合金元素对镁合金的性能影响研究

研究了新型镁铝锌合金的性能,分析了不同含量的Al、Zn、Pb等元素对镁合金性能的影响.结果表明,随着Al含量的增加,合金的冲击韧性下降而硬度提高;随着Zn含量的增加,冲击韧性和硬度都下降;而随着Pb含量的增加,合金的冲击韧性和硬度都提高.     

High cycle fatigue behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V alloy at elevated temperatures

High cycle fatigue behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V alloy was studied at 623 K and 723 K. Fatigue strength decreased at elevated temperatures compared with at ambient temperature. In the short life regime, fatigue strength was lower at 723 K than at 623 K, but in the long life regime it was nearly the same at both temperatures. At elevated temperatures, cracks were generated earlier at applied stresses below the fatigue limit at ambient temperature, indicating lowered crack initiation resistance. Small cracks grew faster at elevated temperatures than at ambient temperature, which became more noticeable with increasing temperature. After allowing for the elastic modulus, small cracks still grew faster at elevated temperatures.     

锌铝基合金陶瓷层激光重熔区的表面温度场

使用HSC 31快速扫描红外热像仪 ,测量了含Al2 O3 表层的锌铝合金激光熔覆时的表面温度场 ,测得熔池中最高温度为 16 72℃ ,边缘温度为 6 0 0～ 70 0℃ ,冷却速率为 2× 10 3 ～ 3× 10 4 ℃ /s以及熔池形状和等温曲线。     

AI-Li/SiCp composites and Ti-AI alloy powders and coatings prepared by a plasma spray atomization (PSA) technique

There has been increasing use of Al-Li alloys in the aerospace industry, due mainly to the low density and high elastic modulus of this material. However, the problem of low ductility and fracture toughness of this material has limited its present application to only weight- and stiffness-critical components. Development of Al-Li/ceramic composites is currently being investigated to enhance the service capabilities of this material. The Ti-Al alloy is also of interest to aerospace-type applications, engine components in particular, due to its attractive high-temperature properties. Preparation of fine powders by plasma melting of composite feedstock and coatings formed by plasma spraying was carried out to examine the effect of spray parameters on the microstructure and properties of these materials. Characterization of the powders and coatings was performed using the scanning electron microscope and image analyzer. Examination of the plasma-sprayed powders and coatings has shown that in the Al-Li/SiC composite there is melting of both materials to form a single composite particle. The SiC reinforcement was in the submicron range and contributed to additional strengthening of the composite body, which was formed by a cold isostatic press and consolidated by hot extrusion or hot forging processes. The plasma-sprayed Ti-Al powder showed four categories of microstructures: featureless, dendritic, cellular, and martensite-like.     

Effects of temperature and blank holding force on biaxial forming behavior of aluminum sheet alloys

Biaxial forming behavior is investigated for three aluminum sheet alloys (Al 5182 containing 1% Mn (5182+Mn), Al 5754, and 6111-T4) using a heated die and punch in the warm forming temperature range of 200–350 °C. It is found that, while all three alloys exhibit significant improvement in their formability compared with that at room temperature, the non-heat-treatable alloys 5182 + Mn and 5754 give higher part depths than that of heat-treatable 6111-T4. The formability generally increases with decreasing BHP (BHP), but increasing the forming temperature and/or BHP minimizes the wrinkling tendency and improves the forming performance. The stretchability of the sheet alloys increase with increasing temperature and increasing BHP. For the alloys and forming conditions involved in the current study, the formability, measured in terms of part depth, comes mainly from the drawing of metal into the die cavity, although stretching effects do influence the overall forming behavior. The optimum formability is achieved by setting the die temperature 50 °C higher than the punch temperature to enhance the drawing component. Setting the die temperature higher than the punch temperature also improves the strain distribution in a part in such a manner that postpones necking and fracture by altering the location of greatest thinning.     

Heat capacity of liquid and undercooled liquid metals and alloys

Trends in the dependences on temperature and concentration of experimentally determined heat capacities of liquid and undercooled liquid metals and alloys are discussed. A new adiabatic calorimeter for determining the heat capacity of liquid alloys up to 1500 K is described. The ability of several approximations and models to describe the different characteristics of the heat capacity of liquid and supercooled liquid metals and alloys is demonstrated.     

New high-temperature copper alloys

New high-strength, high-temperature Cu-Ni-Si alloys have been developed using additions of Cr, Zr, and/or Ti. These new alloys remain as precipitation hardenable as the base alloy, but the main strengthening phase may be different than Ni₂Si (e.g., Cr₂Ti). Substantial increases in mechanical strength were observed at both room and high temperature (773 K) when additions of Cr+Zr+Ti and Cr+Zr were made. Industrial testing of these alloys indicated a sevenfold increase in the lifetime of lateral blocks in continuous casting equipment of copper alloys.     

薄带连铸技术的发展现状与思考

综述了钢的薄带连铸及铝合金的薄带铸轧发展现状,简要介绍了在高速钢、硅钢和镁合金的薄带连铸实验研究方面取得的进展.认为钢的薄带连铸技术近年取得了重要突破,未来10年薄带连铸技术可能快速发展;发展特殊性能或难加工合金的薄带连铸可充分发挥快速凝固的优势;采用立式双辊法可望进一步提高铝合金的浇铸速度,特别是高牌号铝合金的浇铸速度;应积极发展镁合金的薄带连铸技术,以改善镁合金板材的塑性加工及耐腐蚀问题.     

钕含量对Mg-Cu-Nd非晶合金贮氢性能的影响

通过溶体快淬成功制备了（Mg65Cu25）100-xNdx（x=2，5，7，10）非晶／纳米晶贮氢合金，利用透射电镜、x射线衍射仪和差热分析仪研究了合金的微观组织结构及其热性能，采用ARBINBTW-2000型电池测试仪研究了合金的贮氢性能。结果表明：随着钕含量的增高，合金的贮氢量呈现上升趋势。非晶（Mg65Cu25）93Nd7合金具有最好的贮氢动力学性能和贮氢容量，最高贮氢量达到3．O％（质量分数），而纳米晶（Mg65Cu25）98Nd2具有最低的贮氢动力学性能和贮氢容量。研究还表明，随着钕含量的增高，合金的非晶形成能力增强，非晶的这种独特的短程有序结构是提高贮氢性能的主要因素。     

Cu-Al-Be形状记忆合金的应力腐蚀性能

用恒载荷法和慢应变速率法及SEM研究了Cu-Al-Be形 状记忆合金在甘油、海水和氨介质中的应力腐蚀性能.结果表明，Cu-Al-Be合金具有良 好的抗海水应力腐蚀性能和较低的氨介质应力腐蚀倾向.单相马氏体有较 好的耐海水腐蚀能力，可减少腐蚀引起的裂纹源；外应力下马氏体的孪晶变形和变体间的界 面迁移，则有利于松弛应力集中，阻碍和延缓腐蚀裂纹源的扩展，从而提高Cu-Al-Be合金的 应力腐蚀能力.