关于滑动DFT算法中的频谱泄漏问题的探讨

针对滑动DFT算法中的频谱泄漏效应的处理问题,提出用频域加窗的办法,避免了时域加窗中窗与输入信号的N次相乘,破坏滑动DFT实时计算的简捷性、可靠性,保证了滑动DFT算法的实现与优化。在硬件实现上,用3个结构简单的谐振器,将其谐振频率分别调到3个相邻的DFT频率单元,即可实现此处理过程。     

谱相减法语音增强技术中"音乐噪声"的抑制

针对谱相减法残余“音乐噪声”过强的缺点，采用幅度-带宽联合分析的方法，自适应地调整各子带谱减因子，通过消除随机噪声谱峰，达到了抑制残余“音乐噪声”的目的。新算法经过仿真实验，并与其它算法的结果进行了对比。结果表明在几乎不损伤清晰度的情况下，该算法更好地抑制了“音乐噪声”，且信噪比得到了大幅提高。     

BP神经网络结合变量选择方法在牛奶蛋白质含量检测中的应用北大核心CSCD

牛奶中的蛋白质含量会影响牛奶的品质,利用高光谱图像的光谱特征信息研究对牛奶蛋白质含量预测的可行性。本文提出一种基于竞争性自适应重加权算法(competitive adaptive reweighted sampling, CARS)和连续投影算法(successive projections algorithm, SPA)结合多层前馈神经网络(back propagation, BP)的预测建模方法,实验以含有不同浓度蛋白质的牛奶为对象,利用可见光/近红外高光谱成像系统共采集到5种牛奶共计250组高光谱数据,通过实验对比选择采用标准化方法对获取到的吸收光谱预处理,然后采用CARS结合SPA筛选特征波长,得到18个特征波长,建立CARS-SPA-BP模型,经过试验,CARS-SPA-BP模型的训练集决定系数和测试集决定系数R;和R;分别达到0.971和0.968,训练集均方根误差(root mean square error of calibration,RMSEC)和测试集均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)达到了0.033和0.034。研究发现,采用CARS结合SPA筛选的牛奶特征波长建立的多层前馈神经网络模型,其模型预测结果与全波长建模相比并没有明显降低,因此将CARS结合SPA用于波长筛选并且结合BP神经网络基本可以完成对牛奶蛋白质含量的预测。为验证CARS-SPA-BP模型的预测能力,在相同数据环境下,使用较为传统的偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression, PLSR)进行建模,实验结果表明,CARS-SPA-BP相较于PLSR,R;和RMSEP均有明显提升。研究表明,CARS-SPA-BP可充分利用牛奶光谱特征信息实现较高精度的牛奶蛋白质含量检测。     

Steady-state analysis of a complex adaptive notch filter using modified gradient algorithm

Based on power spectral density (PSD) analytical technique, mean square error (MSE) (or variance) of the frequency estimate of a first-order complex adaptive IIR notch filter (ANF) using modified complex plain gradient (MCPG) algorithm is investigated in this paper. The steady-state expression for MSE is derived in closed form. A quantitative analysis for the estimation MSE has been carried out. It has been revealed that the MSE of frequency estimate is independent of an input frequency of a complex sinusoid. In addition, computer simulations are treated to corroborate the theoretical analysis and the relationships between MSE and system parameters are shown.     

A Modified Method Based on the Discrete Sliding Norm Transform to Reduce the PAPR in OFDM Systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation technique that allows the transmission of high data rates over wideband radio channels subject to frequency selective fading by dividing the data into several narrowband and flat fading channels. OFDM has high spectral efficiency and channel robustness. However, a major drawback of OFDM is that the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signals is high, which causes nonlinear distortion in the received data and reduces the efficiency of the high power amplifier in the transmitter. The most straightforward method to solve this problem is to use a nonlinear mapping algorithm to transform the signal into a new signal that has a smaller PAPR. One of the latest nonlinear methods proposed to reduce the PAPR is the L₂‐by‐3 algorithm, which is based on the discrete sliding norm transform. In this paper, a new algorithm based on the L₂‐by‐3 method is proposed. The proposed method is very simple and has a low complexity analysis. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs better, has better power spectral density, and is less sensitive to the modulation type and number of subcarriers than L₂‐by‐3.     

