ZnO纳米线的可控生长及其光学特性

采用简单水热法制备得到ZnO纳米线,通过控制反应条件调控ZnO纳米线的形貌,得到不同形态的多维ZnO纳米线。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发射光谱(PL)对样品的微观形貌、晶相结构、光学性能进行表征,结果表明:样品的晶型完整,光致发射光谱图显示在384nm左右出现了紫外区发射峰,而且玉米棒状ZnO纳米线不仅出现了强烈的紫外发射峰,在可见光区域也出现了发射峰。     

Ultralong and Mesoporous ZnO and γ-Al_2O_3 Oriented Nanowires Obtained by Template-assisted Hydrothermal Approach

Highly mesoporous Zn O and g-Al2O3nanowires（NWs） are both synthesized by a hydrothermal method using commercially available porous anodic aluminium oxide（AAO） as template. AAO membrane acts as template for Zn O NWs and both as template and precursor for g-Al2O3 NWs. The formation of intermediate phases of porous Zn6Al2（OH）16CO3and boehmite（g-Al OOH） were observed, both occurring during the hydrothermal synthesis of porous Zn O and g-Al2O3 NWs, respectively, and disappearing after annealing at 600 C. This novel template-assisted hydrothermal process leads to the formation of porous Zn O and g-Al2O3NWs（specific surface area of 192 m2 g 1and 263 m2 g 1, respectively）, showing pore sizes around 4 nm in diameter. The influence of the reaction parameters on the nanostructure morphology was also investigated. A Zn O seed layer, deposited on the AAO channels prior to the hydrothermal synthesis, leads to more compact Zn O nanowires（99 m2 g-1） protecting the AAO host from the chemical attack of the precursor solution.     

室温水溶液法制备银花状球及其光学特性

利用水溶液法,以柠檬酸和表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为辅助,在室温环境中反应2h成功合成了Ag花状球。用粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)以及紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)等手段对产物进行了表征。研究表明,产物结晶性良好,产率高,形貌规整且粒径分布均匀,花状球的平均直径为900nm。产物于242nm处产生强的紫外吸收峰。通过对Ag花状球形成机理和实验条件进行系统探讨,提出了三步反应机理,同时发现柠檬酸和表面活性剂PVP对产物的形貌和尺寸起着关键作用。     

内蒙古根河市比利亚谷银铅锌矿断裂构造控制特征

矿床位于得耳布尔深大断裂的北西侧,绝大多数矿体受控于NW向断裂。比利亚谷银铅锌矿床赋存于侏罗系中统塔木兰沟组英安岩、角砾凝灰岩中的NW向张扭性断裂带中,主要矿体受NW向次级断裂构造F35、F36、F37控制,矿体形态多呈脉状、透镜状、扁豆状,是由多个破碎带型单脉组成的脉群。矿体厚度较大部位是由多条构造及构造之间岩石矿化组成。本文认为矿区NW向断裂构造即是导矿构造,又是储矿构造,多期次的构造运动是形成该矿区构造特征的主要原因。     

载银氧化锰复合催化剂的制备及其室温下催化氧化甲醛性能

通过回流法(rf),研磨法(ym)制备了载银氧化锰八面体分子筛Ag/OMS-2复合催化剂,研究了制备方法和制备条件对其催化氧化甲醛性能的影响。采用XRD、TEM、SEM和BET技术对所制备样品进行表征。研究结果表明,回流法制备的rf-Ag/OMS-2催化剂活性明显高于研磨法制备的ym-Ag/OMS-2催化剂。制备条件(Ag负载量和煅烧温度)明显影响rf-Ag/OMS-2催化剂的催化性能。催化活性评价结果表明,载银量为10%(质量分数),煅烧400~500℃的催化剂催化活性较高,在室温下对甲醛去除率为80%以上。催化剂的稳定性研究结果表明,所制备的催化剂经过处理能重复使用多次,并且活性变化不大,具有很好的稳定性。     

欧盟纳米材料在水净化处理中广泛应用

正截止目前,欧盟水净化处理商业化应用的纳米材料主要四大类:(1)应用于菌类和其它微生物分子吸收的壳聚糖纳米材料;(2)应用于表面涂层消毒的银纳米粒子材料;(3)应用于太阳紫外线消毒的二氧化钛纳米材料。(4)应用于水过滤系统的氧化锌纳米材料。总体上,欧盟应用于纯净水或饮用水的纳米材料水净化处理技术已完全成熟。基于抗病原体高效、无人体有害成分     

辽宁锦州北部区火山—热液型金(银)矿地质特征及成矿条件解析

近年来,在锦州北部火山岩区开展的矿产普查和1:5万区域地质矿产调查中,发现金(银)矿床、矿点和矿化点多处。通过本区区域地质矿产资料的分析,认为锦州北部火山岩地区金(银)矿的成因属潜火山—热液型,成矿物质主要来源于酸性潜火山岩,多期次的潜火山活动是成矿的主导因素。     

Ionic effects on the transport characteristics of nanowire-based FETs in a liquid environment

For the development of ultra-sensitive electrical bio/chemical sensors based on nanowire field effect transistors （FETs）, the influence of the ions in the solution on the electron transport has to be understood. For this purpose we establish a simulation platform for nanowire FETs in the liquid environment by implementing the modified Poisson-Boltzmann model into Landauer transport theory. We investigate the changes of the electric potential and the transport characteristics due to the ions. The reduction of sensitivity of the sensors due to the screening effect from the electrolyte could be successfully reproduced. We also fabricated silicon nanowire Schottky-barrier FETs and our model could capture the observed reduction of the current with increasing ionic concentration. This shows that our simulation platform can be used to interpret ongoing experiments, to design nanowire FETs, and it also gives insight into controversial issues such as whether ions in the buffer solution affect the transport characteristics or not.     

基于宏观尺度纳米线组装体的透明柔性导电电极和弹性导体研究取得新进展

最近。中国科学技术大学俞书宏教授研究组围绕如何高效宏量组装纳米导电基元．特别是银纳米线,开展了一系列探索研究。成功研制了基于纳米线组装体的二维柔性透明导电电极和三维弹性导体．为今后规模化制备柔性透明导电电极和弹性导体提供了新的制备技术。有关研究工作由特任副研究员刘建伟和2012级博士生高怀岭等完成。     

Versatile inorganic-organic hybrid WO x -ethylenediamine nanowires: Synthesis,mechanism and application in heavy metal ion adsorption and catalysis

Inorganic-organic hybrid WOx-ethylenediamine （WO/-EDA） nanowires have been produced by a simple, low-cost and high-yield solvothermal method. These WO/-EDA hybrid nanowires have unique lamellar mesostructures with an alternate stacking of an interconnected [WO6] octahedral layer and a monolayer of ethylenediamine molecules. This hybrid structure integrated the functionality of ethylenediamine with the stability of the WOx frameworks. In situ synchrotron- radiation X-ray diffraction is used to elucidate a possible formation mechanism of the hybrid WOx-EDA. The nanowire morphology, lamellar structure and abundant functional amino groups endow them with versatile abilities. For example, in heavy metal ion adsorption the WOx-EDA nanowires display exceptional adsorption capabilities of 925 mg·g^-1 for Pb^2＋ and 610 mg·g^-1 for UO2^2＋. The nanowires also show outstanding stability and activity as a heterogeneous base catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction at room temperature. The catalyst can be recycled and reused for 20 cycles with nearly 100% yields. This study provides a new strategy to design inorganic-organic hybrid materials, and offers a multifunctional material that is a highly efficient adsorbent and sustainable catalyst.