UASB-SBR工艺处理城市生活污水的研究

研究了UASB工艺处理城市生活污水的可行性，通过UASB与SBR组合工艺的运行实验，得出在水力停留时间3h时，COD去除率为61．67％-82．32％，出水COD达到国家污水排放二级标准。在氮磷去除效果不佳的情况下，采用SBR工艺处理后，其出水COD、SS、氮、磷等指标均达到国家污水一级排放标准。     

UASB+MBR+NF处理焚烧垃圾渗滤液的设计及运行

介绍了UASB+MBR+NF工艺处理某垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液的工艺流程、构筑物设计参数及运行情况。运行结果表明,该工艺对垃圾渗滤液具有较高的去除率,COD、BOD5、NH3-N、SS的去除率分别高达99.84%、99.94%、99.28%、99.83%。处理后出水的各项指标可以达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中的一级排放标准。采用该工艺去除1 kg COD需要花费0.57元。与城市污水厂生活污水的运行费用相比,该工艺具有较好的经济性。     

乙酰螺旋霉素生产废水的处理

采用厌氧颗粒污泥和好氧活性污泥分别对升流式厌氧污泥床过滤器(UBF)和间歇循环活性污泥系统(CASS)进行污泥接种培养,研究水解酸化-UBF-CASS工艺在乙酰螺旋霉素废水处理方面的运行效果.运行结果表明:在进水CODCr的质量浓度为5 000～10 000mg/L,UBF和CASS反应器中有机负荷分别为0.50和0.24kg[CODCr]/(kg[MLSS]·d)左右的情况下,UBF和CASS反应器分别运行2个月和1周,CODCr平均去除率分别达到88%和50%,出水CODCr的质量浓度在300mg/L以下,达到<污水综合排放标准>(8978-1996)二级标准.     

USR/一体化氧化沟处理养猪场污水

采用升流式固体反应器（USR）/一体化氧化沟处理生猪养殖场污水,介绍了工程设计参数与调试情况,竣工验收监测结果表明,出水各项指标均能满足行业排放标准.     

微电解-UASB-SBR法处理糠醛废水的试验研究

对采用微电解-UASB-SBR工艺处理企业排放的高浓度酸性糠醛废水进行了试验研究.研究结果表明,采用以活性炭和废铁屑为阴、阳极的微电解预处理糠醛废水,CODCr的去除率达到30%,再利用厌氧-好氧法进一步处理微电解出水,CODCr、BOD5总去除率达到99%以上,出水水质达到国家《污水综合排放标准》GB 8978-1996二级排放标准.     

Comparative evaluation of full‐scale UASB reactors treating alcohol distillery wastewaters in terms of performance and methanogenic activity

In this study, two full‐scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, namely TUASB and CUASB, at the wastewater treatment plants of the Tekirdaǧ Alcohol (Raki) and Canakkale Alcohol (Cognac) distilleries were investigated in terms of performance, acetoclastic methanogenic capacity and microbial composition. The results were compared with a previously studied other UASB reactor (IUASB) at the wastewater treatment plant of the Istanbul Alcohol (Raki) Distillery from which the two reactors (TUASB and CUASB) were seeded. The IUASB reactor performed well achieving COD removal efficiencies of no lower than 85% at organic logding rates (OLRs) in the range of 6–11 kg COD m⁻³ day⁻¹ between 1996 and 2001. During the last one year of operation, between 2000 and 2001, performance of the CUASB reactor in terms of COD removal efficiency was 70–80% at OLRs in a range of 1–4.5 kg COD m⁻³ day⁻¹ whereas it was 60–80% at OLRs in a range of 2.5–8.5 kg COD m⁻³ day⁻¹ in the TUASB reactor. At the end of year 2000, specific methanogenic activity (SMA) tests were carried out to determine potential loading capacity and optimum operating conditions of the IUASB, CUASB and TUASB reactors. The potential methane production (PMP) rates of the CUASB, IUASB and TUASB reactors were measured as 230 cm³ CH₄ gVSS⁻¹ day⁻¹, 350 cm³ CH₄ gVSS⁻¹ day⁻¹ and 376 cm³ CH₄ gVSS⁻¹ day⁻¹ respectively. When the PMP rates were compared with actual methane production (AMP) rates obtained from the three UASB reactors, AMP/PMP ratios were evaluated to be 0.18, 0.12 and 0.13 for CUASB, TUASB and IUASB reactors respectively. This showed that the CUASB, TUASB and IUASB reactors were using only 18%, 12% and 13% of their potential acetoclastic methanogenic capacity respectively. These results can be interpreted that the three UASB reactors were underloaded compared with their potential acetoclastic methanogenic capacities. It was, therefore, recommended that the three UASB reactors should be loaded at higher organic loading rates or sludge withdrawn in order to maintain an AMP/PMP ratio of 0.6–0.7, which can ensure desired reactor performance with safer operation. Results of epifluoresence microscopic examinations showed that the percentage of total autofluorescent methanogens was approximately 30% of the total population in sludges from the TUASB and IUASB reactors whereas it was 20% in sludge from the CUASB reactor. The two UASB reactors treating raki distillery wastewaters contained sludges having a higher percentage of autofluorescent methanogenic population and higher acetoclastic methanogenic activity. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Determination of potential methane production capacity of a granular sludge from a pilot‐scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor using a specific methanogenic activity test