Spectral study and classification of worldwide locations considering several multijunction solar cell technologies

Multi‐junction solar cells are widely used in high‐concentration photovoltaic systems (HCPV) attaining the highest efficiencies in photovoltaic energy generation. This technology is more dependent on the spectral variations of the impinging Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) than conventional photovoltaics based on silicon solar cells and consequently demands a deeper knowledge of the solar resource characteristics. This article explores the capabilities of spectral indexes, namely, spectral matching ratios (SMR), to spectrally characterize the annual irradiation reaching a particular location on the Earth and to provide the necessary information for the spectral optimization of a MJ solar cell in that location as a starting point for CPV module spectral tuning. Additionally, the relationship between such indexes and the atmosphere parameters, such as the aerosol optical depth (AOD), precipitable water (PW), and air mass (AM), is discussed using radiative transfer models such as SMARTS to generate the spectrally resolved DNI. The network of ground‐based sun and sky‐scanning radiometers AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) is exploited to obtain the atmosphere parameters for a selected bunch of 34 sites worldwide. Finally, the SMR indexes are obtained for every location, and a comparative analysis is carried out for four architectures of triple junction solar cells, covering both lattice match and metamorphic technologies. The differences found among cell technologies are much less significant than among locations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GaAs光电阴极多信息量测试系统设计

为了优化GaAs光电阴极制备工艺,设计了一个用于GaAs光电阴极制备过程监控的多信息量测试系统.系统采用了先进的现场总线技术,可在线测试阴极加热净化过程中真空度随温度的变化曲线,阴极激活过程中光电流、真空度、Cs源和O源电流的变化曲线,以及阴极激活后的光谱响应曲线.光电流测试精度可达1 nA,光谱响应曲线测量范围在400～1 000 nm.利用该系统对阴极制备过程进行了监测,并给出了测试结果.     

硅基竖直耦合三环谐振波分复用器的特性

对1×N信道硅基竖直耦合三环谐振波分复用器的传输特性进行了分析,给出了光学传递函数的公式.在中心波长1550.918nm、波长间隔1.6nm的情况下,对其振幅耦合比率、波谱响应、分光光谱、插入损耗、信道间的串扰进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明,该器件具有以下良好性能:若取小环与信道间的振幅耦合比率为0.27,小环与大环间的振幅耦合比率为0.06,该器件具有箱形波谱响应,输出光谱中的次峰值已被抑制到-25dB,谐振峰平坦且陡峭,3dB带宽约为0.28nm,每条输出信道的插入损耗及串扰较小,插入损耗小于0.71dB,串扰可降至-53dB以下.     

红外瞬变光源光谱实时测试系统的研制

介绍了一种光谱辐照度动态测量系统,它适用于对曳光管等瞬变光源的近红外光谱区辐射情况进行动态分析。系统可获得瞬变光源点燃过程当中各时刻的光谱辐照度、给定波段的辐照度及其随时间的变化、峰值波长随时间的变化。系统测试软件采用下拉菜单,操作非常简便。     

短波红外纳米PbSe薄膜制备及光电性能研究

采用化学沉淀的方法在石英衬底上制备了短波红外纳米PbSe薄膜.XRD,SEM,TEM以及红外透射光谱测试分析结果表明,所制备的PbSe薄膜为纳米多晶薄膜,表面平整致密,薄膜的晶粒尺寸为10 nm左右,由于量子效应,薄膜吸收截止边相对PbSe体材料蓝移至1.6 μm;经过敏化、光刻及金属化制备了PbSe单元光导探测器,在...