湿现象消失。在178～600℃测试温度范围内,随La掺入量增加,Y2–xLaxMo3O12(0≤x≤2.00)系列陶瓷样品的热膨胀系数呈增大趋势。     

具有羧酸官能团的功能性离子液体萃取分离钇的研究(英文)

A new kind of hydrophobic ionic liquids [1-alkyl-3-(1-carboxylpropyl)im][PF6] has been synthesized,and their extraction properties for Y(III) in the nitric acid medium was also investigated.The effects of extractant concentration,equilibrium pH of aqueous phase,salt concentration,temperature etc.were discussed.The results show that this kind of Task-Specific Ionic Liquid(TSIL) needs to be saponified before being used for the Y(III) ex-traction,and the extraction is acid dependent,and the extraction efficiency increases with the aqueous phase acidity decreasing.Furthermore,the loaded organic phase is easy to be stripped;more than 95% Y(III) could be stripped from the loaded organic phase when the stripping acidity is higher than 0.07 mol?L?1.The slope analysis technique is used to investigate the extraction mechanism,and a possible cation-exchange extraction mechanism is proposed in the present extraction system.