一种基于知网的句子相似度计算方法

句子相似度是衡量文档相似度的基础,在自然语言处理领域中有着非常重要的作用。目前的句子相似度计算方法忽略了句子的结构对相似度的影响。本文在分析已有研究工作的基础上,提出了一种改进的句子相似度计算方法。依据知网对"实体概念"的描述,构造出义原的语义层次树,由各个义原在树中的相对位置,计算出义原之间的相似度。对三种义原加权求和得到词语之间的语义相似度。综合句子的表层相似度和句子的词语语义以及词语的相对位置关系,得到句子的整体相似度。实验表明,在同等的测试条件下,本文所提出的句子相似度计算方法在相似度比较上更符合人的直观感觉。     

Isochoric specific heat of sulfur hexafluoride at the critical point: Laboratory results and outline of a spacelab experiment for the d1-mission in 1985

The specific heat at constant volume c_v shows a weak singularity at the critical point. Renormalization group techniques have been applied, predicting a universal critical behavior which has to be experimentally confirmed for different systems. In this paper an experiment is presented to measure the specific heat of SF₆ along the critical isochore (_c=0.737 g·cm^–3), applying a continuous heating method. The results cover a temperature span of –1.5×10^–2< <1.70×10^–2 [=(T–T _c)/T _c] and were strongly affected by gravity effects that emerge in the sample of 1-mm hydrostatic height near the critical point. Using regression analysis, data were fitted with functions of the form c _v/R=A × ¦¦^– + B for the one-phase state and c _v/R=A × ¦¦^– + B for the twophase state. Within their error bounds the critical values (==0.098, A/A=1.83) represent the measurements for the temperature span 3.5×10^{–5< ¦¦<2.0×10 –3}, in good agreement with theoretical predictions. In order to exclude density profiles in the specimen, which are unavoidable in terrestrial experiments due to the high compressibility of fluids at the critical point and the gravity force, a space-qualified scanning ratio calorimeter has been constructed, which will permit long-term c_v measurements under microgravity (-g) conditions. The experiment will be part of the German Spacelab mission in October 1985. The significant features of the apparatus are briefly sketched.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

结合编码交织的频数质心零水印算法

针对传统数字水印算法的透明性随嵌入强度的增加而下降,且存在鲁棒性和稳定性差的问题,提出了一种基于极化码与二维交织算法相结合的频数质心零水印算法.该算法依次对水印信息进行极化码编码,二维交织构造出交织矩阵,然后对载体图像进行非下采样轮廓波变换获得其低频系数,再通过分块非负矩阵分解得到一维基矩阵;根据频数分布特征计算局部频数质心以构造出特征矩阵,最后将含有水印信息的交织方阵和特征矩阵进行异或操作生成零水印.大量实验表明,该零水印算法可以有效地抵抗常规的信号处理攻击、几何攻击以及组合攻击,水印提取的归一化系数值在0.88以上,具有较强的鲁棒性和稳定性,且具有良好的实用价值.     

还原气氛下耐高温材料的渗碳破坏

耐热钢在还原性气氛下工作时,常发生粉化剥落现象.经分析与实体零件的宏观与微观组织观察,此现象是因为还原介质渗入,引起合金体积膨胀而产生引力,造成应力裂纹.加入与介质结合力不强的元素铝,有阻碍介质渗入和扩散的作用.     

基于断电后残余电压的感应电机定子故障诊断

为了提高感应电机定子绕组故障诊断的准确性,提出了一种基于Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)的故障诊断新方法.选取断电后零序电压的基波分量作为定子故障特征,可有效避免电源不平衡和负荷波动的影响,直接反映电机定子的不对称度.利用Hilbert-Huang变换中经验模态分解(EMD)方法对断电后的零序电压进行了分解,提取出基波分量,通过计算其均方根值可以诊断出电机定子绕组故障.在一台4 kW的感应电机上进行的实验证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Coupling control on pillar stress concentration and surface cracks in shallow multi-seam mining

In order to ensure safe mining and reduce surface damage in shallow multi-seam mining, the failure characteristics of interburden strata with different coal pillars offset distances between pillars in the upper and lower seams, the distribution characteristics of stress concentration in coal pillars, and the development characteristics of stratum cracks and subsidence were investigated by physical and UDEC2 D simulation. Meanwhile, the effect of different coal pillar offset distances on stress concentration of coal pillar and development of stratum cracks were studied. Based on those results, a formula for safe mining and reducing surface damage was established, which provided a theoretical basis for safe and environmentally friendly mining in shallow multi-seam. According to the results, the optimal coal pillar offset distance(the side to side horizontal distance of the upper and lower coal pillars) between the upper and lower coal seams was developed to reduce the stress concentration of coal pillars and surface damage.The results of this study have been applied in Ningtiaota coal mine and have achieved good results in safe and environmentally friendly mining.     

铬盐清洁生产中铬渣的综合利用

利用二氧化碳与液相氧化铬盐清洁生产工艺所产生的铬渣反应 ,得到碳酸氢镁溶液和富铁渣。碳酸氢镁溶液经加热分解得到轻质碳酸镁产品 ,富铁渣可以作为水泥行业原料铁精矿的替代品 ,最终实现了铬铁矿资源的充分利用和铬盐生产的零排放。     

Investigation of transport phenomena in a hybrid ion exchange-electrodialysis system for the removal of copper ions

Hybrid ion exchange electrodialysis processes allow the removal of metal ions from dilute waste liquids and the recovery of more concentrated solutions. The work reported here was aimed at investigating the two steps in the treatment process, namely, adsorption of metal ions onto the packed bed of resin and electromigration (i.e., the transport of these ions in the complex system under the applied electrical field). The case of copper sulfate was investigated. Dowex resins with a cross-linking degree of 2 and 8% were used. The flux of copper through the resin bed and the current efficiency for ion transfer to the cathode compartment were determined as a function of potential gradient and copper ionic fraction in the bed. Apparent diffusion coefficients of Cu²⁺ in the overall system were deduced from the experimental data.     

Squaring down of general MIMO systems to invertible uniform rank systems via pre- and/or post-compensators

Pre- and/or post-compensators are designed to square down a general MIMO system to a uniform rank system, the structure of which is almost similar to a SISO system. The method of squaring down either does not change the finite zero structure of the given MIMO system or simply adds additional finite zeros in the left half s-plane. The significance of such a squaring down lies in the simplicity of the structure of a uniform rank system lending itself for easy analysis and control design.     

Nonextensive lattice gauge theories: Algorithms and methods

High-energy phenomena presenting strong dynamical correlations, long-range interactions and microscopic memory effects are well described by nonextensive versions of the canonical Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics. After a brief theoretical review, we introduce a class of generalized heat-bath algorithms that enable Monte Carlo lattice simulations of gauge fields on the nonextensive statistical ensemble of Tsallis. The algorithmic performance is evaluated as a function of the Tsallis parameter q$q$ in equilibrium and nonequilibrium setups. Then, we revisit short-time dynamic techniques, which in contrast to usual simulations in equilibrium present negligible finite-size effects and no critical slowing down. As an application, we investigate the short-time critical behaviour of the nonextensive hot Yang–Mills theory at q$q$-values obtained from heavy-ion collision experiments. Our results imply that, when the equivalence of statistical ensembles is obeyed, the long-standing universality arguments relating gauge theories and spin systems hold also for the nonextensive framework.