A 450 dm³ pilot‐scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was used for the treatment of a fermentation‐based pharmaceutical wastewater. The UASB reactor performed well up to an organic loading rate (OLR) of 10.7 kg COD m^?3 d^?1 at which point 94% COD removal efficiency was achieved. This high treatment efficiency did not continue, however and the UASB reactor was then operated at lower OLRs for the remainder of the study. Specific methanogenic activity (SMA) tests were, therefore, carried out to determine the potential loading capacity of the UASB reactor. For this purpose, the SMA tests were carried out at four different initial acetate concentrations, namely 500 mg dm^?3, 1000 mg dm^?3, 1500 mg dm^?3 and 2000 mg dm^?3 so that substrate limitation could not occur. The results showed that the sludge sample taken from the UASB reactor (OLR of 6.1 kg COD m^?3 d^?1) had a potential acetoclastic methane production (PMP) rate of 72 cm³ CH₄ g^?1 VSS d^?1. When the PMP rate was compared with the actual methane production rate (AMP) of 67 cm³ CH₄ g^?1 VSS d^?1 obtained from the UASB reactor, the AMP/PMP ratio was found to be 0.94 which ensured that the UASB reactor was operated using its maximum potential acetoclastic methanogenic capacity. In order to achieve higher OLRs with desired COD removal efficiencies it was recommended that the UASB reactor should be loaded with suitable OLRs pre‐determined by SMA tests. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

抗生素废水处理的中试研究

采用中试规模的厌氧复合床 (2 2m3 )和周期循环活性污泥系统 (12m3 )处理抗生素废水 .当厌氧复合床的容积负荷为 6 0kgCOD/(m3 ·d)时 ,SS ,COD ,BOD5的去除率分别为 74 9% ,91 1% ,95 5 % ;当周期循环活性污泥系统的污泥浓度为 4 0 0 0mgMLSS/L ,污泥负荷为 0 4kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d)时 ,SS ,COD ,BOD5的去除率分别为 90 3% ,87 6 % ,95 4 % ,出水水质达到了国家生物制药工业废水排放标准 (GB8978- 1996 ) ,为工业规模的应用提供了技术参数和科学的实施方案     

亚铵法莫浆蒸煮废液的厌氧处理

根据一系列试验结果,分析了亚铵法草浆蒸煮废液厌氧处理的主要特性和机理。间歇式厌氧发酵的试验表明,亚铵废液对厌氧微生物的短期接触临界抑制浓度在7840—11760mg COD/L范围内。长期接触临界浓度大于23520mg COD/L;膨润土能够显著地促进亚铵废液的厌氧发酵。研究结果指出:厌氧—好氧工艺处理亚铵废液具有技术上的可行性和经济上的优越性,发展前景乐观。