使用地热能的吸收式制冷系统

吸收式制冷系统可以利用低品位的热源来制冷，相对于常见的蒸汽压缩式制冷系统而言在这方面具有优势。我国是一个地热资源很丰富的国家，为了充分利用这一资源，我们有必要对以地热为热源的吸收式制冷系统进行研究。本文着重分析了使用地热资源的溴化锂吸收式制冷系统。     

Vapor Phase Growth of Centimeter-Sized Band Gap Engineered Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Single-Crystal Thin Films with Color-tunable Stimulated Emission

Single crystal metal halide perovskites thin films are considered to be a promising optical, optoelectronic materials with extraordinary performance due to their low defect densities. However, it is still difficult to achieve large-scale perovskite single-crystal thin films (SCTFs) with tunable bandgap by vapor-phase deposition method. Herein, the synthesis of CsPbCl_3(1–x)Br_3x SCTFs with centimeter size (1 cm × 1 cm) via vapor-phase deposition is reported. The Br composition of CsPbCl_3(1–x)Br_3x SCTFs can be gradually tuned from x = 0 to x = 1, leading the corresponding bandgap to change from 2.29 to 2.91 eV. Additionally, an low-threshold (≈23.9 µJ cm⁻²) amplified spontaneous emission is achieved based on CsPbCl_3(1–x)Br_3x SCTFs at room temperature, and the wavelength is tuned from 432 to 547 nm by varying the Cl/Br ratio. Importantly, the high-quality CsPbCl_3(1–x)Br_3x SCTFs are ideal optical gain medium with high gain up to 1369.8 ± 101.2 cm⁻¹. This study not only provides a versatile method to fabricate high quality CsPbCl_3(1–x)Br_3x SCTFs with different Cl/Br ratio, but also paves the way for further research of color-tunable perovskite lasing.     

多溴噻蒽系列化合物的热力学性质的密度泛函理论

298.15 K和1.013 ×10⁵ Pa时,用Gaussian 98程序,在B3LYP/6-31G^*水平上计算了75个多溴噻蒽系列化合物(PBTAs),得到各分子的热力学性质。设计等键反应,计算了PBTAs系列化合物的标准生成热和标准生成自由能。同时研究了这些参数与溴原子的取代位置及取代数目之间的关系;结果表明：热能校正值、定容热容、熵、标准生成热、标准生成自由能与溴原子的取代位置及取代数目之间有很强的相关性。根据标准生成自由能的相对大小;从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性顺序。     

Chlorophyll adsorption on acid-activated clay

An acid-activated clay (Çanakkale montmorillonite from Turkey) was used to adsorb chlorophyll from hexane solutions. The phenomenon seems to be mainly driven by the interaction of chlorophyll with acid sites. The adsorption of chlorophyll on Brönsted acid sites was indicated by a characteristic infrared band for the -OH group at 3671 cm^?1. The variations in the structure of clay mineral and chlorophyll during adsorption have been examined by differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy of the activated clay before and after adsorption of chlorophyll. Oxidation of adsorbed chlorophyll was completed at quite a high temperature.     

两种不同石墨电极上溴离子电氧化的研究

通过测定溴离子在两种不同石墨电极上的循环伏安曲线及电流效率,探索了溴离子在石墨电极上氧化的电解条件,比较了两种石墨电极对溴离子电氧化的影响。研究发现,由于电极材料的不同和析氧反应的存在,两种电极材料对溴离子氧化的催化作用有一定差别。溴离子在石墨电极上氧化的电流效率一般在80％以上,最高可达88.5％。     

1,2,3-三甲氧基苯的绿色合成工艺研究

采用碳酸二甲酯(DMC)代替传统的有毒有害试剂作为甲基化试剂和以廉价的焦性没食子酸(PA)为原料,在离子液体[ Bmim] Br催化作用下合成1,2,3-三甲氧基苯(TMB).通过单因素和正交试验考察了PA和DMC的摩尔比、催化剂的用量、反应温度以及反应时间等因素对甲基化反应的影响.结果表明:各因素的影响程度为反应温度...     

不锈钢在含有溴离子的醋酸溶液中的腐蚀

采用浸泡试验及电化学试验,对304、254 SMO和HastelloyC－276三种材料在醋酸和含有Br^-离子的醋酸溶液中的腐蚀行为进行了测试。用SEM和XPS分析点蚀形貌。结果发现材料表面所形成的钝化膜中含有Cr2O3和MoO2,对材料起保护作用。     

5-Br-DMPAP 分光光度法测定食品中微量锌

研究了以５－Ｂｒ－ＤＭＰＡＰ分光光度法测定食品中微量锌，对实验条件和共存离子的干扰及掩蔽进行了探讨。在ＯＰ存在下，Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）和５－Ｂｒ－ＤＭＰＡＰ在ｐＨ８．０～１０．０氨性缓冲液中形成有色络合物；λｍａｘ＝５５５ｎｍ，ε＝８．８１×１０４Ｌｍｏｌ－１ｃｍ－１，Ｚｎ在０～５６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内符合比耳定律，变异系数和回收率分别在１．６％～４．６％和９１．１％～１０５％之间。     

Alkane cracking reactions in zeolites with coadsorbed metal halides

HY which is loaded with SbF₅, BCl₃, or BF₃ at low coverages, one metal halide molecule per Brønsted acid site, is shown to be active in the isomerization and cracking of n-hexane and n-butane at room temperature. In contrast, NaY with the same metal halide loading shows greatly reduced activity under identical reaction conditions. The cracking reaction was repeated with DY in place of HY, demonstrating deuterium incorporation into the hexane isomer and light alkane products through interaction with the Brønsted site. Flow reactor studies demonstrate that the conversion is not constant as a function of time on stream, going through an induction period, reaching a maximum, at around 400 s, and then decaying to ~1% after 1 h.     

β-环糊精协同乙烯基咪唑离子液体脱除溶剂油中的萘

采用1-乙烯基-3-正丁基溴代咪唑离子液体（[VBIM]Br）为脱除剂,在β-环糊精协同作用下萃取溶剂油中的萘。本实验考察了不同单因素条件在[VBIM]Br离子液体与β-环糊精共同作用下对溶剂油中脱萘率的影响,同时通过响应面法优化脱除工艺条件。实验结果表明：[VBIM]Br离子液体与β-环糊精共同作用下对萘的萃取率比单独利用[VBIM]Br离子液体提高了15%以上,萃取率达到90%以上。离子液体简单回收后,重复使用5次过后,脱除率仍在80%以上。实验通过红外分析和紫外光谱分析了[VBIM]Br离子液体协同β-环糊精脱萘的机理,与[VBIM]Br离子液体协同作用下,β-环糊精对萘存在包合作用,实现了对溶剂油中萘的脱除。