Electrochemical properties of AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy as anode electrocatalyst of PEMFC

1　INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, the application of the roomtemperature type ( < 100 ℃) polymer electrolytemembrane fuel cells(PEMFCs) as a primary powersource in electric vehicles and portable equipmentsetc has received increasing attention[1 4]. Usuallyin a PEMFC system, platinum is chosen as the e lectrode electrocatalyst, however, it results in ahigh cost PEMFC system for commercialization be cause Pt is a high cost, source limit metal. So,looking fo…     

Structure and electrochemical properties of hypo-stoichiometric hydrogen storage alloys prepared by twin-roller rapid quenching process

1 Introduction AB5-type rare-earth-based hydrogen storage al- loys have widely been used as negative electrode materials for nickel-metal hydride batteries due to their inherent advantages, especially high hydrogen storage capacity, easy activation and lo…     

Electrochemical properties of CeMgu Ni＋x% Ni composites （x=0, 50, 100 and 200） prepared by ball-milling

The electrochemical properties of the as-cast CeMg11 Ni and ball-milled CeMg11 Ni x%Ni(x=0, 50,100 and 200, mass fraction) composites were investigated. The results show that homogeneous amorphous phase of CeMg11 Ni x% Ni composite can be obtained by ball-milling, and discharge capacity of the ball-milled CeMg11 Ni x% Ni composites differs greatly depending on the amount of Ni introduced during milling. The CeMg11 Ni 200% Ni composite after 90 h ball-milling was found to exhibit a large discharge capacity of about 1 012 mAh/g at 303 K,and it also shows better charge-discharge cycling stability than those with lower Ni content. This remarkable improvement in electrochemical properties of the ball-milled composites seems to be attributed to the formation of an amorphous composite as well as the improvement of the surface state of the ball-milled particles.     

简讯

高钴含量Nd(Pr)-Dy-Fe-Co-B磁体烧结特点俄罗斯航空材料研究院А.Ф.ПЕТРАКОВ等人研究了钴含量对Nd(Pr)-Dy-Fe-Co-B磁体烧结温度的影响。对于(Nd1-xDyx)13～17(Fe1-yCoy)余量B5～9(x=0.06～0.71;y=0.02～0.34)磁体,达到99%最高密度的烧结温度Tcn1随Co量增高线性降低。达到Hci最高值的烧结温度Tcn2总是低于Tcn1。烧结时形成液相的主要成分为(Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co)2和(Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co)4B。对于(Pr1-xDyx)12～17(Fe1-yCoy)余量B6～8(x=0.18～0.48;y=0.15～0.47)磁体,当y≈0.26时,烧结温度Tcn1最     

Mg17Al12基储氢合金的表面复相改性

采用机械球磨法制备Mg17Al12合金,系统研究了球磨时间对Mg17Al12形成过程的影响;并以球磨12 h的Mg17Al12合金为基体,添加5%、10%（质量分数）的Ni、Cu单质,通过机械球磨对合金进行表面复相改性。采用P-C-T测试仪测定合金的储氢性能,研究添加不同质量分数的单质对Mg17Al12合金储氢性能的影响。结果表明：球磨12 h Mg17Al12的吸氢速率较慢,吸氢时间较长,需在1400 min达到最大吸氢量为4.1%（质量分数）,接近其理论吸氢量4.4%,Mg17Al12的吸放氢过程是可逆的。Cu对Mg17Al12进行表面复相改性,可以显著改善其吸氢动力学性能,添加5%Cu和10%Cu的合金在623 K,240 min的吸氢量分别为4.07%和3.9%。经过Cu和Ni复相改性后的Mg17Al12具有较好的放氢性能,添加5%Cu合金在553 K放出3%的氢气。Ni对Mg17Al12进行表面复相改性,对其性能有一定的提高,但是和Cu相比,并不明显     

添加Nd、Zn、Ti的Mg2Ni基合金微观组织及氢化动力学

为了提高Mg2Ni基合金的储氢动力学性能,通过熔炼方法分别添加金属元素Nd,Zn和Ti来防止镁的氧化和蒸发,将Mg2Ni基合金在有覆盖剂保护的电阻炉中进行熔炼。借助XRD 和 SEM/EDS研究了铸态合金的相组成和微观组织。采用定容法在Sievert’s型PCT测试仪上测试了合金的氢化动力学性能。Nd、Zn和Ti的添加导致了微量相Mg6Ni和Ni3Ti的生成。Nd和Zn溶解在Mg2Ni基合金的α-Mg、Mg2Ni和MgNi2相中。添加Nd元素后,合金的首次吸氢量高于Mg2Ni的,达到2.86%（质量分数）。Mg2Ni基合金的吸氢动力学性能和活化性能均有所提高。在前3次吸放氢循环过程中,添加Zn和Ti的合金吸氢量和吸氢动力学性能均得到提高。采用Hirooka动力学模型分析了合金的氢化动力学性能及反应机制。     

光伏-PEM储氢系统建模与仿真

光伏发电存在间歇性的缺点,需要一个可持续的储能系统来满足需求。介绍光伏-PEM（质子交换膜）储氢系统,将电能转化为氢气储存,后期再通过PEM 燃料电池将氢气转化为电能。该系统包含光伏发电系统、PEM制氢电解槽以及燃料电池等,通过电解水产生氢气,氢气在高压下储存在压缩储罐中以备后用,后期系统有需要时,氢气将通过PEM燃料电池重新转化为电能。光伏发电系统的输出电流由PI控制器控制,以稳定电解槽的输入电流。对于光伏-PEM储氢系统,主要问题是对天气条件的依赖。通过系统建模来模拟光伏-PEM储氢系统的运行过程,评估与太阳能光伏输出电流相关的光照强度对氢气生产、氢气储存以及后期氢气再电气化的影响,为后续有助于缓解与太阳能、风力发电和其他间歇性发电相关的储能问题奠定基础。     

钛中氢同位素的热脱附谱定量分析研究

通过优化钛的吸氢工艺,成功制备了不同氢氘含量的氢/氘化钛样品;结合XRD分析,给出了钛吸氢前后的晶体结构变化。利用热脱附谱(TDS)技术,通过标准漏孔标定质谱仪的离子流信号强度,实现了钛中氢同位素脱附量的定量测定;TDS法测量结果与压力-体积法测量值之间的绝对误差小于6%。研究结果可为氢能、核能及核技术领域材料中氢同位素含量的准确测量提供有益参考。